Circulating Metabolic Profile of High Producing Holstein Dairy Cows

Abstract

Assessing the metabolic profile based on the concept that the laboratory measurement of certain circulating components is a tool to evaluate metabolic status of dairy cows. Veterinarian also can evaluate the energy input-output relationships by assessing the metabolic profile to prevent and control of negative energy balance, metabolic disorders and nutritional insufficiencies. In the present study, 25 multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided to 5 equal groups containing early, mid and late lactation, and far-off and close-up dry. Blood samples were collected from all cows through jugular venipuncture and sera were evaluated for glucose, insulin, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high, low and very low density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL and VLDL). Insulin levels in mid lactation and close-up dry cows were significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05) and the lowest insulin concentration was detected in far-off dry group. Serum concentrations of NEFA and BHBA in early and mid-lactation and close-up dry cows were significantly higher than late lactation and far-off dry animals (P<0.05). Baseline levels of cholesterol in mid and late lactation were significantly higher than other groups. The level of LDL in mid lactation cows was higher than others significantly, and its value in far-off dry cows was significantly lower than other group (P<0.05). It may be concluded that the detected changes among different groups induce commonly by negative energy balance, lactogenesis and fetal growth in each state. The presented metabolic profile can be considered as a tool to assess the energy balance in dairy cows at different physiologic states. It can be used to evaluate the metabolic situations of herd and manage the metabolic and production disorders.

Keywords

• Metabolic profile, reference value, lactogenesis, fetal growth, Holstein dairy cows

Yüksek Verimli Holştayn İneklerin Metabolik Profil Döngüsü

Abstract

Dolaşımdaki belirli bileşenlerin laboratuar ölçümleri ile metabolik profilin değerlendirilmesi, süt sığırlarının metabolik durumunu belirlemede kullanılan bir araçtır. Negatif dengeyi, metabolik hastalıkları ve besleme yetersizliklerini engellemek ve kontrol etmek için veteriner hekimler enerji giriş-çıkış ilişkisini metabolik profilin değerlendirilmesi ile yapabilirler. Bu çalışmada çoklu doğuma sahip 25 sütçü Holştayn ineği laktasyon başlangıcı, ortası ve sonu ile uzak ve yakın kuru olmak üzere eşit 5 gruba ayrılmıştır. Kan örnekleri tüm sığırlardan juguler venadan alınmış ve serumdan glukoz, insülin, β-hidroksibütirik asit (BHBA), eseterleşmemiş yağ asitleri (NEFA), kolesterol, trigliserit (TG), yüksek, düşük ve daha düşük yoğunluktaki lipoproteinler (HDL, LDL ve VLDL). Laktasyonun ortasındaki ve yakın kuru dönemdeki ineklerde insülin seviyeleri diğer gruplardan çok daha yüksek (P<0,05) iken en düşük insülin konsantrasyonu uzak kuru grubunda saptanmıştır. Laktasyon başlangıcında ve ortasındaki ile yakın kurudaki ineklerde NEFA ve BHBA serum konsantrasyonları geç laktasyondaki ve uzak kurudaki ineklere göre daha yüksektir (P<0,05). Orta ve geç laktasyonda taban kolesterol seviyeleri diğer gruplara göre önemli düzeyde yüksektir. Orta laktasyondaki ineklerde LDL seviyesi diğerlerine göre önemli düzeyde daha yüksektir ve uzak kurudaki ineklerde ise değeri önemli düzeyde daha düşüktür. Sonuç olarak farklı gruplar arasında saptanan değişikliklerin yaygın nedeni her durumdaki negatif enerji dengesi, laktogenezis ve fötal büyüme olabilir. Mevcut metabolik profil, farklı fizyolojik durumlardaki süt ineklerinde enerji dengesini belirlemek için bir araç olabilir. Sürünün metabolik durumunun değerlendirilmesi, metabolik ve üretim bozukluklarını yönetmede kullanılabilir.

Keywords

• Metabolik profil, referans değer, laktogenezis, fötal büyüme, sütçü Holştayn inekleri

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