An Investigation into the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students Regarding Oral and Emergency Contraceptives

Year 2025, Volume: 55 Issue: 3, 444 - 454, 14.01.2026

Dilara Bayram Özgür , Somaya Muhtar

https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2025.1569116

https://izlik.org/JA75CX92UX

Abstract

Background: Oral contraceptives (OCPs) and emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are essential components of reproductive healthcare; however, knowledge gaps and misconceptions among healthcare professionals can impact patient care.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between January and April 2024 with 74 participants, including pharmacists and pharmacy students. Data were analysed using SPSS-23 with descriptive and inferential statistics. Key variables included knowledge, attitudes, and dispensing practices related to OCPs and ECPs. Associations were evaluated using Chi-square tests, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and t-tests.

Results: Most respondents were female (75.7%) and aged 18–29 years (85.1%). Confidence levels varied, with mean scores of 2.31±1.16 for identifying interaction potential with herbal supplements and 2.77±1.29 for educating patients on different contraceptive methods. Knowledge gaps were evident: 37.8% incorrectly identified or were unsure of the mechanism of action of ECPs, and 24.3% for OCPs. Females were more likely to communicate risks to patients. Variation was observed in routinely asking about smoking status (p=0.077) and informing patients about serious complications associated with OCP use (p=0.047). Additionally, 48.6% correctly identified the optimal timing for ECP administration. Overall confidence in understanding OCPs and ECPs was reflected in respective mean scores of 2.54±1.19 and 2.59±1.06.

Conclusion: The study highlights significant gaps in knowledge and practice regarding contraceptive counselling, particularly on ECPs. Our study findings underscore the need for enhanced pharmacist education and continuous professional training. Reforming curricula and enhancing public health education could help bridge these gaps, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing misconceptions about contraceptive use.

Keywords

Oral contraceptive pills , Emergency contraceptive pills , Pharmacist education , Contraceptive counselling

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