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SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA)

Year 2009, Issue: 57, 167 - 211, 07.10.2010

Abstract

Bütçe ve bütçe süreci kamusal hizmetlerin yerine getirilmesinde en
önemli araçlardan biridir. Bütçe ekonomik, siyasi, hukuki ve denetim
fonksiyonları ile bu görevini yerine getirmektedir. Günümüzde toplum
refahının sağlanabilmesi için bütçe süreci bir takım yeniliklerle ve
değişimlerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bunlar içinde en önemli
olanlardan biri cinsiyet esaslı bütçeleme yaklaşımıdır.
Geleneksel bütçe yaklaşımlarında cinsiyet konusu pek göz önüne
alınmazken, cinsiyetler arasındaki eşitsizlik nedeniyle dikkatler bu
konudaki gelişmelere odaklanmıştır. Bu süreçte, kamusal faaliyetler ana
olarak kamu harcamaları ve kamu gelirleri ekseninde oluştuğu için, bu
iki ana başlığın cinsiyet eşitliğine ve eşitsizliğine ne gibi katkılar
yaptığının belirlenmesi kamu politikalarının etkilerinin belirlenmesi
açısından önem kazanmaktadır. Popüler ve güncel bir konu olan
cinsiyet esaslı bütçe yaklaşımı ile cinsiyet ve bununla ilgili konular,
kamu kesimi faaliyetlerine hakim kılınmak suretiyle, kamu harcamaları,
kamu gelirleri, devlet borçları, bütçe, bütçe süreci, bütçe çıktılarının
değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Söz konusu bu değerlendirme cinsiyet
baz alınarak yapıldığında, kamu politikalarının cinsiyet eşitliği, yada
eşitsizliğine hizmet ettiği daha iyi anlaşılabilir ve gelecekte uygulanacak
politikalara daha etkili yön verilebilir. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, giderek artan bir öneme sahip olan cinsiyet
esaslı bütçe ile ilgili temel tanımlamalara, uygulama çerçevesine, ve ülke
örneklerine değinmektir. Çalışma bu amacını bir adım öteye götürerek
cinsiyet eşitsizliklerini ölçen yöntemlere de değinmeye çalışmaktadır.

References

  • Advisory Comittee on Equal Opprotunities for Women and Men (2003), Opinion on Gender Budgeting, EU Parliament, Brussels.
  • Aktan, Coşkun C. ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2007), Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Devletin Rolü (Edt C. C. Aktan) Aura Yayınları, Đstanbul.
  • Anand, Sudhir and Amartya Sen (1995), “Gender Inequality and Human Development Theories and Measurement”, back ground papers for Human Development Report New York UN HDR Office.
  • Axelrod, D. (1995), Budgeting for Modern Government, Second Edition New York St. Martin’s Press Inc.
  • Bartle, John R. and Omaha Marilyn (2002), The Potential of Gender Budgeting: Has its Day Come, Panel on ”Democratizing the Budgetary Process” Association for Budgeting and Financial Management Annual Conference, October 12, Missouri, USA.
  • Berksoy, Turgay ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2006), Sağlık Hizmetleri Piyasası ABD örneği, (Edt Berksoy ve Işık), SPK Yayınları, No 177, Ankara.
  • Budlender, Debbie (2004), Review of Gender Budget Đnititatves, CASE, Working Paper, USA, pp. 1–78.
  • Budlender, Debbie and Diane Elson (2000), are made in UNIFEM, Progress of the World’s Women 2000, New York, p. 118.
  • Budlender, Debbie and Rhonda Sharp with Kerri Allen (1998), How to do a gender– sensitive budget analysis: contemporary research and practice, Commonwealth Secretariat and Australian Agency for International Development.
  • Budlender, Elson, Guy Hewitt L. and T. Mukhopadhyay (2002), Gender Budgets Make Cents, Commonwealth Secretariat, London, UK.
  • Cagatay, N. , M. Keklik, R. Lal and J. Lang (2000) “ Budgets as if People Mattered: Democartizing Macro Economic Policies” SEPED Conference Paper NO: 4, USA.
  • Chen, Shaohua and Martin Ravallion (2004), ” How Have the World’s Poorest Fared Since Early 1980s”, Policy Research Working Paper No: 3341, World Bank, Washington DC.
  • Dastot, Kean (2000) The Yellow Budget Paper on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality’, paper presented to Conference on Gender Budgets, Financial Markets and Financing for Development, Heinrich Boll Stiftung, Berlin.
  • Department of Finance (1998), Government of South Africa, Budget Review, Pretoria, pp. 15–658.
  • Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and Office of Status of Women, Commonwealth of Australia (1986–87), Women’s Budget Program: An Assessment of the Impact on Women of the 1986–87 Budget, p. 180.
  • Eikenberry, A. M. (2001), “Alternative Models of Public Budgeting: Speculations on an Feminist Budgeting Process” , unpublished paper, School of Public Administration, University of Nebraska at Omaha, USA.
  • Elson, Diane (2003), Gender Equality and Europe’s Future, European Commission, DG Education and Culture and Jean Monnet Project Brussels, 4. March.
  • Elson, Diane (1998), ‘Integrating Gender Issues into National Budgetary Policies and Procedures: Some Policy Options’ Journal of International Development , Vol 10, pp. 929–941.
  • European Research Office and APRODEV (2002), Concepts Notes on Gender Budgeting, UNIFEM and OECD, Conference of Belgium Government, Brussels.
  • Fitzgerald, R. (1999), Toolkit for Mainstreaming Equal Opportunities for Women and Men into the Structural Fund Programmes in Scotland, Prepared for Scottish Executive and Equal Opportunities Commission.
  • Government of France, Draft (2001) Budget Act: Review of Appropriations for Actions in Support of Women’s Rights, p. 13. (Translated by OECD for 22nd Annual Meeting of Senior Budget Officials, May 2001, PUMA/SBO.
  • Hendricks, J. J. (1995), “A response to manichean feminism”, Adminsitration and Society, Volume 27, pp. 290–295.
  • Hunt, Karen and Debbie Budlender (Etd) (1998) Money Matters– Women and the Government Budget, Idasa, Capetown.
  • Işık, A. Kadir (2005), Hayatın Kalitesi Kavramının Felsefik Temelleri, Aristo, Bentham ve Nordenfelt, T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • www. sabem. gov. tr/akademikmetinler Klasen, Stephan (1994), “Missing Women, Reconsidered” World Development, Volume 22, No: 7, pp. 1061–71.
  • Krug, B. and I. Staveren (2002), “Gender audit: whim or voice”, Public Finance and Management, Volume 2, pp. 190–217.
  • Leadbetter, Helen (2006), Gender Budgeting, Department for International Development, Policy Division, UK.
  • Meriç, Metin, Feminizme Mali Bakış (2007), Finans, Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, Cilt 44, Sayı 509, ss. 58–67.
  • Mutlu, Ayşegül ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2005), Sağlık Ekonomisine Giriş, Ekin Yayınları Bursa.
  • Orosz, J. F. (2001), “The truth is out there: Is post–modern budgeting the real deal?”, in J. R. Bartle (edt), Evolving Theories, of Public Budgeting, Amsterdam Elsevier Sciennce.
  • Rake, Katherine (2000) ‘Into the Mainstream? Why Gender Audit policymakers’ New Economy, Vol 7 No 2, pp. 107–110.
  • Quisimbing, Agnes R. , Lawrence Haddad and Christina Pena (2001), “Are Women Overrepresented Among the Poor, An Analysis of Poverty in 10 Developing Countries”, Journal of Development Economics, Volume 66, pp. 225–69.
  • Sen, Amartya (1989), “Women’s Survival as a Development Problem”, Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Volume 43, pp. 14–29.
  • Sen, Gita (2000), “Gender Mainstreaming in Finance Ministries” World Development, Volume 28, Number: 7, pp. 1379–90.
  • Sharp, Rohanda (2003), “Budgeting for Equity: Gender Budget Inititatives within a Framework of Performance Oriented Budgeting”, UNIFEM.
  • Shick, A. (1993), “Budgetary Innovations” in A. Premchand, Government Budgeting and Expenditure ontrols, Washington DC and IMF.
  • Stivers, C. (1993), Gender Images in Public Administration, New Bury Park CA, Sage Publications. Stotsky, Janet G. (2000), Gender Budgeting IMF Working Paper, WP 06/232.
  • Stotsky, Janet G. (2005), “Gender Bias in Tax System”, Tax Notes International, June 9, pp. 1913–23.
  • UNIFEM (2000), Progress of the World ‘s Women 2000, UNIFEM Biennial Report, New York.
  • Walby, Sylvia (2008), Gender Budgeting: What is, How to do it. Why to do it, Lancaster University, Unpublished Working Paper, UK.
  • Women’s Budget Group (2000), ‘Submission to H. M. Treasury on the proposal for an Integrated Child Credit’, London.
  • White, O. F. (1995), Public Administration’s Gender Identity Problem, Administration and Society, Volume 27, pp. 227–283.
  • www. un. org
  • www. worldbank. org
  • www. imf. org.
  • www. ksgm. com. tr
  • www. memurlar. net
Year 2009, Issue: 57, 167 - 211, 07.10.2010

Abstract

References

  • Advisory Comittee on Equal Opprotunities for Women and Men (2003), Opinion on Gender Budgeting, EU Parliament, Brussels.
  • Aktan, Coşkun C. ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2007), Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Devletin Rolü (Edt C. C. Aktan) Aura Yayınları, Đstanbul.
  • Anand, Sudhir and Amartya Sen (1995), “Gender Inequality and Human Development Theories and Measurement”, back ground papers for Human Development Report New York UN HDR Office.
  • Axelrod, D. (1995), Budgeting for Modern Government, Second Edition New York St. Martin’s Press Inc.
  • Bartle, John R. and Omaha Marilyn (2002), The Potential of Gender Budgeting: Has its Day Come, Panel on ”Democratizing the Budgetary Process” Association for Budgeting and Financial Management Annual Conference, October 12, Missouri, USA.
  • Berksoy, Turgay ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2006), Sağlık Hizmetleri Piyasası ABD örneği, (Edt Berksoy ve Işık), SPK Yayınları, No 177, Ankara.
  • Budlender, Debbie (2004), Review of Gender Budget Đnititatves, CASE, Working Paper, USA, pp. 1–78.
  • Budlender, Debbie and Diane Elson (2000), are made in UNIFEM, Progress of the World’s Women 2000, New York, p. 118.
  • Budlender, Debbie and Rhonda Sharp with Kerri Allen (1998), How to do a gender– sensitive budget analysis: contemporary research and practice, Commonwealth Secretariat and Australian Agency for International Development.
  • Budlender, Elson, Guy Hewitt L. and T. Mukhopadhyay (2002), Gender Budgets Make Cents, Commonwealth Secretariat, London, UK.
  • Cagatay, N. , M. Keklik, R. Lal and J. Lang (2000) “ Budgets as if People Mattered: Democartizing Macro Economic Policies” SEPED Conference Paper NO: 4, USA.
  • Chen, Shaohua and Martin Ravallion (2004), ” How Have the World’s Poorest Fared Since Early 1980s”, Policy Research Working Paper No: 3341, World Bank, Washington DC.
  • Dastot, Kean (2000) The Yellow Budget Paper on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality’, paper presented to Conference on Gender Budgets, Financial Markets and Financing for Development, Heinrich Boll Stiftung, Berlin.
  • Department of Finance (1998), Government of South Africa, Budget Review, Pretoria, pp. 15–658.
  • Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and Office of Status of Women, Commonwealth of Australia (1986–87), Women’s Budget Program: An Assessment of the Impact on Women of the 1986–87 Budget, p. 180.
  • Eikenberry, A. M. (2001), “Alternative Models of Public Budgeting: Speculations on an Feminist Budgeting Process” , unpublished paper, School of Public Administration, University of Nebraska at Omaha, USA.
  • Elson, Diane (2003), Gender Equality and Europe’s Future, European Commission, DG Education and Culture and Jean Monnet Project Brussels, 4. March.
  • Elson, Diane (1998), ‘Integrating Gender Issues into National Budgetary Policies and Procedures: Some Policy Options’ Journal of International Development , Vol 10, pp. 929–941.
  • European Research Office and APRODEV (2002), Concepts Notes on Gender Budgeting, UNIFEM and OECD, Conference of Belgium Government, Brussels.
  • Fitzgerald, R. (1999), Toolkit for Mainstreaming Equal Opportunities for Women and Men into the Structural Fund Programmes in Scotland, Prepared for Scottish Executive and Equal Opportunities Commission.
  • Government of France, Draft (2001) Budget Act: Review of Appropriations for Actions in Support of Women’s Rights, p. 13. (Translated by OECD for 22nd Annual Meeting of Senior Budget Officials, May 2001, PUMA/SBO.
  • Hendricks, J. J. (1995), “A response to manichean feminism”, Adminsitration and Society, Volume 27, pp. 290–295.
  • Hunt, Karen and Debbie Budlender (Etd) (1998) Money Matters– Women and the Government Budget, Idasa, Capetown.
  • Işık, A. Kadir (2005), Hayatın Kalitesi Kavramının Felsefik Temelleri, Aristo, Bentham ve Nordenfelt, T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • www. sabem. gov. tr/akademikmetinler Klasen, Stephan (1994), “Missing Women, Reconsidered” World Development, Volume 22, No: 7, pp. 1061–71.
  • Krug, B. and I. Staveren (2002), “Gender audit: whim or voice”, Public Finance and Management, Volume 2, pp. 190–217.
  • Leadbetter, Helen (2006), Gender Budgeting, Department for International Development, Policy Division, UK.
  • Meriç, Metin, Feminizme Mali Bakış (2007), Finans, Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, Cilt 44, Sayı 509, ss. 58–67.
  • Mutlu, Ayşegül ve A. Kadir IŞIK (2005), Sağlık Ekonomisine Giriş, Ekin Yayınları Bursa.
  • Orosz, J. F. (2001), “The truth is out there: Is post–modern budgeting the real deal?”, in J. R. Bartle (edt), Evolving Theories, of Public Budgeting, Amsterdam Elsevier Sciennce.
  • Rake, Katherine (2000) ‘Into the Mainstream? Why Gender Audit policymakers’ New Economy, Vol 7 No 2, pp. 107–110.
  • Quisimbing, Agnes R. , Lawrence Haddad and Christina Pena (2001), “Are Women Overrepresented Among the Poor, An Analysis of Poverty in 10 Developing Countries”, Journal of Development Economics, Volume 66, pp. 225–69.
  • Sen, Amartya (1989), “Women’s Survival as a Development Problem”, Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Volume 43, pp. 14–29.
  • Sen, Gita (2000), “Gender Mainstreaming in Finance Ministries” World Development, Volume 28, Number: 7, pp. 1379–90.
  • Sharp, Rohanda (2003), “Budgeting for Equity: Gender Budget Inititatives within a Framework of Performance Oriented Budgeting”, UNIFEM.
  • Shick, A. (1993), “Budgetary Innovations” in A. Premchand, Government Budgeting and Expenditure ontrols, Washington DC and IMF.
  • Stivers, C. (1993), Gender Images in Public Administration, New Bury Park CA, Sage Publications. Stotsky, Janet G. (2000), Gender Budgeting IMF Working Paper, WP 06/232.
  • Stotsky, Janet G. (2005), “Gender Bias in Tax System”, Tax Notes International, June 9, pp. 1913–23.
  • UNIFEM (2000), Progress of the World ‘s Women 2000, UNIFEM Biennial Report, New York.
  • Walby, Sylvia (2008), Gender Budgeting: What is, How to do it. Why to do it, Lancaster University, Unpublished Working Paper, UK.
  • Women’s Budget Group (2000), ‘Submission to H. M. Treasury on the proposal for an Integrated Child Credit’, London.
  • White, O. F. (1995), Public Administration’s Gender Identity Problem, Administration and Society, Volume 27, pp. 227–283.
  • www. un. org
  • www. worldbank. org
  • www. imf. org.
  • www. ksgm. com. tr
  • www. memurlar. net
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Abdülkadir Işık

Hayriye Işık This is me

Publication Date October 7, 2010
Submission Date October 7, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2009 Issue: 57

Cite

APA Işık, A., & Işık, H. (2010). SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA). Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi(57), 167-211.
AMA Işık A, Işık H. SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA). Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi. October 2010;(57):167-211.
Chicago Işık, Abdülkadir, and Hayriye Işık. “SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA)”. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, no. 57 (October 2010): 167-211.
EndNote Işık A, Işık H (October 1, 2010) SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA). Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi 57 167–211.
IEEE A. Işık and H. Işık, “SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA)”, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, no. 57, pp. 167–211, October 2010.
ISNAD Işık, Abdülkadir - Işık, Hayriye. “SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA)”. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi 57 (October 2010), 167-211.
JAMA Işık A, Işık H. SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA). Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi. 2010;:167–211.
MLA Işık, Abdülkadir and Hayriye Işık. “SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA)”. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, no. 57, 2010, pp. 167-11.
Vancouver Işık A, Işık H. SOSYAL EŞİTSİZLİKLERİN GİDERİLMESİNDE BİR ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİSİ: CİNSİYET ESASLI BÜTÇELEME (TEORİ, GELİŞİM VE UYGULAMA). Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi. 2010(57):167-211.