Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets

Şule Cebecioğlu; Aysel Yılmaz; Onur Pınarbaslı; Sevgi Takka

doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592

Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets

Abstract

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to develop flurbiprofen-loaded pharmaceutical filaments using the HME technique, transform the filaments into pellets of appropriate size for capsule filling, and compare the drug release profile of the capsules with commercially available extended-release flurbiprofen capsules in the Turkish market. This study offers significant potential for industrial applicability and scalability by using the HME technique as an innovative production method and improving the solubility and release profile of flurbiprofen.

Methods: Flurbiprofen-loaded filaments were fabricated using the HME technique at 110°C. Filaments were characterised through thermal, molecular, and crystallinity analyses. Drug release studies were systematically conducted in comparison with commercially available flurbiprofen preparations.

Results: Filaments were successfully obtained using the HME technique. The excipients incorporated into the formulations were confirmed to be compatible with flurbiprofen. DSC and XRD analyses showed the transformation of flurbiprofen into an amorphous form. The F2 formulation demonstrated compliance with zero-order release kinetics and exhibited a dissolution profile comparable to that of commercial preparations.

Conclusion: In this study, flurbiprofen-loaded filaments were produced via the HME technique, filled into capsules, and compared with four commercial flurbiprofen capsules. The F2 formulation exhibited a release profile similar to commercial products, following zero-order kinetics. The findings revealed the feasibility of the HME technique for developing capsule dosage forms through filament production, while indicating that the F2 formulation could be considered an alternative to commercial preparations.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Şule Cebecioğlu
0009-0006-6246-4072
Türkiye

Aysel Yılmaz
0000-0001-8874-1521
Türkiye

Onur Pınarbaslı
0000-0001-7091-683X
Türkiye

Sevgi Takka ^*
0000-0001-6451-0497
Türkiye

Publication Date

May 21, 2026

Submission Date

September 23, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 21, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 56 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA85SX37MW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Cebecioğlu, Ş., Yılmaz, A., Pınarbaslı, O., & Takka, S. (2026). Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 56(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592

AMA

1.Cebecioğlu Ş, Yılmaz A, Pınarbaslı O, Takka S. Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets. iujp. 2026;56(1):8-16. doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592

Chicago

Cebecioğlu, Şule, Aysel Yılmaz, Onur Pınarbaslı, and Sevgi Takka. 2026. “Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 56 (1): 8-16. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592.

EndNote

Cebecioğlu Ş, Yılmaz A, Pınarbaslı O, Takka S (May 1, 2026) Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 56 1 8–16.

IEEE

[1]Ş. Cebecioğlu, A. Yılmaz, O. Pınarbaslı, and S. Takka, “Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets”, iujp, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 8–16, May 2026, doi: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592.

ISNAD

Cebecioğlu, Şule - Yılmaz, Aysel - Pınarbaslı, Onur - Takka, Sevgi. “Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 56/1 (May 1, 2026): 8-16. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592.

JAMA

1.Cebecioğlu Ş, Yılmaz A, Pınarbaslı O, Takka S. Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets. iujp. 2026;56:8–16.

MLA

Cebecioğlu, Şule, et al. “Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 56, no. 1, May 2026, pp. 8-16, doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592.

Vancouver

1.Şule Cebecioğlu, Aysel Yılmaz, Onur Pınarbaslı, Sevgi Takka. Development of Zero-Order Sustained-Release Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Flurbiprofen-Loaded Pellets. iujp. 2026 May 1;56(1):8-16. doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2026.1789592