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Evli Bireylerin Evlilik Içi Tecavüz Olgusu Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 19 - 49, 21.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2020.20.0002

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, evli bireylerin evlilik içi tecavüze ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla beşi kadın, beşi erkek olmak üzere on bireyden görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 12 açık uçlu sorunun yer aldığı bir görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada “Evlilikte Cinsellik” ve “Evlilik İçi Tecavüz” olarak adlandırılan iki temel alan ve bu temel alanlar içerisinde yer alan temalar ve alt temalar belirlenmiştir. Evlilik içi tecavüzün tanımı, nedenleri, etkileri, mağdura ve faile yönelik tanımlamalar ve tutumlar gibi konularda katılımcıların görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ilgili alan yazın çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen temalar, literatürdeki başka nitel çalışmaların temalarıyla benzeşmektedir. Bu çalışmanın evlilik içi tecavüze neden olan ve bunu pekiştiren olumsuz tutum ve davranışların ortadan kaldırılması için evlilik ve aile alanında yetkili kuruluşlarca yürütülecek çeşitli projelere ve uygulamalara katlı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Altınay, A. G. ve Arat, Y. (2007). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik şiddet. İstanbul: Punto Baskı Çözümleri.
  • Auster, C. J. ve Leone, J. M. (2001). Late adolescents’ perspective on marital rape: the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership. Adolescence,36(141), 141−152.
  • Basile, K. C. (1999). Rape by acquiescence: the ways in which women “give in” to unwanted sex with their husbands. Violence Against Women,5(9), 1036−1058.
  • Basile, K. C. (2002). Prevalence of wife rape and other intimate partner sexual coercion in a nationally representative sample of women. Violence and Victims,17(5), 511−524.
  • Bennice, J. A. ve Resick, P. A. (2003). Marital rape: history, research, and practice. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse,4(3), 228−246.
  • Bennice, J. A., Resick, P. A., Mechanic, M. ve Astin, M. (2003). The relative effects of intimate partner physical and sexual violence on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptomatology. Violence and Victims,18(1), 87−94.
  • Bergen, R. K. (1996). Wife rape: understanding the response of survivors and service providers.Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Bilen, M. (2009). Sağlıklı insan ilişkileri: ailede, kurumlarda, toplumda. Ankara: Anı Yayınları.
  • Bowker, L. H. (1983). Marital rape: a distinct syndrome? Social Casework: The Journal of Social Work, 64(6), 347-352.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Campbell, J. C. ve Soeken, K. L. (1999). Forced sex and intimate partner violence: effects on women’s risk and women’s health. Violence Against Women,5(9), 1017−1035.
  • Civelek, E. (2013). Önsöz. Aile içi şiddetle mücadele el kitabı içinde (2-3). Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Coker, A. L., Smith, P. H., McKeown, R. E. ve King, M. J. (2000). Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: physical, sexual, and psychological battering. American Journal of Public Health,90(4), 553−559.
  • Culbertson, K. A. ve Dehle, C. (2001). Impact of sexual assault as a function of perpetrator type. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(10), 992−1007.
  • Dienemann, J., Boyle, E., Baker, D., Resnick, W., Wiederhorn, N. ve Campbell, J. (2000). Intimate partner abuse among women diagnosed with depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 21(5), 499−513.
  • Dönmez, B. ve Demirtaş, H. (2009). Lise öğretmenlerinin boyun eğici davranışlarına ilişkin algıları. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 17(2), 445-456.
  • Dutton, M. A., Goodman, L. A. ve Bennett L. (1999). Court-involved battered women’s responses to violence: the role of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse. Violence and Victims, 14(1), 89-104.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2005). Multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses. Geneva: WHO Publications.
  • European Union Agency For Fundamental Rights (FRA) (2014). Violence against women: an EU-wide survey main results. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Finkelhor, D. ve Yllo, K. (1982). Forced sex in marriage: a preliminary research report. Crime and Delinquency,28(3), 459−478.
  • Frese, B., Moya, M. ve Megias, J. L. (2004). Social perception of rape: How rape myth acceptance modulates the influence of situational factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence,19(2), 143−161.
  • Frieze, I. H. (1983). Investigating the causes and consequences of marital rape. Sings: Journal of Women in Culture and Society,8(3), 532−553.
  • Gilbert, P. ve Allan, S. (1994). Assertiveness, submissive behaviour, and social comparison. British Journal of Clinical Psychology,33 (3), 295-306.
  • Hanneke, C. R. ve Shields, N. M. (1985). Marital rape: implications for the helping professions. Social Casework: The Journal of Social Work, 66(8), 541-458.J
  • ohnson, H. (2003). The cessation of assaults on wives. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 34(1), 75−91.
  • Kısaç, İ. (1999). Erkeklik rolü normları. Mesleki Eğitim Dergisi, 1(2), 83-93.
  • Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J. ve Monson, C. M. (1998). Marital rape: is the crime taken seriously without co - occurring physical abuse? Journal of Family Violence, 13(4), 433−443.
  • Litzinger, S. ve Gordon, K. C. (2005). Exploring relationships among communication, sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 31(5), 409-424.
  • Malamuth, N. M., Linz, D., Heavey, C. L., Barnes, G. ve Acker, M. (1995). Using the confluence model of sexual aggression to predict men’s conflict with women: a 10-year follow-up study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(2), 353−369.
  • Marshall, A. D. ve Holtzworth-Munroe, A. (2002). Varying forms of husband sexual aggression: predictors and subgroup differences. Journal of Family Psychology, 16(3), 286−296.
  • Martin, E. K., Taft, C. T. ve Resick, P. A. (2007). A review of marital rape. Aggression and Violent Behaviour,12, 329-347.
  • Mayer, F. S. ve Sutton, K. (1996). Personality: an integrative approach. New Joursey: Prentice Hall.
  • McFarlane, J., Malecha, A., Watson, K., Gist, J., Batten, E., Hall, I. ve Smith, S. (2005). Intimate partner sexual assault against women: frequency, health consequences, and treatment outcomes. Obstetrics and Gynecology,105(1), 99−108.
  • McNulty, J. K., Wenner, C. A. ve Fisher, T. D. (2014). Longitudinal associations among relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and frequency of sex in early marriage. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(1), 85-97.
  • Meyer, S. L., Vivian, D. ve O’Leary, K. D. (1998). Men’s sexual aggression in marriage: couples’ reports. Violence Against Women, 4(4), 415−435.
  • Monson, C. M. ve Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J. (1998). Sexual and nonsexual marital aggression: legal considerations, epidemiology, and an integrated typology of perpetrators. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 3(4), 369−389.
  • Oktan, A. (2008). Türk sinemasında hegemonik erkeklikten erkeklik krizine: yazı-tura ve erkeklik bunalımının sınırları. Selçuk İletişim, 5(2), 152-166.
  • Russell, D. (1990). Rape in marriage. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Shotland, R. L. ve Goodstein, L. (1992). Sexual precedence reduces the perceived legitimacy of sexual refusal: an examination of attributions concerning date rape and consensual sex. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(6), 756-764.
  • Simonson, K. ve Subich, L. M. (1999). Rape perceptions as a function of gender-role traditionality and victim–perpetrator association. Sex Roles, 40, 617−634.
  • Sullivan, J. P. ve Mosher, D. L. (1990). Acceptance of guided imagery of marital rape as a function of macho personality. Violence and Victims, 5(4), 275-286.
  • Şentürk, Ü. (2012). Popülerleşen kadın ve çocuğa yönelik şiddetin kültürel dayanağı. Uluslar arası Katılımlı Kadına ve Çocuğa Karşı Şiddet Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı Birinci Cilt içinde (389-401). Ankara: Mutlu Çocuklar Derneği Yayınları.
  • T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) (2008). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet. Ankara: Elma Teknik Basım Matbaacılık.T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) (2014). Türkiye’de kadına yönelikaile içi şiddet araştırması. Ankara: Elma Teknik Basım Matbaacılık.
  • Uluslararası Af Örgütü (2004). Kadına yönelik şiddet sayacı-istatistiki bilgiler-özet. http://www.amnesty.org.tr/icerik/50/42/kadina-yonelik-siddet-sayaciistatistiki-bilgiler-ozet adresinden erişildi.
  • Vogel, L. C. ve Marshall, L. L. (2001). PTSD symptoms and partner abuse: low income women at risk. Journal of Traumatic Stress,14(3), 569−584.
  • Walker, L. (1994). Abused women and survivor therapy: a practical guide for the psychotherapist. Washington: APA.
  • Whatley, M. A. (2005). The effect of participant sex, victim dress, and traditional attitudes on causal judgments for marital rape victims. Journal of Family Violence, 20(3), 191-200.
  • Yaşın-Dökmen, Z. (2004). Toplumsal cinsiyet: sosyal psikolojik açıklamalar. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2000). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yoo, H., Bartle-Haring, S., Day, R. ve Gangamma, R. (2014). Couple communication, emotional and sexual intimacy, and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 40(4), 275-93.
  • Youn, G. (2009). Marital and sexual conflicts in elderly korean people. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 35(3), 220-238.

Married Individuals’ Opinions on the case of Marital Rape: A Qualitative Study

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 19 - 49, 21.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2020.20.0002

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of married individuals about marital rape. For this purpose, data were collected from ten individuals, five females and five males, using the interview method. An interview form with 12 open-ended questions was prepared as a data collection tool. The content analysis method was used for data analysis. In this study, two main areas, namely “Sexuality in Marriage” and “Marital Rape”, and the themes and sub-themes within these core areas, were determined. Participants’ views on the definition, causes, and effects of marital rape, as well as the definitions of and attitudes towards victim and perpetrator were given. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature and suggestions were made. The themes obtained from the study are similar to the themes of other qualitative studies in the literature. The study will enable multiple projects and practices to be carried out by authorized institutions in the field of marriage and family to eliminate negative attitudes and behaviors that cause and reinforce marital rape.

References

  • Altınay, A. G. ve Arat, Y. (2007). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik şiddet. İstanbul: Punto Baskı Çözümleri.
  • Auster, C. J. ve Leone, J. M. (2001). Late adolescents’ perspective on marital rape: the impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership. Adolescence,36(141), 141−152.
  • Basile, K. C. (1999). Rape by acquiescence: the ways in which women “give in” to unwanted sex with their husbands. Violence Against Women,5(9), 1036−1058.
  • Basile, K. C. (2002). Prevalence of wife rape and other intimate partner sexual coercion in a nationally representative sample of women. Violence and Victims,17(5), 511−524.
  • Bennice, J. A. ve Resick, P. A. (2003). Marital rape: history, research, and practice. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse,4(3), 228−246.
  • Bennice, J. A., Resick, P. A., Mechanic, M. ve Astin, M. (2003). The relative effects of intimate partner physical and sexual violence on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptomatology. Violence and Victims,18(1), 87−94.
  • Bergen, R. K. (1996). Wife rape: understanding the response of survivors and service providers.Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Bilen, M. (2009). Sağlıklı insan ilişkileri: ailede, kurumlarda, toplumda. Ankara: Anı Yayınları.
  • Bowker, L. H. (1983). Marital rape: a distinct syndrome? Social Casework: The Journal of Social Work, 64(6), 347-352.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Campbell, J. C. ve Soeken, K. L. (1999). Forced sex and intimate partner violence: effects on women’s risk and women’s health. Violence Against Women,5(9), 1017−1035.
  • Civelek, E. (2013). Önsöz. Aile içi şiddetle mücadele el kitabı içinde (2-3). Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Coker, A. L., Smith, P. H., McKeown, R. E. ve King, M. J. (2000). Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: physical, sexual, and psychological battering. American Journal of Public Health,90(4), 553−559.
  • Culbertson, K. A. ve Dehle, C. (2001). Impact of sexual assault as a function of perpetrator type. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(10), 992−1007.
  • Dienemann, J., Boyle, E., Baker, D., Resnick, W., Wiederhorn, N. ve Campbell, J. (2000). Intimate partner abuse among women diagnosed with depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 21(5), 499−513.
  • Dönmez, B. ve Demirtaş, H. (2009). Lise öğretmenlerinin boyun eğici davranışlarına ilişkin algıları. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 17(2), 445-456.
  • Dutton, M. A., Goodman, L. A. ve Bennett L. (1999). Court-involved battered women’s responses to violence: the role of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse. Violence and Victims, 14(1), 89-104.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2005). Multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses. Geneva: WHO Publications.
  • European Union Agency For Fundamental Rights (FRA) (2014). Violence against women: an EU-wide survey main results. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Finkelhor, D. ve Yllo, K. (1982). Forced sex in marriage: a preliminary research report. Crime and Delinquency,28(3), 459−478.
  • Frese, B., Moya, M. ve Megias, J. L. (2004). Social perception of rape: How rape myth acceptance modulates the influence of situational factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence,19(2), 143−161.
  • Frieze, I. H. (1983). Investigating the causes and consequences of marital rape. Sings: Journal of Women in Culture and Society,8(3), 532−553.
  • Gilbert, P. ve Allan, S. (1994). Assertiveness, submissive behaviour, and social comparison. British Journal of Clinical Psychology,33 (3), 295-306.
  • Hanneke, C. R. ve Shields, N. M. (1985). Marital rape: implications for the helping professions. Social Casework: The Journal of Social Work, 66(8), 541-458.J
  • ohnson, H. (2003). The cessation of assaults on wives. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 34(1), 75−91.
  • Kısaç, İ. (1999). Erkeklik rolü normları. Mesleki Eğitim Dergisi, 1(2), 83-93.
  • Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J. ve Monson, C. M. (1998). Marital rape: is the crime taken seriously without co - occurring physical abuse? Journal of Family Violence, 13(4), 433−443.
  • Litzinger, S. ve Gordon, K. C. (2005). Exploring relationships among communication, sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 31(5), 409-424.
  • Malamuth, N. M., Linz, D., Heavey, C. L., Barnes, G. ve Acker, M. (1995). Using the confluence model of sexual aggression to predict men’s conflict with women: a 10-year follow-up study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(2), 353−369.
  • Marshall, A. D. ve Holtzworth-Munroe, A. (2002). Varying forms of husband sexual aggression: predictors and subgroup differences. Journal of Family Psychology, 16(3), 286−296.
  • Martin, E. K., Taft, C. T. ve Resick, P. A. (2007). A review of marital rape. Aggression and Violent Behaviour,12, 329-347.
  • Mayer, F. S. ve Sutton, K. (1996). Personality: an integrative approach. New Joursey: Prentice Hall.
  • McFarlane, J., Malecha, A., Watson, K., Gist, J., Batten, E., Hall, I. ve Smith, S. (2005). Intimate partner sexual assault against women: frequency, health consequences, and treatment outcomes. Obstetrics and Gynecology,105(1), 99−108.
  • McNulty, J. K., Wenner, C. A. ve Fisher, T. D. (2014). Longitudinal associations among relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and frequency of sex in early marriage. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(1), 85-97.
  • Meyer, S. L., Vivian, D. ve O’Leary, K. D. (1998). Men’s sexual aggression in marriage: couples’ reports. Violence Against Women, 4(4), 415−435.
  • Monson, C. M. ve Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J. (1998). Sexual and nonsexual marital aggression: legal considerations, epidemiology, and an integrated typology of perpetrators. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 3(4), 369−389.
  • Oktan, A. (2008). Türk sinemasında hegemonik erkeklikten erkeklik krizine: yazı-tura ve erkeklik bunalımının sınırları. Selçuk İletişim, 5(2), 152-166.
  • Russell, D. (1990). Rape in marriage. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Shotland, R. L. ve Goodstein, L. (1992). Sexual precedence reduces the perceived legitimacy of sexual refusal: an examination of attributions concerning date rape and consensual sex. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(6), 756-764.
  • Simonson, K. ve Subich, L. M. (1999). Rape perceptions as a function of gender-role traditionality and victim–perpetrator association. Sex Roles, 40, 617−634.
  • Sullivan, J. P. ve Mosher, D. L. (1990). Acceptance of guided imagery of marital rape as a function of macho personality. Violence and Victims, 5(4), 275-286.
  • Şentürk, Ü. (2012). Popülerleşen kadın ve çocuğa yönelik şiddetin kültürel dayanağı. Uluslar arası Katılımlı Kadına ve Çocuğa Karşı Şiddet Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı Birinci Cilt içinde (389-401). Ankara: Mutlu Çocuklar Derneği Yayınları.
  • T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) (2008). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet. Ankara: Elma Teknik Basım Matbaacılık.T.C. Başbakanlık Kadın Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) (2014). Türkiye’de kadına yönelikaile içi şiddet araştırması. Ankara: Elma Teknik Basım Matbaacılık.
  • Uluslararası Af Örgütü (2004). Kadına yönelik şiddet sayacı-istatistiki bilgiler-özet. http://www.amnesty.org.tr/icerik/50/42/kadina-yonelik-siddet-sayaciistatistiki-bilgiler-ozet adresinden erişildi.
  • Vogel, L. C. ve Marshall, L. L. (2001). PTSD symptoms and partner abuse: low income women at risk. Journal of Traumatic Stress,14(3), 569−584.
  • Walker, L. (1994). Abused women and survivor therapy: a practical guide for the psychotherapist. Washington: APA.
  • Whatley, M. A. (2005). The effect of participant sex, victim dress, and traditional attitudes on causal judgments for marital rape victims. Journal of Family Violence, 20(3), 191-200.
  • Yaşın-Dökmen, Z. (2004). Toplumsal cinsiyet: sosyal psikolojik açıklamalar. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2000). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yoo, H., Bartle-Haring, S., Day, R. ve Gangamma, R. (2014). Couple communication, emotional and sexual intimacy, and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 40(4), 275-93.
  • Youn, G. (2009). Marital and sexual conflicts in elderly korean people. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 35(3), 220-238.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Women's Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Selda Sakızcıoğlu This is me 0000-0002-0395-9001

Türkan Doğan This is me 0000-0002-5976-7666

Publication Date December 21, 2020
Submission Date June 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 20

Cite

APA Sakızcıoğlu, S., & Doğan, T. (2020). Evli Bireylerin Evlilik Içi Tecavüz Olgusu Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma. İstanbul Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi(20), 19-49. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2020.20.0002