DETERMINATION OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXIC EFFECTS OF METHYL PARATHION ON Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811)

Abstract

Methyl parathion (MP) is widely used as an agricultural insecticide with organic phosphorus. This study was conducted to determine acute and chronic toxic effects on Chalcalburnus tarichi of MP. Fish 8‒10 cm in length were exposed to MP using the static test in the acute test and the semi-static test in the chronic test. In the chronic test, 1.47, 2.10, 3.00, 4.28, 6.11 mg L^-1 MP concentrations were applied. The 96 hour LC₅₀ value was determined to be 11.44 mg L^-1. The chronic test was continued at 17.9 °C for 30 days. The fish were dissected, blood, brain, liver and muscle tissues were removed. The activity of acetylcholinesterase in brain tissue decreased. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values were decreased at 2.10, 4.28 and 6.11 mg L^-1 concentrations. Based on hemoglobin and hematocrit values, the lowest observed effect concentration was 2.10 mg L^-1 and the no observed effect concentration was 1.47 mg L^-1. In conclusion, MP is an acute and chronic toxic substance for C. tarichi according to some biochemical and hematological criteria. In freshwater environments where C. tarichi lives, the MP concentration should not exceed 0.1144 mg L^-1. MP should be used as a control in agriculture.

Keywords

• Methyl parathion,Chalcalburnus tarichi,LC50,AChE,Hematology

METİL PARATİON’UN İNCİ KEFALİ (Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811) ÜZERİNDEKİ AKUT VE KRONİK TOKSİK ETKİLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Öz

Metil paration (MP) organik fosforlu tarımsal bir insektisit olarak geniş bir alanda kullanılır. Bu çalışma, MP’nin inci kefali (Chalcalburnus tarichi) üzerine akut ve kronik toksik etkilerini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Ağırlıkları 3‒7 g, boyları 8‒10 cm olan balıklar akut testte statik, kronik testte yarı statik test yöntemi kullanılarak, MP’ye maruz bırakılmıştır. Akut testte, 6.45‒15.00 mg/L arasında 9 farklı MP; kronik testte 1.47, 2.10, 3.00, 4.28, 6.11 mg/L MP konsantrasyonları uygulanmıştır. Akut testin sonunda, 96 saat LC₅₀ değeri 11.44 mg/L, ve LT₅₀ değeri 28.14‒289.29 saat arasında belirlenmiştir. Kronik test 17.9 °C’de, 30 gün devam ettirilmiştir. Testin bitiminde balıklar disekte edilmiş, hematolojik incelemeler için kan, biyokimyasal incelemeler için beyin, karaciğer ve kas dokusu alınmıştır. Beyin dokusunda asetilkolinesteraz aktivitesinin azaldığı (P<0.05) görülmüştür. Hemoglobin ve hematokrit değerlerinin 2.10, 4.28 ve 6.11 mg/L MP konsantrasyonlarında azaldığı (P<0.05) tespit edilmiştir. Hemoglobin ve hematokrit değerleri esas alınarak etkisi gözlenen en düşük konsantrasyon 2.10 mg/L, etkisi gözlenmeyen konsantrasyon 1.47 mg/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak MP inci kefali için bazı biyokimyasal ve hematolojik kriterlere göre akut ve kronik toksik bir maddedir. Türün yaşadığı tatlısu ortamlarında MP konsantrasyonu 0.1144 mg/L’yi geçmemelidir. MP tarımda kontrollü olarak kullanılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Metil paration,İnci kefali,Chalcalburnus tarichi,LC50,AChE,Hematoloji

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