Detection of Land Use Land Cover Changes with a Remote Sensing-Based Approach: The Izmir-Cesme Fire Example with Sentinel-2 Satellite Images

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 5, 667 - 675, 30.09.2025

Merve Kalaycı Kadak

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1753001

Abstract

The study aims to identify changes in land use and land cover (LULC) caused by the fire that occurred in the Çeşme and Urla districts of Izmir province (Türkiye) between July 2-4, 2025, by using remote sensing and geographic information systems. The main tools employed in the study are the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and ArcGIS software. The Dynamic World LULC classification system based on Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and active fire hotspots provided by the Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) database of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) were used for the analyses.
Following the fire, LULC analyses revealed a 22% change in the area, while NDVI analyses revealed an intense 22% loss in vegetation. The fact that the change areas align with NASA FIRMS’ fire hotspots can be an indicator of the spatial accuracy of this study that utilized remote sensing tools and methods. In this context, the results underscore that LULC status assessments in fire-affected areas can be performed reliably and rapidly using remote sensing tools. Moreover, the outcomes highlight the importance of remote sensing technologies in resilient and sustainable planning of areas under pressure from climate change and anthropogenic impacts. The study's methodology offers a holistic assessment approach for potential researchers and decision-makers that can be used in identifying LULC changes.

Keywords

Google Earth Engine (GEE) , Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) , Remote Sensing (RS) , Land Use Land Cover (LULC) , Sentinel-2 , Sustainable planning.

Uzaktan Algılamaya Dayalı Bir Yaklaşımla Arazi Kullanımı Arazi Örtüsü Değişiminin Tespiti: Sentinel-2 Uydu Görüntüleriyle İzmir-Çeşme Yangını Örneği

Abstract

Çalışma 2-4 Temmuz 2025 tarih aralığında İzmir’in Çeşme ve Urla ilçelerinde meydana gelen yangının arazi kullanımı arazi örtüsünde (AKAÖ) sebep olduğu değişimleri uzaktan algılama ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri yardımıyla tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın ana araçları Google Earth Engine (GEE) platformu ve ArcGIS yazılımıdır. Analizlerin yapılması için Sentinel-2 uydu görüntülerine dayanan Dynamic World AKAÖ sınıflandırma sistemi, normalize edilmiş vejetasyon fark indeksi (NDVI) ve Amerikan Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay Dairesi (NASA) tarafından sağlanan Kaynak Yönetimi için Yangın Bilgi Sistemi (FIRMS) veri tabanı tarafından sunulan aktif yangın noktaları kullanılmıştır.
Yangın sonrasında AKAÖ analizlerine göre alanın % 22 oranında değişime uğradığı, NDVI analizlerine göre ise, vejetasyonda % 22 oranında yoğun kayıp yaşandığı ortaya koyulmuştur. Değişim alanlarının, NASA FIRMS yangın noktaları ile uyum göstermesi; uzaktan algılama araç ve yöntemleri ile yapılan bu çalışmanın, mekânsal doğruluğunun bir göstergesi olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın sonuçları, yangın yaşanan alanlardaki AKAÖ durum tespitlerinin uzaktan algılama araçları kullanılarak, güvenilir ve hızlı olarak yapılabileceğinin altını çizmektedir. İklim değişikliği ve antropojen etkiler nedeniyle baskı altındaki alanların, daha dirençli ve sürdürülebilir olarak planlanmasında uzaktan algılama teknolojilerinin önemi vurgulamaktadır. Çalışmanın metodolojisi potansiyel araştırmacılar ve karar vericiler için, AKAÖ değişimlerinin tespitinde kullanılabilecek bütüncül bir değerlendirme yaklaşımı sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Google Earth Engine (GEE) , Normalize edilmiş vejetasyon fark indeksi , uzaktan algılama , Arazi kullanımı arazi örtüsü (AKAÖ) , Sentinel-2 , Sürdürülebilir planlama.

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