Evaluation of disease and medication knowledge levels of diabetic patients

Year 2023, , 103 - 109, 30.08.2023

Rashida Muhammad Umar , Busra Nur Cattik , Selim Aslan

https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1180952

Abstract

Background and Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a public health problem with a significant economic burden to society. Patient attitude is a significant determinant of adherence and clinical outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the disease and medication knowledge level of diabetic patients and possible patient-related predictive factors.
Methods: Adult diabetic patients were included in the study. Patients’ demographic and health-related data were collected using a pre-prepared form. Two questionnaires, KAP knowledge tool and Medication Assessment tool were used to assess the disease and medication knowledge levels of patients.
Results: The mean age of 159 patients was 54.44±12.24 years. The disease and medication knowledge scores were high with an average of 13.9±1.74 and 5.26±0.53, respectively. Higher scores were linked to being male (p=0.042; p=0.007) and higher educational status (p<0.001; p=0.006). Lower scores were recorded in patients with comorbidities (p=0.002; p<0.001), older patients (p<0.001), longer disease duration (p<0.001; p=0.009), longer antidiabetic drug use (p<0.001; p=0.009) and using more drugs (p=0.002; p=0.006). None of the patients could mention any possible side effects of their medications.
Conclusion: It can be deduced that patient-related factors are significant predictors of patients’ disease and medication knowledge. Patient-specific education in addition to rational pharmacological intervention is necessary to achieve better clinical outcomes.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, disease knowledge, medication knowledge, patient factors

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

References

• Abdulrhim, S., Sankaralingam, S., Ibrahim, M. I. M., and Awaisu, A. (2020). The Impact of Pharmacist Care on Diabetes Outcomes in Primary Care Settings: An Umbrella Review of Published System-atic Reviews. Primary Care Diabetes, 14(5), 393-400. google scholar
• Akin, A. I. (2013). Quality Of Life, Illness Knowledge Level, Illness Perception And Style Of Coping With Stress In People (Masters thesis, Okan University, Istanbul). Retrieved from http://earsiv. okan.edu.tr/xmlui/browse?type=author&value=Asena+%C4%B0 rem%2C+AKIN google scholar
• Al-Adsani, A.M.S., Moussa, M.A.A., Al-Jasem, L.I., Abdella, N.A., Al-Hamad, N.M. (2009). The Level and Determinants of Diabetes Knowledge in Kuwaiti Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes and Metabolism, 35(2), 121-28. google scholar
• Albright, T. L., M. Parchman, and S. K. Burge. (2001). Predictors of Self-Care Behavior in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An RRNeST Study. Family Medicine, 33(5), 354-60. google scholar
• American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Commit-tee (2022). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care; 45(Suppl. 1), 144-S174 google scholar
• Brown, Marie T., and Jennifer K. Bussell. (2011). Medication Adher-ence: WHO Cares? Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 86(4), 304-14. google scholar
• Bukhsh, A., Khan, T.M., Nawaz, M.S., Ahmed, H. S., Chan, K. G., Lee, L., and Goh, B. (2018). Association of Diabetes-Related Self-Care Activities with Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Pakistan. Patient Preference and Adherence, 12, 2437-47. google scholar
• Bukhsh, A., Khan, T.M., Nawaz, M.S., Ahmed, H. S., Chan, K. G., and Goh, B. (2019). Association of Diabetes Knowledge with Glyce-mic Control and Self-Care Practices among Pakistani People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obe-sity: Targets and Therapy, 12, 1409-17. google scholar
• Gast, Alina, and Tim Mathes. (2019). Medication Adherence Influ-encing Factors - An (Updated) Overview of Systematic Reviews. Systematic Reviews, 8(1), 1-17. google scholar
• Guler, N., and Oguz, S. (2011). The Spoken Knowledge of Low Literacy in Patients with Diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 92(2), 238-43. google scholar
• He, X., and Wharrad. H.J. (2007). Diabetes Knowledge and Glyce-mic Control among Chinese People with Type 2 Diabetes. Inter-national Nursing Review, 54(3), 280-87. google scholar
• International Diabetes Federation (2019). IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th. google scholar
• Korcegez, E.I., Sancar, M., and Demirkan, K. (2017). Effect of a Pharma-cist-Led Program on Improving Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from Northern Cyprus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy, 23(5), 573-582 google scholar
• Milosavljevic, A., Aspden, T. and Harrison, J. (2018). Community Pharmacist-Led Interventions and Their Impact on Patients’ Medi-cation Adherence and Other Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 26(5), 387-97. google scholar
• Muhammad Haskani, N.H., Goh, H.P., Wee, D.V.T., Hermansyah, A., Goh, K.W., Ming, L.C. (2022). Medication Knowledge and Adher-ence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Brunei Darussalam: A Pioneer Study in Brunei Darussalam. International Journal of Envi-ronmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7470. google scholar
• Newman, T.V., San-Juan-Rodriguez, A., Parekh, N., Swart, E.C.S, Klein-Fedyshin, M., Shrank, W.H., Hernandez, I. (2020). Impact of Community Pharmacist-Led Interventions in Chronic Disease Management on Clinical, Utilization, and Economic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review. Research in Social and Administrative Phar-macy, 16(9), 1155-65. google scholar
• Okuyan, B., Sancar, M. and Izzettin, F.V. (2013). Assessment of Med-ication Knowledge and Adherence among Patients under Oral Chronic Medication Treatment in Community Pharmacy Settings. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 22(2), 209-14 google scholar
• Quinton, A., Lewis, P., Ali, P., Morgan, C. and Bertelli, G. (2013). A Comparison of Measured and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate for Carboplatin Dose Calculation in Stage I Testicular Semi-noma. Medical Oncology, 30(3) :661. google scholar
• World Health Organization. (2003). Adherence to long-term ther-apies: evidence for action. World Health Organization. https:// apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42682 google scholar
• Saeedi, P., Petersohn, I., Salpea, P., Malanda, B., Karuranga, S., Un-win, N.,... Williams, R., (2019). Global and Regional Diabetes Prev-alence Estimates for 2019 and Projections for 2030 and 2045: Re-sults from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 157, 107843. google scholar
• Satman, I., Omer, B. Tutuncu, Y. Kalaca, S., Gedik, S., Dinccag, N., .Tuomiletho, J. (2013). Twelve-Year Trends in the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes and Prediabetes in Turkish Adults. Euro-pean Journal of Epidemiology, 28(2), 169-80. google scholar
• Shrivastava, S. R., Shrivastava, P.S., and Ramasamy, J. (2013). Role of Self-Care in Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 12(14), 1-5. google scholar
• Sweileh, W.M., Zyoud, S.H., Abu Nab’a, R.J. Deleq, M.I., Enaia, M.I., Nassar, S.M., Al-Jabi, S.W. (2014). Influence of Patients’ Disease Knowledge and Beliefs about Medicines on Medication Adher-ence: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Palestine. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1-8. google scholar