Karadeniz'deki mahmuzlu köpek balığı popülasyonundaki düşüşün nedenleri ve etkilerine ilişkin paydaş görüşleri

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 5, 718 - 728, 30.09.2025

Murat Dağtekin

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1735600

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Karadeniz’deki mahmuzlu köpekbalığı (Squalus acanthias) popülasyonlarında yaşanan dramatik düşüşü, hem ekolojik veriler hem de paydaş görüşlerini dikkate alarak incelemiştir. Tarihsel olarak özellikle Türkiye’nin Sinop bölgesinde bolca bulunan ve ticari olarak hedeflenen bu tür, aşırı avlanma, yaşam alanı tahribatı ve kıyıdaş ülkeler arasındaki yasal düzenleme boşlukları nedeniyle keskin bir azalma göstermiştir. Türkiye’de 2015 yılından bu yana uygulanan ulusal av yasağına rağmen, Karadeniz ülkeleri arasındaki koruma önlemlerinin tutarsızlığı, etkin bir toparlanmayı engellemektedir. Balıkçılar, sivil toplum kuruluşları, bilim insanları ve balıkçılık otoriteleriyle yapılan odak grup görüşmeleri, av yasağının sürdürülmesine yönelik geniş bir destek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Katılımcılar, türün azalmasının neden olduğu ekolojik dengesizlikler, göç yollarındaki bozulmalar ve gelişmiş av teknolojilerinin olumsuz etkileri gibi temel sorunlara dikkat çekmiştir. Paydaşlar, tesadüfi av kayıtlarının tutulmasının, deniz koruma alanlarının oluşturulmasının ve bölgesel düzenlemelerin uyumlaştırılmasının önemini vurgulamıştır.

Keywords

Squalus acanthias , Karadeniz , balıkçılık yönetimi , paydaş katılımı

Project Number

MTF/INT/943/MUL - BABY34 and GCP/RER/067/GFF (FishEBM-BS FSP).

Karadeniz'deki mahmuzlu köpek balığı popülasyonundaki düşüşün nedenleri ve etkilerine ilişkin paydaş görüşleri

Abstract

This study investigated the dramatic decline of piked dogfish (Squalus acanthias) populations in the Black Sea by incorporating both ecological data and stakeholder viewpoints. Historically abundant and commercially targeted, especially in Türkiye’s Sinop region, piked dogfish populations have sharply declined due to overfishing, habitat degradation, and regulatory gaps across riparian countries. Despite a national fishing ban in Türkiye since 2015, inconsistent conservation measures among Black Sea countries have hindered effective recovery. Focus group discussions with fishers, non-governmental organizations, scientists, and fisheries officials revealed broad support for continuing the fishing ban. The key concerns included ecological imbalances caused by the species’ decline, disrupted migratory routes, and adverse effects of advanced fishing technologies. Stakeholders emphasized the importance of documenting bycatch, establishing protected marine areas, and regionally harmonizing regulations.

Keywords

Black Sea , fisheries management Squalus acanthias , stakeholder engagement.

Supporting Institution

FAO

Project Number

MTF/INT/943/MUL - BABY34 and GCP/RER/067/GFF (FishEBM-BS FSP).

Thanks

The author gratefully acknowledge the logistical support provided by Onur Yılmaz, Tülin Erdem, and Seçkin Özcan.

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