Comparative morphological, fruit anatomical and micromorphological studies of two Trinia species

Abstract

Background and Aims: The aim of the present study was to review and compare the morphological, micromorphological, and anatomical characteristics between Trinia scabra Boiss. & Noe and T. glauca (L.) Dumort. Methods: The fruit micromorphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy. For anatomical studies, the Paraffin method was used. Transverse sections were cut using a rotary microtome and then were stained with safranin. Results: Expanded descriptions, phenologies, geographic distributions, and photos of the T. scabra and T. glauca are provided and the differences between the two species are discussed. The morphological, micromorphological, and anatomical characteristics of T. glauca and T. scabra are presented. Fruit anatomy is the best discriminating characteristic between the two species, which is entirely different in each. There is one vallecular vitta and there are two commissural vittae in T. scabra, but one to three vallecular vittae and one to two commissural vittae in T. glauca. The vittae are relatively large in T. scabra but small in T. glauca. There are no sclerenchyma cells toward the end of the ribs in T. scabra although they are found toward the end of the ribs in T. glauca. Also, the presence of T. leiogona C.A.Mey in Turkey has been reported by Grossgeim in Flora Kavkaza and confirmed our study.

Keywords

• Trinia,morphology,Apiaceae,Turkey

References

1. • Aizpuru, I., Aseginolaza, C., Uribe-Echebarría, P. M., Urrutia, P., & Zorrakin, I. (1999). Claves Fl. País Vasco. Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco. Vitoria-Gasteiz
2. • Ajani, Y., Ajani, A., Cordes, J. M., Watson, M. F., & Downie, S. R (2008). Phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences reveals relationships within five groups of Iranian Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. Taxon, 57, 383–401.
3. • Boissier, E. (1872). Trinia Hoffm. In E. Boissier (Ed.), Flora orientalis, (Vol. 2, pp. 852–853). Geneva, Switzerland: H. Georg.
4. • Brummit, R. K., & Powell, C. E. (1992). Authors of plant names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
5. • de Candolle, A. P. (1830). Umbelliferae. In A. P. de Candolle (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis (Vol. 4, pp. 55– 250). Paris, France: Treüttel & Würtz.
6. • Cannon, J. F. M. (1968). Trinia Hoffm. In T. G. Tutin, V. H. Heywood, N. A. Burges, D. M. Moore, D. H. Valentine, S. M. Walters & D. A. Webb (Eds.), Flora Europaea, (Vol 2, pp. 350–351). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
7. • Downie, S. R., Spalik, K., Katz-Downie, D. S., & Reduron, J. P. (2010). Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 128, 111–136.
8. • Fedoronchuk, N. M. (1978). The study of fruit anatomy of some species of Trinia, Rumia and Ledebouriella (Apiaceae) for the aims of their systematics. Botanicheskiizhurnal, 63(8), 1102–1120.

9. • Ferrer-Gallego, P. P., Gomez-Navarro. J., Rosello-Gimeno, R., Jury, S., Laguna-Lumbreras, E., Guillen-Bas, A., & Peris-Gisbert, J. (2013). El tipo nomenclatural de Trinia dufourii DC. (Umbelliferae). Flora Montiberica, 55, 81–85.
10. • Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., & Babaç, M. T. (Ed.). (2012). Türkiye bitkileri listesi (Damarlı bitkiler) [Turkey plant list (Vascular plants)]. Istanbul, Turkey: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırma Derneği Yayını.
11. • Gómez-Navarro, J., Roselló, R., Laguna, E., Ferrer-Gallego, P. P., Peris, J. B., Guillén, A., Valdés, A., & Sanchis, E. (2015). Trinia castroviejoi (Umbelliferae), Especie nueva descrita para el sudeste de la península Ibérica. Sabuco, 11, 11–38.
12. • Grossheim, A. A. (1967). Flora Kavkaza, (vol 7, p. 75). Leningrad, Russia: Nauk. • Hedge, C., & Lamond, J. M. (1972). Trinia Hoffm. In P. H. Davis (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Island, (vol. 4, pp. 418–419). Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press.
13. • Jury, S. L. (2003). Trinia Hoffm. In A. Herrero Nieto, S. Leonard, & N.F. Gonzalo (Eds.) Flora Iberica, (vol 10, pp. 265–269). AraliaceaeUmbelliferae. Madrid, Spain: Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC.
14. • Shner, J. V., Pimenov, M. G., & Kljuykov, E. V. (2004). Mediterranean chromosome number reports. In G. Kamari, C. Blanche, & F. Garbari (Eds.) Flora Mediterranea, 14, 423–453.
15. • Ledebour, K. F. V. (1844). Flora Rossicasive, Enumeratio plantarum in totius imperii Rossici provinciis Europaeis, Asiaticis et Americanishucusqueobservatarum, (vol 2). Stuttgartiae: Sumptibus Librariae E. Schweizerbart.
16. • Ledebour, K. F. v., Meyer, C. A., & Bunge, A. v. (1829). Flora Altaica, (vol 1). Berolini G. Reimeri.
17. • Pimenov, M. G., & Leonov, M. V. (1993). The genera of the Umbelliferae. Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens.
18. • Rechinger, K. H. (1987) Trinia. In K. H. Rechinger, & I. C. Hedge (Eds.), Flora Iranica, (vol 162, pp. 343–344). Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck and Verlagsanstalt.
19. • She, M. L., Pu, F. T., Pan, Z. H., Watson, M. F., Cannon, J. F. M., Holmes Smith, I., Kljuykov, E. V., Phillippe, L. R., & Pimenov, M. G. (2005). Apiaceae. In: Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (Eds.), Flora of China (pp. 1–205). Saint Louis: Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
20. • Shishkin, B. K. (1951). Trinia Hoffm. In B. K. Shishkin (Ed.), Flora of USSR, (vol 16, pp. 251–257). Moskow & Leningrad, Russia: Akademi Nauk SSSR.
21. • Uribe-Echebarría, P. M. (1990) Trinia dufourii DC. y T. esteparia Uribe-Echebarría son la misma especie. Estudios del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava, 5, 73–75.
22. • Wolff, H. (1910). Trinia Hoffm. In A. Engler (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich: regni vegetablilis conspectus (pp. 179–191). Leipzig, Germany: W. Engelmann.