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LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI

Year 2021, Volume: 84 Issue: 1, 98 - 103, 15.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003

Abstract

Amaç: Karotis arter darlıklarının altın standart tedavisi karotis endarterektomi operasyonudur. Cerrahi tedavi genel anestezi ile yapılabileceği gibi, rejyonel servikal blok, lokorejyonel kombine anestezi ya da lokal anestezi yöntemleri ile de gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu yazıda lokal anestezi altında karotis endarterektomi deneyimlerimizi, bu hasta grubunda bu yöntemin mortalite ve morbidite üzerine etkilerini sunmayı amaçlıyoruz. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2002-2017 yılları arasında karotis arter stenozu nedeniyle karotis endarterektomi işlemi uygulanan toplam 417 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Operasyonların tümü lokal infiltrasyon anestezisi ile aynı cerrah tarafından aynı standart teknik kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Operasyonların uygulandığı grupta yaş, cinsiyet, risk faktörleri, cerrahi endikasyonlar, tanı yöntemleri, shunt kullanımı, operasyon süresi, nörolojik olaylar, mortalite ve morbidite değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm hastalarda cerrahi endikasyon için stenoz derecesi >%70 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 64,6±11,3 yıl olarak hesaplandı. Kadın/erkek oranı 102/315’ti. Tüm hastalarda sigara en önemli risk faktörü olarak belirlendi. Diğer risk faktörleri sırasıyla hipertansiyon, diyabet, genetik faktörler ve hiperlipidemi idi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hasta grubunda iskemik kalp hastalığı, konjestif kalp yetmezliği, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, periferik arter hastalığı ve malignite mevcuttu. 346 hastada karotis arter stenozuna bağlı geçici iskemik ataktan kalıcı inmeye kadar çeşitli nörolojik semptomlar görülürken, geri kalan 71 hasta asemptomatikti. Operasyon sırasında hiçbir hastada mortalite ya da nörolojik olay ile karşılaşılmadı. Hastane içi mortalite1 hastada miyokard infarktüsü, 1 hastada intrakraniyal kanama ve 1 hastada dekompanse kalp yetmezliği olmak üzere 3 hastada gözlendi. Shunt kullanımı 31 (%7) hastada gerekti.Postoperatif ilk ay içinde hiçbir hastada majör nörolojik olay ile karşılaşılmadı. Sonuç: Karotis endarterektomi operasyonu artan tecrübe ile birlikte lokal anestezi kullanılarak güvenle gerçekleştirilebilir.

References

  • 1. Ugurlucan M, Akay HT, Erdinc I, Oztas DM, Conkbayir C, Aslim E, et al. Anticoagulation Strategy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Carotid Endarterectomy. Acta Chir Belg 2019;119(4):209-16. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Ugurlucan M, Filik ME, Caglar IM, Zencirci E, Sayin OA, Aydiner O, et al. Carotid endarterectomy using a “homeconstructed” shunt for patients intolerant to crossclamping. Surg Today 2015;45(3):284-9. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Bilen B, Sener LT, Albeniz I, Sezen M, Unlu MB, Ugurlucan M. Determination of Ultrastructural Properties of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy, Micro-Computer Tomography, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):679. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Beyaz MO, Ugurlucan M, Oztas DM, Meric M, Conkbayir C, Agacfidan A, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between plaque formation leading to symptomatic carotid artery stenosis and cytomegalovirus by investigating the virus DNA. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2019;4:e19-e24. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Kalko Y, Kafali E, Aydin U, Kafa U, Kosker T, Basaran M, et al. Surgery of the carotid artery: local anaesthesia versus general anaesthesia. Acta Chir Belg 2007;107(1):53-7. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Erdinç İ, Öztaş DM, Demir İ, Uğurlucan M, Akay HT. Atriyal fibrilasyon ve karotis arter darlığı birlikteliğinde karotis endarterektomi sonrası medikal tedavi deneyimi. Turk J Vasc Surg 2018;27(2):85-90.
  • 7. Öztaş DM, Uğurlucan M, Akay HT, Erdinç İ, Aydın K, Alpagut U. Atrial Fibrilasyonu Olan ve Karotis Endarterektomisi Geçiren Hastalarda Postoperatif Antikoagülan ve Antiagregan Stratejisi - Tek Merkez Tecrübesi. J Ist Faculty Med 2019;82(4):174-9. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Kanber EM, Ugurlucan M, Sahin M, Saribal D, Alpagut U. Do standard carotid artery endarterectomy and primary closure technique cause early restenosis in diabetic patients? Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2017;2:e103-e107. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Bereznyakova O, Dewar B, Dowlatshahi D, Howard V, Hamel C, Gocan S, et al. Benefit of carotid revascularisation for women with symptomatic carotid stenosis: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2019;9(11):e032140. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Öztaş DM, Uğurlucan M, Önal Y, Sencer S, Alpagut U. Lokalize internal karotis arter diseksiyonunda cerrahi tedavi. Turk J Vasc Surg 2018;27(3):154-8.
  • 11. Kim JW, Huh U, Song S, Sung SM, Hong JM, Cho A. Outcomes of Carotid Endarterectomy according to the Anesthetic Method: General versus Regional Anesthesia. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019;52(6):392-9. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Ugurlucan M, Onal Y, Oztas DM, Canbay C, Demir I, Sayin OA, et al. Cerebral Protection with a Temporary Ascending Aorta-External Carotid Artery Bypass during Common Carotid Artery Revascularization. Ann Vasc Surg 2018;46:368.e13-368.e17. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Kret MR, Young B, Moneta GL, Liem TK, Mitchell EL, Azarbal AF, et al. Results of routine shunting and patch closure during carotid endarterectomy. Am J Surg 2012;203(5):6137. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Ugurlucan M, Onal Y, Oztas DM, Sayin OA, Aydin K, Alpagut U. How to Clamp and Bypass if There Is Single Artery Supply to the Head and That Contains Severe Stenosis? Ann Thorac Surg 2017;103(3):e293-e295. [CrossRef]

EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Year 2021, Volume: 84 Issue: 1, 98 - 103, 15.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003

Abstract

Objective: The gold standard treatment of carotid artery stenosis is performed with open surgical methods with carotid endarterectomy. Surgical treatment can be performed under general anesthesia or regional cervical block, locoregional combined anesthesia or local anesthesia. In this article, we aimed to present our experience of carotid endarterectomy under local anesthesia and its effects on mortality and morbidity in this patient group. Material and Method: A total of 417 endarterectomy procedures for carotid artery stenosis between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. All operations were performed by the same surgeon using the same standard technique under local infiltration anesthesia. Age, sex, risk factors, surgical indications, diagnostic methods, shunt use, duration of operation, neurological events, mortality and morbidity were evaluated in the operation group. The degree of stenosis was accepted as >70% in all patients for surgical indication. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.6±11.3 years. The female / male ratio was 102/315. Smoking was the most important risk factor in all patients. Other risk factors were hypertension, diabetes, genetic factors and hyperlipidemia, respectively. The patients included in the study had different rates of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral artery disease and malignancy. 346 patients had various neurological symptoms ranging from transient ischemic attack due to carotid artery stenosis to persistent stroke, while the remaining 71 patients were asymptomatic. Mortality or neurological events did not occur during the operation. In-hospital mortality was seen in 3 patients: myocardial infarction in 1, intracranial hemorrhage in 1 and decompensated cardiac failure in one patient. Shunt usage was required in 31 (7%) patients. No major neurological event was encountered in any patient in the first postoperative month. Conclusion: Carotid endarterectomy can be performed safely with local anesthesia with increasing experience.

References

  • 1. Ugurlucan M, Akay HT, Erdinc I, Oztas DM, Conkbayir C, Aslim E, et al. Anticoagulation Strategy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Carotid Endarterectomy. Acta Chir Belg 2019;119(4):209-16. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Ugurlucan M, Filik ME, Caglar IM, Zencirci E, Sayin OA, Aydiner O, et al. Carotid endarterectomy using a “homeconstructed” shunt for patients intolerant to crossclamping. Surg Today 2015;45(3):284-9. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Bilen B, Sener LT, Albeniz I, Sezen M, Unlu MB, Ugurlucan M. Determination of Ultrastructural Properties of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy, Micro-Computer Tomography, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):679. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Beyaz MO, Ugurlucan M, Oztas DM, Meric M, Conkbayir C, Agacfidan A, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between plaque formation leading to symptomatic carotid artery stenosis and cytomegalovirus by investigating the virus DNA. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2019;4:e19-e24. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Kalko Y, Kafali E, Aydin U, Kafa U, Kosker T, Basaran M, et al. Surgery of the carotid artery: local anaesthesia versus general anaesthesia. Acta Chir Belg 2007;107(1):53-7. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Erdinç İ, Öztaş DM, Demir İ, Uğurlucan M, Akay HT. Atriyal fibrilasyon ve karotis arter darlığı birlikteliğinde karotis endarterektomi sonrası medikal tedavi deneyimi. Turk J Vasc Surg 2018;27(2):85-90.
  • 7. Öztaş DM, Uğurlucan M, Akay HT, Erdinç İ, Aydın K, Alpagut U. Atrial Fibrilasyonu Olan ve Karotis Endarterektomisi Geçiren Hastalarda Postoperatif Antikoagülan ve Antiagregan Stratejisi - Tek Merkez Tecrübesi. J Ist Faculty Med 2019;82(4):174-9. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Kanber EM, Ugurlucan M, Sahin M, Saribal D, Alpagut U. Do standard carotid artery endarterectomy and primary closure technique cause early restenosis in diabetic patients? Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2017;2:e103-e107. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Bereznyakova O, Dewar B, Dowlatshahi D, Howard V, Hamel C, Gocan S, et al. Benefit of carotid revascularisation for women with symptomatic carotid stenosis: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2019;9(11):e032140. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Öztaş DM, Uğurlucan M, Önal Y, Sencer S, Alpagut U. Lokalize internal karotis arter diseksiyonunda cerrahi tedavi. Turk J Vasc Surg 2018;27(3):154-8.
  • 11. Kim JW, Huh U, Song S, Sung SM, Hong JM, Cho A. Outcomes of Carotid Endarterectomy according to the Anesthetic Method: General versus Regional Anesthesia. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019;52(6):392-9. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Ugurlucan M, Onal Y, Oztas DM, Canbay C, Demir I, Sayin OA, et al. Cerebral Protection with a Temporary Ascending Aorta-External Carotid Artery Bypass during Common Carotid Artery Revascularization. Ann Vasc Surg 2018;46:368.e13-368.e17. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Kret MR, Young B, Moneta GL, Liem TK, Mitchell EL, Azarbal AF, et al. Results of routine shunting and patch closure during carotid endarterectomy. Am J Surg 2012;203(5):6137. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Ugurlucan M, Onal Y, Oztas DM, Sayin OA, Aydin K, Alpagut U. How to Clamp and Bypass if There Is Single Artery Supply to the Head and That Contains Severe Stenosis? Ann Thorac Surg 2017;103(3):e293-e295. [CrossRef]
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section RESEARCH
Authors

Orçun Ünal This is me 0000-0002-4132-0356

Publication Date January 15, 2021
Submission Date November 11, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 84 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ünal, O. (2021). LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 84(1), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003
AMA Ünal O. LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI. İst Tıp Fak Derg. January 2021;84(1):98-103. doi:10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003
Chicago Ünal, Orçun. “LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84, no. 1 (January 2021): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003.
EndNote Ünal O (January 1, 2021) LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84 1 98–103.
IEEE O. Ünal, “LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI”, İst Tıp Fak Derg, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 98–103, 2021, doi: 10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003.
ISNAD Ünal, Orçun. “LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84/1 (January 2021), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003.
JAMA Ünal O. LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2021;84:98–103.
MLA Ünal, Orçun. “LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 84, no. 1, 2021, pp. 98-103, doi:10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003.
Vancouver Ünal O. LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2021;84(1):98-103.

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