Effects of Two Different Triazole Fungicides Used for Sugar Beet on Soil Microbial Respiration

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 540 - 547, 31.12.2021

Burak Koçak , Şahin Cenkseven

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.946632

Abstract

Fungicide applications in agriculture may have harmful effects on non-target organisms like soil microorganisms. Toxicities of two different fungicides [Difenoconazole (D) and Difenoconazole+Propiconazole (DP)] for for sugar beet on soil microbial respiration were determined for short term in this study. Recommended field doses of fungicides (30 ml/da for D1 and 50 ml/da for DP1) and their 5 (D5 and DP10) and 10 folds (D10 and DP10) were mixed with soils with no previous pesticide application for this purpose.Soil microbial respirations were determined by the incubation of soil+fungicide mixtures under constant temperature (28°C) and moisture (80% of soil field capacity) for 42 days. All doses of both two fungicides significantly reduced soil microbial respiration in whole incubation period compared to control (P<0.05). In general, recommended field dose of difenoconazole had significant differences with its 5 folds and 10 folds, seperately while differences between DP1, DP5 and DP10 were found nonsignificant from the beginning of 7th day. Mean decrease amounts of 42 days of soil microbial respiration were found 11.1% for D1, 19.5% for D5, 22.8%for D10 while it was 12.8% for DP1, 15.2% for DP5 and 17.6% for DP10 compared to control. In conclusion, it may be suggested that all doses of both two fungicides had negative effects on microorganism activity in the clay soil that were used in this study and this negative effect was lower in the Difenoconazole+Propiconazole application.

Keywords

Difenoconazole, clay, proiconazole, soil biological activity, soil microbial respiration.

Şeker Pancarında Kullanılan İki Farklı Triazol Fungisidin Toprak Mikrobiyal Solunumuna Etkileri

Abstract

Tarımda fungisitlerin uygulanması toprak mikroorganizmaları gibi hedef olmayan organizmalara zararlı etkileri olabilir. Bu çalışmada, şeker pancarı yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan iki farklı fungisidin [Difenoconazole (D) ve Difenoconazole+Propiconazole (DP)] kısa dönemde toprakta mikrobiyal solunumuna olan toksisiteleri belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla fungisitlerin tavsiye edien tarla dozları (D1 için 30 ml/da ve DP1 için 50 ml/da) ile bu dozların 5 (D5 ve DP5) ve 10 katı (D10 ve DP10) daha önce pestisit uygulanmamış topraklara karıştırılmıştır. Toprak+fungisit karışımları sabit sıcaklık (28°C) ve nemde (tarla kapasitesinin %80’i kadar) 42 gün boyunca inkübe edilerek toprakların mikrobiyal solunumları belirlenmiştir. Her iki fungisitin tüm dozları kontrole göre toprak mikrobiyal solunumunu tüm inkübasyon süresince önemli bir biçimde azaltmıştır (P<0.05). Genel olarak, difenoconazole’in tavsiye edilen dozu ile bu dozun 5 ve 10 katları arasındaki farkları ayrı ayrı istatistiksel olarak önemli iken (P<0.05) inkübasyonun 7. gününden itibaren DP1, DP5 ve DP10 uygulamaları arasında önemli düzeyde fark saptanmamıştır.42 günlük toprak mikrobiyal solunumunun kontrole göre ortalama azalma oranları D1 için %11,1, D5 için %19,5, D10 için %22,8 iken DP1 için %12,8, DP5 için %15,2 ve DP10 için %17,6 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta her iki fungisitin tüm dozlarının çalışmada kullanılan killi topraktaki mikroorganizma aktivitesini olumsuz etkilediği ve bu olumsuz etkinin Difenoconazole+Propiconazole uygulamasında, daha düşük seviyede olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

Difenoconazole, kil, proiconazole, toprak biyolojik aktivitesi, toprak mikrobiyal solunumu

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