Derleme: Sürdürülebilir Havacılık Yakıtları Üretimi ve Çevresel Etkileri

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 182 - 190

Gonca Yaşar , Burcu Onat

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1626339

Abstract

Yakıttan kaynaklanan sera gazı emisyonlarına ilişkin düzenlemelerle birlikte, havacılık sektörünün küresel karbon salınımına katkısı %2,5’ tur. En büyük katkıyı yapan ticari uçuşlardan kaynaklanan karbon salınımının azaltılmasına yönelik çalışmalar da artış göstermektedir. Sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtı havacılık sektörünün karbon emisyonlarını azaltma hedeflerine önemli bir katkı sunmaktadır. Kullanımı onaylanan sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtları için uçaklarda herhangi bir değişikliğe gerek duyulmaması önemli bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtı üretiminde hammadde kaynağı olarak özellikle atıkların tercih edilmesi potansiyel çevresel etkilerin değerli enerji kaynaklarına dönüştürülmesiyle döngüsel ekonomiye teşvik ederek atıkların azaltılmasını da sağlamaktadır. Ticari uçuşlarda halihazırda sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtı kullanımı sınırlı olsa da uzun uçuşlardaki dekarbonizasyon potansiyeli yüksektir. Bununla birlikte hammadde kaynaklarının sınırlayıcı etkisi de göz önünde bulundurulması gereken bir durumdur. Yaşam döngü analizi, bir ürünün yaşam döngüsü boyunca, hammadde elde etme, üretim ve kullanım aşamalarından atık yönetimine kadar, potansiyel çevresel etkileri ve kullanılan kaynakları değerlendirmek için bir araç olarak tanımlanır. Yaşam döngü analizinin sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtlarına uygulanması fosil yakıtlara kıyasla sera gazı azaltım potansiyelinin somutlaştırılması bakımından önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu inceleme makalesinde havacılığın karbon emisyonlarına etkisi, yenilenebilir enerji alternatifi olarak sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtlarının (SAF) türleri, hammadde kaynakları, dönüşüm teknolojileri ve bu yakıt türlerinin yaşam döngü analizleriyle ilgili çalışmalardan bahsedilmiş aynı zamanda Türkiye’deki sürdürülebilir havacılık yakıtı talimatlarıyla birlikte SAF üretimini etkileyen diğer politikalara değinilmiştir.

Keywords

Sürdürülebilir Havacılık Yakıtı, Saf Üretimi, Yaşam Döngü Analizi

Review: Sustainable Aviation Fuels Production and Environmental Impacts

Abstract

The contribution of fuel-related greenhouse gas emissions to global carbon emissions from the aviation sector is 2.5%. The contribution of fuel-related greenhouse gas emissions to global carbon emissions from the aviation sector is 2.5%. The major emission contribution comes from commercial flights. Efforts to reduce carbon emissions are increased. Sustainable aviation fuel makes a significant contribution to the aviation sector's carbon emission reduction targets. Approved sustainable aviation fuels do not require any modifications to the aircraft, which is a significant advantage. Preferring waste as a feedstock source for sustainable aviation fuel production ensures that the potential environmental impacts of waste are converted into valuable energy resources and reduces waste by promoting a circular economy. While the use of sustainable aviation fuel is currently limited on commercial flights, the potential for decarbonization on extended flights is high. However, the limited availability of feedstocks must also be taken considered. Life cycle assessment is defined as a methodology for assessing the potential environmental impacts of a product's life cycle, including raw material procurement, utilization phases and waste management. Life cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuels plays an important role in reducing GHG emissions compared to fossil fuels. This review paper aims to examine that aviation carbon emissions and sustainable aviation fuels as a renewable energy alternative, feedstock sources, conversion pathways and life cycle assessments of sustainable aviation fuels. In addition, sustainable aviation fuel regulations in Turkey and other policies affecting SAF production are mentioned.

Keywords

Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Saf Production, Life Cycle Assessment

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