The Relationship Tourism, Economic Growth and Environmental Quality: Panel Data Analysis

Öz

In this study, the relationship between tourism, economic growth and environmental quality has been analyzed during 1995-2014 in APEC countries. New generation panel data methods are used considering horizontal section dependency in the analysis. First in the study, it was seen that there is horizontal section dependency in variables and model. The series of stationarity was investigated by CADF unit root test. The long-run relationship between variables was analyzed by Westerlund and Edgerton (2007) Panel Boostrap cointegration test. As a result of the panel cointegration test, it was concluded that there is a cointegration among the variable in the APEC countries. Then the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger causality test was applied. It has been seen that one-way causality relationship from tourism to CO2 emissions, from energy consumption to CO2 emissions in the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger causality test.  It was observed there is a two-way causality relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. There is a two-way causality relationship between trade and CO2 emissions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tourism,Economic Growth,Environmental Quality,APEC Countries

APEC Ülkelerinde Turizm, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Çevresel Kalite İlişkisi: Panel Veri Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada; APEC ülkelerinde 1995-2014 dönemleri arasında turizm, ekonomik büyüme ve çevresel kalite arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Analizde yatay kesit bağımlılığını göz önünde bulunduran yeni nesil panel veri yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, ilk olarak değişkenlerde ve modelde yatay kesit bağımlılığının olduğu görülmüştür. Serilerin durağanlık koşulu CADF birim kök testiyle incelenmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki Westerlund ve Edgerton (2007) panel boostrap eşbütünleşme testiyle analiz edilmiştir. Panel eşbütünleşme testi sonucunda, APEC ülkelerinde değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Daha sonra Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger nedensellik testinde; enerji tüketiminden CO2 emisyonuna doğru; turizmden CO2 emisyona doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Ekonomik büyüme ve CO2 emisyonu arasında iki yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Ticaret ve CO2 emisyonu arasında iki yönlü nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turizm,Ekonomik Büyüme,Çevresel Kalite,APEC Ülkeleri

Kaynakça

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