Aquatic ecosystems and algae, which are the primary producers living in these areas, are the subject of many studies due to their importance. Macroalgae are indicator organisms in terms of showing the elemental composition of the region they live in. In this study, elemental analyzes of macroalgae belonging to Cystoseira foeniculacea and Gongolaria montagnei were carried out, that species collected from the coastal region of Antalya Province Serik District, which has a coast to the Mediterranean and Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) was applied to show the relationships between the results. The obtained data were compared with other studies. About macro elements, the highest value was determined as K element and the lowest value was determined as P element in Cystoseira foeniculacea and Gongolaria montagnei species. About trace elements, for Cystoseira foeniculacea species the highest value as Fe element and the lowest value as Mo element, for Gongolaria montagnei species the highest value as Fe element, and the lowest value as Cd element, were determined. According to the Pearson Correlation Index analysis, positive and negative relationships were determined between the elements. When the data obtained in our study were compared with the data of other previous studies, it was determined that the results were similar to each other.
Ahmad, H., Zhao, L., Liu, C., Cai, C. & Ma, F. (2021). Ultrasound assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction of inorganic arsenic from food and water samples using CdS nanoflowers combined with ICP-OES determination. Food Chemistry, 338, 128028. Doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128028
Ahmadpour, P., Ahmadpour, F., Mahmud, T.M.M., Abdu, A., Soleimani, M. & Tayefeh, F.H. (2012). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: A green technology. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(76), 14036-14043. Doi:10.5897/AJB12.459
Ak, İ., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Türker, G. & Sever, O. (2020). Assessment of light intensity and salinity regimes on the element levels of brown macroalgae, Treptacantha barbata: Application of response surface methodology (RSM). Food Science and Technology, (AHEAD). Doi:10.1590/fst.25220
Akköz, C., Arslan, D., Ünver, A., Özcan, M. M. & Yılmaz, B. (2011). Chemical composition, total phenolic and mineral contents of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kütz. seaweeds. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 35(2), 513-523. Doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00399.x
Akcalı, I. & Küçüksezgin, F. (2011). A biomonitoring study: heavy metals in macroalgae from eastern Aegean coastal areas. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(3), 637-645. Doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.12.021
Al-Homaidan, A.A., Al-Ghanayem, A.A., Al-Qahtani, H.S., Al-Abbad, A.F., Alabdullatif, J.A., Alwakeel, S.S. & Ameen, F. (2021). Effect of sampling time on the heavy metal concentrations of brown algae: A bioindicator study on the Arabian Gulf coast. Chemosphere, 263, 127998. Doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127998
Arıcı, E., Bat, L. & Yıldız, G. (2019). Comparison Of Metal Uptake Capacities Of The Brown Algae Cystoseira barbata and Cystoseira crinita (Phaeophyceae) Collected In Sinop, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 28(1), 05-17.
Asghari, S., Salarzadeh, A.R., Rohani, K., Yahyavi, M. & Mohammadizadeh, F. (2017). Fatty acid profile of wild and farmed sandworms, Perinereis nuntia, in the coast of Bandar Abbas, Iran. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(5), 1049-1053. Doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v17_5_21
Berik, N. & Cankırılıgil, E.C. (2019). The elemental composition of green seaweed (Ulva rigida) collected from Çanakkale, Turkey. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 34(3), 74-79. Doi:10.26650/ASE2019557380
Orlando-Bonaca, M. & Trkov, D. (2020). After more than forty-five years a new finding of Cystoseira foeniculacea f. latiramosa in the coastal sea of Slovenia. Annales, Series Historia Naturalis, 30(2) 233-238. Doi:10.19233/ASHS.2020.28
Bonanno, G., Veneziano, V. & Piccione, V. (2020). The alga Ulva lactuca (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) as a bioindicator of trace element contamination along the coast of Sicily, Italy. Science of The Total Environment, 699, 134329. Doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134329
Cengiz, M.F., Kilic, S., Yalcin, F., Kilic, M. & Yalcin, M. G. (2017). Evaluation of heavy metal risk potential in Bogacayi River water (Antalya, Turkey). Environmental monitoring and assessment, 189(6), 248. Doi:10.1007/s10661-017-5925-3
Chakraborty, S., Bhattacharya, T., Singh, G. & Maity, J.P. (2014). Benthic macroalgae as biological indicators of heavy metal pollution in the marine environments: A biomonitoring approach for pollution assessment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 100, 61-68. Doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.003
Cheng, S.Y., Show, P.L., Lau, B.F., Chang, J.S. & Ling, T.C. (2019). New prospects for modified algae in heavy metal adsorption. Trends in Biotechnology, 37(11), 1255-1268. Doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.007
De La Fuente, G., Asnaghi, V., Chiantore, M., Thrush, S., Povero, P., Vassallo, P., Petrillo, M. & Paoli, C. (2019). The effect of Cystoseira canopy on the value of midlittoral habitats in NW Mediterranean, an emergy assessment. Ecological Modelling, 404, 1-11. Doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.04.005
DIN EN ISO 11885. (2009). Water quality Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)(ISO 11885: 2007); German version EN ISO, 2009, 11885.
EU. (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council, of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities.
Guiry M.D. & Guiry G.M. (2021). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 06 June 2021.
Gümüş, N. E., Aşıkkutlu B., Kesinkaya, H.B., Akköz, C. (2021). Comparison Of Heavy Metal Absorption Of Some Algae Isolated From Altınapa Dam Lake (Konya). Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 50-56. Doi:10.35229/jaes.809876
Haghshenas, V., Kafaei, R., Tahmasebi, R., Dobaradaran, S., Hashemi, S., Sahebi, S., Sorial, G.A. & Ramavandi, B. (2020). Potential of green/brown algae for monitoring of metal (loid) s pollution in the coastal seawater and sediments of the Persian Gulf: ecological and health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(7), 7463-7475. Doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07481-0
Kravtsova, A., Milchakova, N. & Frontasyeva, M. (2014). Elemental accumulation in the Black Sea brown algae Cystoseira studied by neutron activation analysis. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S, 21(1), 9-23. Doi:10.2478/eces-2014-0001
Lin, Z., Li, J., Luan, Y. & Dai, W. (2020). Application of algae for heavy metal adsorption: A 20-year meta-analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 190, 110089. Doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110089
Muhammed, E.A. (2020). The Problem Of Environmental Pollution In The Mediterranean Sea Along The Coast Of Turkey. Journal of Engineering Studies and Research, 26(2), 7-14.
Öztürk B.Y. & Akköz C. (2014). Investigation of water quality of Apa Dam Lake (Çumra-Konya) and according to the evaluation of PCA. Biodicon. 7(2), 136-147.
Pinto, E., Sigaud-Kutner, T.C.S., Leitao, M.A.S., Okamoto, O.K., Morse, D. & Colepicolo, P. (2003). Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress in algae. Journal of Phycology, 39, 1008-1018.
Ryabushko, V.I., Prazukin, A.V., Gureeva, E.V., Bobko, N.I., Kovrigina, N.P. & Nekhoroshev, M.V. (2017). Fucoxanthin and heavy metals in brown algae of genus Cystoseira C. Agardh from water areas with different anthropogenic influences (Black Sea). Marine Biological Journal, 2(2), 70-79. Doi:10.21072/mbj.2017.02.2.07
Sales, M., Cebrian, E., Tomas, F. & Ballesteros, E. (2011). Pollution impacts and recovery potential in three species of the genus Cystoseira (Fucales, Heterokontophyta). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 92(3), 347-357. Doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.01.008
Sellam, L.N., Blanfuné, A., Boudouresque, C.F., Thibaut, T., Zahaf, C.R. & Verlaque, M. (2017). Cystoseira montagnei J. Agardh and C. spinosa Sauvageau (Phaeophyceae, Sargassaceae): A Taxonomic Reappraisal of Misused Names, with the Proposal of Cystoseira michaelae Verlaque et al. nom. et stat. nov. Cryptogamie, Algologie, 38(2), 133-158. Doi:10.7872/crya/v38.iss2.2017.133
Szelag-Sikora, A., Niemiec, M. & Sikora, J. (2016). Assessment of the content of magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium in water and algae from the Black Sea in selected bays near Sevastopol. Journal of Elementology, 21(3) 915-926. Doi:10.5601/jelem.2015.20.4.969
Wells, M. L., Potin, P., Craigie, J. S., Raven, J. A., Merchant, S. S., Helliwell, K. E., Smith, A.G., Camire, M.E. & Brawley, S. H. (2017). Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. Journal of Applied Phycology, 29(2), 949-982. Doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0974-5
Yulianto, H., Damai, A. A., Delis, P. C. & Elisdiana, Y. (2017). Spatial analysis to evaluate the suitability of seaweed farming site in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(6), 1253-1261. Doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v17_6_18
Akdeniz Bölgesi’ nden (Antalya/ Türkiye) Alınan Makroalg Cystoseira foeniculacea ve Gongolaria montagnei Türlerinin Makro ve İz Element Seviyeleri
Sucul ekosistemler ve bu alanlarda yaşayan birincil üretici durumundaki algler, bu önemleri nedeniyle çok sayıda araştırmaya konu olmaktadır. Yaşadıkları alanın element kompozisyonunu göstermesi açısından makroalgler indikatör organizmalardır. Çalışmamızda, Akdeniz’ e kıyısı olan Antalya İli Serik İlçesi kıyı bölgesinden toplanan Cystoseira foeniculacea ve Gongolaria montagnei türlerine ait makroalglerin element analizleri yapılmıştır ve sonuçların birbirleriyle olan ilişkilerini göstermek amaçlı Pearson Korelasyon İndeksi (PCI) uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler yapılan diğer çalışmalarla kıyaslanmıştır. Makro elementler için Cystoseira foeniculacea ve Gongolaria montagnei türlerinde en yüksek değer K elementinde, en düşük değer P elementinde tespit edilmiştir. İz elementler için Cystoseira foeniculacea türünde en yüksek değer Fe elementinde, en düşük değer Mo elementinde, Gongolaria montagnei türünde en yüksek değer Fe elementinde, en düşük değer Cd elementinde tespit edilmiştir. Pearson Korelasyon İndeks analizine göre elementler arasında pozitif ve negatif yönde ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda elde edilen veriler daha önce gerçekleştirilen diğer çalışmaların verileriyle kıyaslandığında, sonuçların birbirleriyle benzerlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
Ahmad, H., Zhao, L., Liu, C., Cai, C. & Ma, F. (2021). Ultrasound assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction of inorganic arsenic from food and water samples using CdS nanoflowers combined with ICP-OES determination. Food Chemistry, 338, 128028. Doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128028
Ahmadpour, P., Ahmadpour, F., Mahmud, T.M.M., Abdu, A., Soleimani, M. & Tayefeh, F.H. (2012). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: A green technology. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(76), 14036-14043. Doi:10.5897/AJB12.459
Ak, İ., Çankırılıgil, E. C., Türker, G. & Sever, O. (2020). Assessment of light intensity and salinity regimes on the element levels of brown macroalgae, Treptacantha barbata: Application of response surface methodology (RSM). Food Science and Technology, (AHEAD). Doi:10.1590/fst.25220
Akköz, C., Arslan, D., Ünver, A., Özcan, M. M. & Yılmaz, B. (2011). Chemical composition, total phenolic and mineral contents of Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Kütz. and Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kütz. seaweeds. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 35(2), 513-523. Doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00399.x
Akcalı, I. & Küçüksezgin, F. (2011). A biomonitoring study: heavy metals in macroalgae from eastern Aegean coastal areas. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(3), 637-645. Doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.12.021
Al-Homaidan, A.A., Al-Ghanayem, A.A., Al-Qahtani, H.S., Al-Abbad, A.F., Alabdullatif, J.A., Alwakeel, S.S. & Ameen, F. (2021). Effect of sampling time on the heavy metal concentrations of brown algae: A bioindicator study on the Arabian Gulf coast. Chemosphere, 263, 127998. Doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127998
Arıcı, E., Bat, L. & Yıldız, G. (2019). Comparison Of Metal Uptake Capacities Of The Brown Algae Cystoseira barbata and Cystoseira crinita (Phaeophyceae) Collected In Sinop, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 28(1), 05-17.
Asghari, S., Salarzadeh, A.R., Rohani, K., Yahyavi, M. & Mohammadizadeh, F. (2017). Fatty acid profile of wild and farmed sandworms, Perinereis nuntia, in the coast of Bandar Abbas, Iran. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(5), 1049-1053. Doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v17_5_21
Berik, N. & Cankırılıgil, E.C. (2019). The elemental composition of green seaweed (Ulva rigida) collected from Çanakkale, Turkey. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 34(3), 74-79. Doi:10.26650/ASE2019557380
Orlando-Bonaca, M. & Trkov, D. (2020). After more than forty-five years a new finding of Cystoseira foeniculacea f. latiramosa in the coastal sea of Slovenia. Annales, Series Historia Naturalis, 30(2) 233-238. Doi:10.19233/ASHS.2020.28
Bonanno, G., Veneziano, V. & Piccione, V. (2020). The alga Ulva lactuca (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) as a bioindicator of trace element contamination along the coast of Sicily, Italy. Science of The Total Environment, 699, 134329. Doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134329
Cengiz, M.F., Kilic, S., Yalcin, F., Kilic, M. & Yalcin, M. G. (2017). Evaluation of heavy metal risk potential in Bogacayi River water (Antalya, Turkey). Environmental monitoring and assessment, 189(6), 248. Doi:10.1007/s10661-017-5925-3
Chakraborty, S., Bhattacharya, T., Singh, G. & Maity, J.P. (2014). Benthic macroalgae as biological indicators of heavy metal pollution in the marine environments: A biomonitoring approach for pollution assessment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 100, 61-68. Doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.003
Cheng, S.Y., Show, P.L., Lau, B.F., Chang, J.S. & Ling, T.C. (2019). New prospects for modified algae in heavy metal adsorption. Trends in Biotechnology, 37(11), 1255-1268. Doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.007
De La Fuente, G., Asnaghi, V., Chiantore, M., Thrush, S., Povero, P., Vassallo, P., Petrillo, M. & Paoli, C. (2019). The effect of Cystoseira canopy on the value of midlittoral habitats in NW Mediterranean, an emergy assessment. Ecological Modelling, 404, 1-11. Doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.04.005
DIN EN ISO 11885. (2009). Water quality Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)(ISO 11885: 2007); German version EN ISO, 2009, 11885.
EU. (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council, of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities.
Guiry M.D. & Guiry G.M. (2021). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 06 June 2021.
Gümüş, N. E., Aşıkkutlu B., Kesinkaya, H.B., Akköz, C. (2021). Comparison Of Heavy Metal Absorption Of Some Algae Isolated From Altınapa Dam Lake (Konya). Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 50-56. Doi:10.35229/jaes.809876
Haghshenas, V., Kafaei, R., Tahmasebi, R., Dobaradaran, S., Hashemi, S., Sahebi, S., Sorial, G.A. & Ramavandi, B. (2020). Potential of green/brown algae for monitoring of metal (loid) s pollution in the coastal seawater and sediments of the Persian Gulf: ecological and health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(7), 7463-7475. Doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07481-0
Kravtsova, A., Milchakova, N. & Frontasyeva, M. (2014). Elemental accumulation in the Black Sea brown algae Cystoseira studied by neutron activation analysis. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S, 21(1), 9-23. Doi:10.2478/eces-2014-0001
Lin, Z., Li, J., Luan, Y. & Dai, W. (2020). Application of algae for heavy metal adsorption: A 20-year meta-analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 190, 110089. Doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110089
Muhammed, E.A. (2020). The Problem Of Environmental Pollution In The Mediterranean Sea Along The Coast Of Turkey. Journal of Engineering Studies and Research, 26(2), 7-14.
Öztürk B.Y. & Akköz C. (2014). Investigation of water quality of Apa Dam Lake (Çumra-Konya) and according to the evaluation of PCA. Biodicon. 7(2), 136-147.
Pinto, E., Sigaud-Kutner, T.C.S., Leitao, M.A.S., Okamoto, O.K., Morse, D. & Colepicolo, P. (2003). Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress in algae. Journal of Phycology, 39, 1008-1018.
Ryabushko, V.I., Prazukin, A.V., Gureeva, E.V., Bobko, N.I., Kovrigina, N.P. & Nekhoroshev, M.V. (2017). Fucoxanthin and heavy metals in brown algae of genus Cystoseira C. Agardh from water areas with different anthropogenic influences (Black Sea). Marine Biological Journal, 2(2), 70-79. Doi:10.21072/mbj.2017.02.2.07
Sales, M., Cebrian, E., Tomas, F. & Ballesteros, E. (2011). Pollution impacts and recovery potential in three species of the genus Cystoseira (Fucales, Heterokontophyta). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 92(3), 347-357. Doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.01.008
Sellam, L.N., Blanfuné, A., Boudouresque, C.F., Thibaut, T., Zahaf, C.R. & Verlaque, M. (2017). Cystoseira montagnei J. Agardh and C. spinosa Sauvageau (Phaeophyceae, Sargassaceae): A Taxonomic Reappraisal of Misused Names, with the Proposal of Cystoseira michaelae Verlaque et al. nom. et stat. nov. Cryptogamie, Algologie, 38(2), 133-158. Doi:10.7872/crya/v38.iss2.2017.133
Szelag-Sikora, A., Niemiec, M. & Sikora, J. (2016). Assessment of the content of magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium in water and algae from the Black Sea in selected bays near Sevastopol. Journal of Elementology, 21(3) 915-926. Doi:10.5601/jelem.2015.20.4.969
Wells, M. L., Potin, P., Craigie, J. S., Raven, J. A., Merchant, S. S., Helliwell, K. E., Smith, A.G., Camire, M.E. & Brawley, S. H. (2017). Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. Journal of Applied Phycology, 29(2), 949-982. Doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0974-5
Yulianto, H., Damai, A. A., Delis, P. C. & Elisdiana, Y. (2017). Spatial analysis to evaluate the suitability of seaweed farming site in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(6), 1253-1261. Doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v17_6_18
Aşıkkutlu, B., & Okudan, E. Ş. (2021). Macro and Trace Element Levels of Macroalgae Cystoseira foeniculacea ve Gongolaria montagnei Species from Mediterranean Region (Antalya/ Turkey). Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(4), 757-764. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.950591
JAES/AAS-Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences/Anatolian Academic Sciences&Anadolu Çevre ve Hayvancılık Dergisi/Anadolu Akademik Bilimler-AÇEH/AAS