Oxidative stress, radiation-induced damage and the potential role of N-acetylcysteine as a radioprotector

Abstract

Many of the regulatory changes in cells after irradiation may be mediated through the production and interaction of classical signal transduction, free radicals, and DNA damage. The protection of normal tissues may provide an increase in tumor control by providing an increase in the radiation dose. Nacetylcysteine (NAC) is a potent free radical scavenger and may be beneficial in conditions of glutathione (GSH) depletion and free radical formation during oxidative stress. NAC has been shown to prevent radiation-induced DNA breaks and to have a place in cancer prevention. It may be suggested that NAC decreases irradiation-induced genocytotoxicity. NAC has not yet been widely used clinically for this purpose; further experimental studies are needed for determining its radioprotector effect. In the current review, we aimed to discuss the radioprotective potential of NAC.

Keywords

• Oxidative Stress,Radiation Injuries,Radiation-Protective Agents,Acetylcysteine,Glutathione,DNA Damage

Oksidatif stres, radyasyona bağlı hasar ve radyokoruyucu olarak N-asetil-sistein'in potansiyel rolü

Abstract

Radyasyon sonrası hücre içi birçok düzenleyici değişiklik serbest oksijen radikalleri, DNA ve DNA çift kırığı (DSB) arasındaki klasik sinyal uyumlulaştırıcılarının etkileşimi aracılığıyla gerçekleşir. Normal dokuların korunabilmesi radyasyon dozunda yükselmeye olanak sağlayıp tümör kontrolünü arttırabilir. N-asetil-sistein (NAS) potent serbest oksijen radikalleri temizleyicisi olup azalmış vücut glutatyon depolarını destekler ve oksidatif streste serbest radikal oluşumu durumunda yaralı olabilir. Radyasyona bağlı DNA hasarını azaltabildiği ve kanserden korunmada yeri olduğu gösterilmiştir. NAS'nin radyasyona bağlı genositotoksisiteyi azalttığı söylenebilir. NAS klinikte bu amaçla henüz pek kullanılmamaktadır ve daha ileri çalışmalarla radyokoruyucu etkisinin doğrulanması gereklidir. İncelememizde, NAS'nin radyokoruyucu olarak güncel rolü değerlendirildi.

Keywords

• Glutatyon, N-asetil-sistein, oksidatif stres, radyasyon hasarı

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