Antibody Tracing, Seroepidemiology and Risk Factors of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bovine Adenovirus-3 in Dairy Holstein Farms

Abstract

Antibody tracing, risk factors and seroepidemiology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine adenovirus-3 were investigated in 22 Industrial and Semi-Industrial dairy Holstein farms. Serum samples (n=736) from various ages of unvaccinated cows were collected from May to September 2012. Risk factors including age, past history of respiratory diseases, amount of milk production, husbandry type and herd size were considered. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and logistic regression. Results indicated that the infection with some of individual viruses was related to past history of respiratory disease and herd size. No specific pattern was seen on the effect of level of milk production on seropositivity of animals. The seroprevalence for BRSV and BAV-3 were 89.1% and 88%, respectively. The present study indicates that infections of bovine respiratory viruses frequently occur in cattle of Fars province and the main viral cause of primary occurrence of respiratory diseases may be due to aforementioned viruses.

Keywords

• -

Sütçü Siyah Alaca İşletmelerinde Sığır Respiratuvar Sinsityal Virüsü ve Sığır Adenovirüs-3’ün Antikor İzleri, Seroepidemiyolojisi ve Risk Faktörleri

Abstract

Endüstriyel ve yarı-endüstriyel 22 sütçü Siyah Alaca işletmesinde sığır respiratuvar sinsityal virüsü ve sığır adenovirus-3’ün antikor izleri, risk faktörleri ve seroepidemiyolojisi araştırılmıştır. Çeşitli yaşlardaki aşılanmamış ineklerden Mayıs 2012 ile Eylül 2012 arasında serum örnekleri (n=736) toplanmıştır. Yaş, solunum hastalıklarıyla ilgili geçmişteki kayıtlar, süt üretim miktarı, işletme tipi ve sürü boyutunu içeren risk faktörleri dikkate alınmıştır. Veriler Ki-kare ve lojistik regresyon kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar bazı bireysel virüslerle oluşan enfeksiyonların geçmişteki solunum hastalığına ve sürü boyutuna bağlı olduğunu gösterdi. Hayvanların seropozitiviteleri üzerinde süt üretim düzeyi etkisinin belirgin bir paterninin olmadığı görüldü. BRSV ve BAV-3 için seroprevalans sırasıyla %89,1 ve %88’di. Bu çalışma, sığır respiratuvar virüsleri enfeksiyonlarının Fars bölgesinde sıklıkla oluştuğunu ve solunum hastalıklarının primer oluşumunun başlıca viral sebebinin daha önce bahsedilen virüsler olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• -

References

1. Algirdas, S., Eugenijus, J., Kesaitine, K., 2008. Distribution of economically important viral diseases in cattle. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika 41, 63.
2. Cortese, V.S., Cravens, R.L., Dominguez, J., 1991. The prevalence of bovine virus diarrhoea and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in Mexico. Bovine Practitioner 26, 159-161.
3. Gorden, P.J., Plummer, P., 2010. Control, Management, and Prevention of Bovine Respiratory Disease in Dairy Calves and Cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 26, 234-259.
4. Grohn, Y.T., Hertl, J.A., Harman, J.L., 1994. Effect of early lactation milk yield on reproductive disorders in dairy cows. American Journal of Veterinary Research 55,1521-1528.
5. Kadir, Y., Burak, G., 2008. Seroprevalance of bovine respiratory viruses North-Wester Turkey. Tropical Animal Health and Production 40, 55-60.
6. Lazić, S., Petrović, T., Bugarski, D., Kendrišić, N., 2009. Complex of Respiratory Diseases in cattle from the aspect of Parainfluenca–3 virus. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 25, 703-711.
7. Mahmoud, M.A., Allam, A.M., 2013. Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BHV-1), Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus (PI-3V) and Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) among non vaccinated cattle. Global Veterinaria 10, 348-353.
8. Rabie, M.Y., Abd El Fatah, M.M., Mohamed, S.A., Al-Blowi, M.H. 2013. Seroprevalence of some bovine viral respiratory diseases among nonvaccinated cattle in Saudi Arabia. Veterinary World 6, 1-4.

9. Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., Constable, P.D., 2007. Veterinary Medicine, A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats (10th ed.). Saunders Elsevier Company, London, UK
10. Roshtkhari, F., Mohammadi, G., Mayameei, A., 2012. Serological evaluation of relationship between viral pathogens (BHV-1, BVDV, BRSV, PI-3V, and Adeno3) and dairy calf pneumonia by indirect ELISA. Tropical Animal Health and Production 44, 1105-1110.
11. Sakhaee, E.A., Khalili, M., Kazeminia, S., 2009. Serological study of bovine viral respiratory diseases in dairy cattle of Kerman (Iran). Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 10, 49-53.
12. Shirvani, E., Lotfi, M., Kamalzadeh, M., Noaman, V., Bahriari, M., Morovati, H., Hatami, A., 2011. Seroepidemiological study of bovine respiratory viruses (BRSV, BoHV-1, PI-3V, BVDV and BAV-3) in dairy cattle in central region of Iran (Esfahan province). Tropical Animal Health and Production 44, 191-195.
13. Smith, B.P., 2009. Large Animal Internal Medicine. 4th ed. St. Louis, MO, Mosby Elsevier, USA.
14. Solís-Calderón, J.J., Segura-Correa, J.C., Aguilar-Romero, F., Segura-Correa, V.M., 2007. Detection of antibodies and risk factors for infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus-3 in beef cattle of Yucatan, Mexico. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 82, 102-110.
15. Tajbakhsh, E., Momtaz, H., 2003. A serological survey on bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) in Chahar Mahal Bakhtiary province, Iran. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi 66, 98-103.
16. Taylor, J.D., Fulton, R.W., Lehenbauer, T.W., Step, D.L., Conferm, A.W., 2010. The epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease: What is the evidence for predisposing factors? Canadian Veterinary Journal 51,1095-1102.
17. Valarcher, J.F., Hagglund, S., 2006. Viral respiratory infections in cattle. Proceeding of 24th World Buiatrics Congress, Nice, France.
18. Valarcher, J.F., Taylor, G., 2007. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection. Veterinary Research 38, 153-180.
19. Whitely, L.O., Maheswaran, S.K., Weiss, D.J., Ames, T.R., Kannan, M.S., 1992. Pasteurella haemolytica A1 and bovine respiratory disease: pathogenesis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 6, 11-22.
20. Yavru, S., Simsek, A., Yapkico, O., Kale, M., 2005. Serological evaluation of viral infections in bovine respiratory tract. Acta Veterinary (Beogard) 2, 219-226.