Effects of Phytotheraphy in Diabetes Mellitus

Yıl 2023, , 265 - 272, 30.09.2023

Muhammed Taha Kaya , Tolga Güvenç

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1284154

Öz

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by a persistent increase in blood glucose levels, causing various metabolic disorders. There are 2 main types of diabetes: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (insulin-independent). Type 1 DM results from the inability to produce insulin as a result of epigenetic (autoimmunity / mutation) or acquired destruction of the β cells of the pancreas. T2DM is characterized by a prolonged increase in blood glucose levels due to a defect in insulin secretion or the insulin receptor. If diabetes is not treated well, it can affect various organs such as the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, brain and eyes, leading to various life-threatening complications and even death. Since there is no complete treatment for the disease, the applications are aimed at keeping blood glucose levels under control. However, the drugs applied may have different side effects. With this situation, medicinal plants with antihypoglycemic and antidiabetic potential have been used as supplements in diabetes. The aim of supportive treatment is to increase the effect of medical treatment, to reduce the effects of complications due to DM, and to increase the living standards of patients. The aim of this review is to compile the mechanisms of action of phytotherapeutic agents obtained from various medicinal plants on experimental animals and cell lines for which diabetes models were created.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes Mellitus, Phytotherapy, Laboratory Animals

Diyabetes Mellitusta Fitoterapinin Etkisi

Öz

Diabetes mellitus (DM), kan glukoz seviyesinde kalıcı bir artışla karakterize, çeşitli metabolik bozukluğa neden olan kronik bir hastalıktır. Diyabetes Mellitus Tip 1(insüline bağımlı) ve Diyabetes Mellitus Tip 2 (insülinden bağımsız) olmak üzere 2 ana diyabet tipi bulunmaktadır. Tip 1 DM, pankreasın β hücrelerinin epigenetik (otoimmünite / mutasyon) veya edinsel olarak yok olması sonucunda insülin üretilememesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. T2DM, insülin sekresyonundaki veya insülin reseptöründeki defekt nedeniyle kan şekeri seviyesinde uzun süreli artış ile karakterizedir. Diyabet iyi tedavi edilmezse kalp, damar, böbrek, beyin, göz gibi çeşitli organları etkileyerek yaşamı tehdit eden çeşitli komplikasyonlara hatta ölüme yol açabilmektedir. Hastalığın tam bir tedavisi bulunmamakla yapılan uygulamalar kan glukoz seviyesini kontrol altında tutmaya yöneliktir. Ancak uygulanan ilaçların farklı yan etkileri bulunabilmektedir. Bu durumla beraber antihipoglisemik ve antidiyabetik potansiyeli olan medikal bitkiler diyabette destekleyici olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Destekleyici tedavinin amacı ise uygulanan medikal tedavinin etkisini artırmak, DM’ye bağlı oluşan komplikasyonların etkisini azaltmak ve hastaların yaşam standartlarını yükseltmektir. Bu derlemenin amacı, çeşitli medikal bitkilerden elde edilen fitoterapik ajanların diyabet modeli oluşturulan deney hayvanları ve hücre hatları üzerinde etki mekanizmalarının derlenmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyabetes Mellitus, Fitoterapi, Deney Hayvanları

Kaynakça

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