Titanyum Dioksit Nanoparçacıklarının Yac-1 Lenfoma Hücre Soyu Canlılığı Ve İnce Yapısı Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Yaygın kullanım alanı olan nanoparçacıkların kanser terapisinde etkili oldukları bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda geniş kullanım alanına sahip titanyum dioksit nanoparçacıklarının (TiO2-NP) YAC-1 lenfoma hücre soyu üzerine etkilerini incelemeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 24’lü kültür kuyucuklarına ekilen YAC-1 lenfoma hücreleri üzerine iki (0,1mg/mL, 0,5mg/mL) farklı konsantrasyonda TiO2-NP’si uygulandı. 24 ve 48 saat sonra hücreler toplanarak canlılık testi için sayma kamarasında sayım yapıldı ve nicel farklılık Tukey-Kramer çoklu karşılaştırma testi ile belirlendi. Elektron mikroskop incelemesi için rutin takip sonrası Epon-812 ortamına gömülen hücrelerden alınan ince kesitler geçirimli elektron mikroskobu ile incelendi.

Bulgular: YAC-1 hücrelerinin çoğalma indekslerinde TiO2-NP’lerin dozuna ve uygulama süresine bağlı olarak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde azalma izlendi. Elektron mikroskobik incelemede, 24. saatte 0,5mg uygulanmış grupta ve 48. saatte 0,1 ve 0,5 mg uygulanmış grupta mitokondri bozulması, otofajik vakuol birikimi ve hem nekrotik hem de apoptotik hücre morfolojilerine rastlandı.

Sonuç: TiO2-NP’lerinin farklı kanser hücre soyları üzerinde hücre ölümünü tetiklediği çeşitli çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızda hücre çoğalma indeksi açısından doza ve süreye bağlı azalmaya ek olarak elektron mikroskobik olarak nanoparçacığa maruz kalan hücrelerde TiO2-NP içeren otofajik vakuol oluşumları, organellerin yapısında bozulmalar ve apoptotik ve nekrotik hücre ölümünü gösteren morfolojik değişimleri izledik. Çevremizde sürekli etkileşim halinde olduğumuz bu TiO2-NP’sinin hücre üzerinde gösterdiği bu sitotoksik etkinin mekanizmaları, kapsamlı araştırmaların konusu olarak değerlendirilmelidir.

Keywords

• Nanoparçacık,titanyum dioksit,YAC-1,otofaji,apoptoz

The Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Vitality and Ultrastructure of Yac-1 Lymphoma Cell Line

Abstract

Objective: Nanoparticles, which are widely used, are known to be effective in cancer therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) on the YAC-1 lymphoma cell line.

Materials and Methods: TiO2-NP were applied at two different concentrations (0.1mg/mL, 0.5mg/ mL) on cultured YAC-1 lymphoma cells in 24 well plates. After 24 and 48 hours of treatment the cells were collected and counted for viability test and the quantitative difference was determined by the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. Cells were embedded in Epon-812 after routine process for the electron microscope examination. Thin sections of the cells were examined with Jem Jeol transmission electron microscope.

Results: The proliferation index of YAC-1 cells showed a statistically significant decrease with the dose and time dependent of TiO2-NP treatment. Mitochondrial degeneration, autophagic vacuole accumulation and both necrotic and apoptotic cell morphologies were observed in both TiO2-NP treatment groups via electron microscopic evaluation.

Conclusion: Several studies have shown that TiO2-NPs trigger cell death on different cancer cell lines. In our study, we observed autophagic vacuole filled with NPs, organelle degeneration, and morphological changes showing apoptotic and necrotic cell death in groups exposed to nanoparticles. In addition significant decrease of proliferation index were detected with dose- and time-dependent. We are constantly interacting with TiO2-NP in our daily day life. The mechanisms of these cytotoxic effects of TiO2-NP should be elucidated by further studies.

Keywords

• Nanoparticles,titanium dioxide,YAC-1,autophagy,apoptosis

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