The Serial Mediation Effects of Collective Orientation and Trust in Co-Workers on the Relationship between Individualism-Collectivism and Knowledge Sharing

Abstract

Knowledge creation and knowledge sharing have gained increasing importance in today’s organizations. Accordingly, the interest in research examining knowledge sharing in recent years has also increased. One of the factors affecting knowledge sharing is culture. Although the relationship between culture and knowledge sharing has been examined in previous studies, the mechanisms through which this relationship occurs have yet to be clarified. Consequently, this study aims to investigatethe serial mediation role of collective orientation and trust in co-workers on the relationship individualism and collectivism have with knowledge sharing in the academic context, one of the critical environments of knowledge creation and sharing. The study sample consists of 405 academicians from public and private universities in Turkey. The hypotheses of the research are tested using the Hayes (2013) PROCESS macro (version 3.4.1) with regard to two different serial mediation models. The findings reveal both individualism and collectivism to affect knowledge sharing through the serial mediation role of collective orientation and trust in co-workers. In other words, increases in academicians’ individualism decreases their collective orientation, which then decreases their trust in their co-workers and then their knowledge sharing behaviors. On the other hand, increases in academicians’ collectivism increases their collective orientation, followed by increases in their trust in their co-workers and, subsequently, their knowledge sharing. This study makes a considerable theoretical contribution to the literature by revealing the serial mediation role of collective orientation and trust in co-workers regarding the effect of cultural orientation on knowledge sharing. The practical implications of the study are able to underline the importance of considering cultural orientation in terms of efforts atimproving knowledge sharing, teamwork, and interpersonal trust in organizations and accordingly planning organizational developmental activities and human resources practices. Lastly, the study discusses its limitations and presents suggestions for future studies.

Keywords

• Individualism
• collectivism
• collective orientation
• trust in co-workers
• knowledge sharing

Bireycilik-Toplulukçuluk ve Bilgi Paylaşımı İlişkisinde Kolektif Çalışma Yönelimi ile İş Arkadaşlarına Güvenin Seri Aracılık Rolü

Abstract

Günümüzde iş dünyasında artan rekabetle birlikte bilgi üretimi ve bilgi paylaşımı gitgide daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Bu sebeple son yıllarda bilgi paylaşımı araştırmaları daha fazla ilgi görmektedir. Bilgi paylaşımını etkileyen faktörlerden biri kültürdür. Geçmiş araştırmalarda kültür ve bilgi paylaşımı ilişkisi incelenmiş olsa da bu ilişkinin hangi mekanizmalar üzerinden oluştuğu netlik kazanmamıştır. Bu kapsamda mevcut çalışmanın amacı, bilginin üretildiği ve paylaşıldığı en önemli ortamlardan biri olan akademik kurumlardaki akademisyenlerin bireycilik ve toplulukçuluk eğilimlerinin bilgi paylaşımı davranışlarına olan etkisinde, kolektif çalışma yönelimi ve iş arkadaşlarına güvenin seri aracılık rolünün incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın örneklemini Türkiye’deki kamu ve vakıf üniversitelerinde çalışan 405 akademisyen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın hipotezleri Hayes’in (2013) PROCESS (versiyon 3.4.1) makrosu kullanılarak iki farklı seri aracılık modeliyle test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular hem bireyciliğin hem de toplulukçuluğun kolektif çalışma yönelimi ve iş arkadaşlarına güvenin seri aracılığıyla bilgi paylaşımını etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Diğer bir ifadeyle, akademisyenlerin bireycilik yönelimi arttıkça kolektif çalışma yönelimlerinin azaldığı, ardından iş arkadaşlarına güvenlerinin ve sonrasında bilgi paylaşımı davranışlarının azaldığı görülmüştür. Buna karşılık, toplulukçuluk yönelimi arttıkça akademisyenlerinkolektif çalışma yönelimlerinin ve sonrasında iş arkadaşlarına güvenlerinin ve bunu takiben bilgi paylaşımı davranışlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, birey düzeyinde kültürel eğilimlerin bilgi paylaşımı üzerindeki etkisinde kolektif çalışma yönelimi ve iş arkadaşına güvenin seri aracılık rolünüortaya koyarak literatüre önemli bir teorik katkı sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın uygulamaya yönelik katkısı ise, örgütlerde bilgi paylaşımı, takım çalışması ve kişiler arası güveni geliştirmek için bireylerin kültürel eğilimlerinin göz önüne alınmasının ve bu çerçevede örgüt içi gelişim faaliyetlerinin planlanması ile insan kaynakları uygulamalarının geliştirilmesinin önemine işaret etmesidir. Son olarak, çalışmanın sınırlılıkları tartışılmış ve gelecek çalışmalar için öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Bireycilik
• toplulukçuluk
• kolektif çalışma yönelimi
• iş arkadaşlarına güven
• bilgi paylaşımı

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