Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu’nun Karbon Ayak İzi Hesaplaması, Monte Carlo Analizi ve Sürdürülebilirlik Stratejileri

Hüseyin Söyler

doi:10.35229/jaes.1630670

EN TR

Carbon Footprint Calculation, Monte Carlo Analysis and Sustainability Strategies of Gerze Vocational School

Abstract

This study analyzes the 2024 carbon footprint of Sinop University Gerze Vocational School using IPCC Tier 1 and DEFRA methodologies. Carbon footprint calculations include greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas, electricity consumption, and transportation activities. The findings reveal that natural gas consumption for heating causes the highest emissions, followed by emissions from electricity consumption and transportation. To assess uncertainties, a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations was performed. The simulation results showed that the total emission values range between 124,555 kg and 139,163 kg with a 95% confidence interval. The average carbon emission value was calculated as 131,895 kg CO₂. As a result of the analysis, the total carbon emissions of Gerze Vocational School were determined to be 137,404.94 kg. The results highlight the importance of increasing energy efficiency, promoting the use of renewable energy, and adopting sustainable transportation solutions. This study serves as a valuable guide for educational institutions aiming to achieve carbon neutrality.

Keywords

Carbon Footprint , Greenhouse Gas Emission , Carbon Neutrality , Environmental Sustainability , Monte Carlo Simulation.

Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu’nun Karbon Ayak İzi Hesaplaması, Monte Carlo Analizi ve Sürdürülebilirlik Stratejileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, Sinop Üniversitesi Gerze Mes+lek Yüksekokulu’nun 2024 yılı karbon ayak izini IPCC Tier 1 ve DEFRA yöntemleri kullanarak analiz etmektedir. Hesaplamalarda doğalgaz, elektrik tüketimi ve ulaşım faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan sera gazı emisyonları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, ısıtma için kullanılan doğalgazın en yüksek emisyona neden olduğunu, ardından elektrik tüketimi ve ulaşım kaynaklı emisyonların geldiğini göstermiştir. Emisyon hesaplamalarında belirsizlikleri değerlendirmek amacıyla 10.000 iterasyon üzerinden Monte Carlo simülasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçları, toplam emisyon değerinin %95 güven aralığında 124.555 kg ile 139.163 kg arasında değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ortalama karbon emisyon değeri ise 131.895 kg CO₂ olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Gerze MYO’nun toplam karbon emisyonu 137.404,94 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, enerji verimliliğini artırma, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımını teşvik etme ve yeşil ulaşım çözümlerine yönelmenin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, eğitim kurumları için karbon nötrlüğüne ulaşmada yol gösterici bir rehber niteliğindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbon Ayak İzi , Sera Gazı Emisyonu , Karbon Nötrlüğü , Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik , Monte Carlo Simülasyonu.

References

Adamo, N., Al-Ansari, N., & Sissakian, V.K. (2021). Review of Climate Change Impacts on Human Environment: Past, Present and Future Projections. Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244741167
Akpan, U., & Akpan, G. E. (2012). The Contribution of Energy Consumption to Climate Change: A Feasible Policy Direction. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2, 21-33. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129681378
Almeida, J., Verbist, B., Achten, W. M. J., Maertens, M., Muys, B., & Muys, B. (2014). Sustainability in Development Cooperation: Preliminary Findings on the Carbon Footprint of Development Aid Organizations. Sustainable Development, 22, 349-359. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53349763
Bari, S., Iqbal, A., Rahman, M., & Jat, A. (2023). Probabilistic analysis of transport induced emissions in Melbourne city roads. SAE Technical Paper. DOI: 10.4271/2023- 01-0890
Başoğul, Y. (2018). Akademisyen ve İdari Personelin Ekolojik ve Karbon Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi: Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Örneği. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(3), 464- 70. DOI: 10.21923/jesd.427682
Belli, A., & Çelik, E.Z. (2022). Sürdürülebilir çevre örneği: Türkiye’de yavaş şehirler (Cittaslow). Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 63-89. DOI: 10.20493/birtop.1082260
Binboğa, G., & Ünal, A. (2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Ekseninde Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi’nin Karbon Ayak İzinin Hesaplanmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 21, 187-202. DOI: 10.18092/ulikidince.323532
Brodziński, Z., & Kurowska, K. (2021). Cittaslow Idea as a New Proposition to Stimulate Sustainable Local Development. Sustainability, 13(9). DOI: 10.3390/su13095039
Bui, H.T.M., Bui, T., & Pham, B.T. (2024). The Role of Higher Education in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: An Evaluation of Motivation and Capacity of Vietnamese Institutions. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(3), 101088. DOI: 10.1016/J.IJME.2024.101088
CittaSlow. (2025). CittaSlow. https://www.cittaslow.org/citta- slow. (26 Mart 2027)

Cowie, A., Eckard, R., & Eady, S. (2012). Greenhouse Gas Accounting for Inventory, Emissions Trading and Life Cycle Assessment in the Land-Based Sector: A Review. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(3), 284. DOI: 10.1071/CP11188
EİGM Raporları. (2023). EİGM Raporları - T.C. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. https://enerji.gov.tr/eigm- raporlari. (26 Mart 2027)
Greenhouse Gas Reporting. (2020). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2020 - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenho use-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2020. (26 Mart 2027).
Gupta, A.K. (2014). Monte Carlo Simulations. Pp. 69-80 in Numerical Methods using MATLAB. Berkeley, CA: Apress.
Heijungs, R. (2020). On the Number of Monte Carlo Runs in Comparative Probabilistic LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 25(2), 394-402. DOI: 10.1007/s11367-019-01698-4
Henriksson, P.J.G., Heijungs, R., Dao, H.M., Phan, L.T., de Snoo, G.R., & Guinée, J.B. (2015). Product Carbon Footprints and Their Uncertainties in Comparative Decision Contexts. PLOS ONE 10(3), e0121221. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121221
Herth, A., & Blok, K. (2023). Quantifying Universities’ Direct and Indirect Carbon Emissions – the Case of Delft University of Technology. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 24(9), 21-52. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-04-2022-0121
IPCC. (2006). IPCC Guidelines for NationalGreenhouse Gas Inventories. General Guidanceand Reporting. https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/ (26 Mart 2027).
IPCC. (2014). AR5 Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change - IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/ (26 Mart 2027).
Ivanova, S., Zhidkova, E., & Prosekov, A. (2023). Limiting the Carbon Footprint of an Enterprise: Calculation Methods and Solutions. Qubahan Academic Journal. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:264955032
Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., Bergamaschi, P., Pagliari, V., Olivier, J. G. J., Peters, J. A. H. W., van Aardenne, J. A., Monni, S., Doering, U., Petrescu, A. M. R., Solazzo, E., & Oreggioni, G. D. (2019). EDGAR v4.3.2 Global Atlas of the Three Major Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Period 1970-2012.
Kaiser, N., & Barstow, C.K. (2022). Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions. Sustainability, 14(4), 2149. DOI: 10.3390/su14042149
Karaoğlu, A. (2024). Yapay Zeka İle Çevre Koruma: Orman Yangınları, Sel ve Afet Yönetimi. In Sürdürülebilir Gelecek İçin Çevre, Enerji ve Yapay Zeka: Küresel Çözümler ve Stratejiler (1st ed., p. 162). Efe Akademik Yayıncılık. DOI: 10.59617/efepub2024180
Kiehle, J., Kopsakangas-Savolainen, M., Hilli, M., & Pongrácz, E. (2022). Carbon footprint at institutions of higher education: The case of the University of Oulu. Journal of Environmental Management, 329, 117056. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254956396
Kim, K.-D., Ko, H.-K., Lee, T.-J., & Kim, D.-S. (2011). Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transportation of Local Government by Calculation Methods. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 27, 405-415.
Kostić, S., Vasović, N., & Marinković, B. (2017). Robust Optimization of Concrete Strength Estimation Using Response Surface Methodology and Monte Carlo Simulation. Engineering Optimization 49(5), 864-77. DOI: 10.1080/0305215X.2016.1211432
Kumaş, K., Akyüz, A., & Güngör, A. (2019). Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Bucak Yerleşkesi Yükseköğretim Birimlerinin Karbon Ayak İzi Tespiti. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 1277-1291. DOI: 10.28948/ngumuh.598212
Le, T.-T., Pham, B.T., Le, V.M., Ly, H.-B., & Le, L.M. (2020). A Robustness Analysis of Different Nonlinear Autoregressive Networks Using Monte Carlo Simulations for Predicting High Fluctuation Rainfall. Pp. 205-12.
Leal Filho, W., Vargas, V.R., Salvia, A.L., Brandli, L.L., Pallant, E., Klavins, M., Ray, S., Moggi, S., Maruna, M., Conticelli, E., Ayanore, M.A., Radovic, V., Gupta, B., Sen, S., Paço, A., Michalopoulou, E.,Saikim, F.H., Koh, H.L., Frankenberger, F., Kanchanamukda, W., Cunha, D.A., Akib, N.A.M., Clarke, A., Wall, T., & Vaccari, M. (2019). The role of higher education ınstitutions in sustainability ınitiatives at the local level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 233, 1004-15. DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2019.06.059.
Lokupitiya, E., & Paustian, K. (2006). Agricultural Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of National Inventory Methods. Journal of Environmental Quality, 35(4), 1413-27.
Loyarte-López, E., Barral, M., & Morla, J.C. (2020). Methodology for Carbon Footprint Calculation Towards Sustainable Innovation in Intangible Assets. Sustainability, 12, 1-14. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213049311
Nda, M., bin Adnan, M.S., Ahmad, K.A., Usman, N., Razi, M.A.M., & Daud, Z. (2018). A Review on the Causes, Effects and Mitigation of Climate Changes on the Environmental Aspects. International Journal of Integrated Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134840491
Oestreich, L., Neuenfeldt Júnior, Á., & Ruiz-Padillo, A. (2024). Guidelines to Promote Sustainable Transport in Higher Education Universities: A Bibliometric and Systematic Review. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 25(8), 1912-28. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-07-2023-0266
Paredes-Canencio, K.N., Lasso, A., Castrillon, R., Vidal- Medina, J.R., & Quispe, E.C. (2024). Carbon Footprint of Higher Education Institutions. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(12), 30239-72. DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-04596-4
Peter, C., Fiore, A., Hagemann, U., Nendel, C., & Xiloyannis, C. (2016). Improving the Accounting of Field Emissions in the Carbon Footprint of Agricultural Products: A Comparison of Default IPCC Methods with Readily Available Medium-Effort Modeling Approaches. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(6), 791-805. DOI: 10.1007/s11367- 016-1056-2
Ridhosari, B., & Rahman, A. (2020). Carbon Footprint Assessment at Universitas Pertamina from the Scope of Electricity, Transportation, and Waste Generation: Toward a Green Campus and Promotion of Environmental Sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 119172. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119172
Setiawan, E.A., & Asvial, M. (2016). Renewable Energy’s Role in a Changing World. International Journal of Technology, 7, 1280. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:113770202
Şevik, S.E.Y., & Şahin, A.D. (2024). Quantifying Sectoral Carbon Footprints in Türkiye’s Largest Metropolitan Cities: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:267985901
Shabir, I., Dash, K.K., Dar, A.H., Pandey, V.K., Fayaz, U., & Shivangi Srivastava, R, N. (2023). Carbon footprints evaluation for sustainable food processing system development: A comprehensive review. Future Foods. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:256588026
Shivanna, K.R. (2022). Climate change and its impact on biodiversity and human welfare. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy. Part A, Physical Sciences, 88, 160-171. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248502423 Soeder, D.J. (2021). Greenhouse gas sources and mitigation strategies from a geosciences perspective. Advances in Geo-Energy Research. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237686474
Sreng, R., & Yiğit, M.G. (2017). Sakarya Üniversitesi Esentepe Kampüsü 2015 Yılı Karbon Ayakizi Çalışması. SAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 21(5), 1095-1099. DOI: 10.16984/saufenbilder.340009
Tandon, S.K., & Mallik, J. (2018). Links between Energy Usage and Climate: Implications on Increasing CO 2 Emissions and Carbon Capture and Storage. Current Science, 114, 1430-1437. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90928205 United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development United Nations United Nations Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
Valls-Val, K., & Bovea, M.D. (2021). Carbon Footprınt Assessment Tool For Unıversıtıes: CO2UNV. Sustainable Production and Consumption. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244445730
Wilting, H.C. (2012). Sensitivity And Uncertainty Analysis In Mrio Modelling; Some Empirical Results Wıth Regard To The Dutch Carbon Footprint. Economic Systems Research, 24(2), 141-71. DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2011.628302
Wright, L.A., Coello, J., Kemp, S., & Williams, I.D. (2011). Carbon footprinting for climate change management in cities. Carbon Management, 2, 49-60. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153546752

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Pollution and Contamination (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Hüseyin Söyler ^*
0000-0002-1216-7049
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

July 15, 2025

Publication Date

July 31, 2025

Submission Date

January 31, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 18, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 10 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1630670

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA55YY97UX

APA

Söyler, H. (2025). Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu’nun Karbon Ayak İzi Hesaplaması, Monte Carlo Analizi ve Sürdürülebilirlik Stratejileri. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 10(4), 328-337. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1630670

Cited By

Comparative Analysis of Open-Source Deep Learning Models in Terms of Energy Consumption, Computational Load, and Performance

Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science

https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1858749

AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULLARININ TERMAL ETKİLERİNİN YÜZEY SICAKLIĞI ANALİZİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

EJOVOC Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges

https://doi.org/10.17339/ejovoc.1837998

EBSCOHost Scilit CABI

JAES/AAS-Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences/Anatolian Academic Sciences&Anadolu Çevre ve Hayvancılık Dergisi/Anadolu Akademik Bilimler-AÇEH/AAS