The Turreted Gun System Technology Integrated To The Helmet Mounted Display System

Abstract

This research aims to emphasize the operational importance of avionics subsystems integrated into helicopters, primarily used for assault purposes, such as the Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) and Turreted Gun Systems. It addresses the functional capabilities of HMDS in target detection and aiming, as well as the defense and engagement capabilities of Turreted Gun Systems against various threats. The focus of the research is on evaluating the parametric data, such as the dispersion of the Turreted Gun Systems and the targeting performance values of the HMDS, during their use together. It also assesses the transmission of this data through a Kalman filter before being sent to the Turreted Gun Systems to mitigate platform-induced disruptive factors. The findings help us understand the profound impact of technological advancements in helicopter avionics systems on operational effectiveness. Additionally, this study sheds light on the impact of dispersion values on hit performance during usage. It is assessed that the proposed method in this study will result in more stable data, and that controlling the Turreted Gun Systems with this stable data can enhance hit performance. The study can be further developed by examining subsystems with different performance characteristics and filtering methods.

Keywords

• The Turreted Gun System Technology
• The Helmet Mounted Display System
• The Estimation Theory

The Turreted Gun System Technology Integrated To The Helmet Mounted Display System

Abstract

Bu araştırma, yaygınlıkla taaruz amaçlı kullanılan helikopterlere entegre edilen aviyonik alt sistemlerden Kask Üzeri Gösterim Sistemi (HMDS) ve Taretli Top Sistemleri'nin operasyonel önemini vurgulamayı amaçlamıştır. HMDS'nin hedef tespiti ve nişan alma gibi fonksiyonel yetenekleri ile Taretli Top Sistemleri'nin çeşitli tehditlere karşı savunma, angaje olma kabiliyetlerini ele almaktadır. Araştırmanın odak noktası, Taretli Top Sistemleri'nin, HMDS ile birlikte kullanımı sırasında platform kaynaklı bozucu etkenler, Taretli Top Sistemleri'nin dispersiyon ve HMDS'nin hedefleme performans değerleri gibi parametrik verilerin elde edilmesi ve Taretli Top Sistem'ine iletilmeden önce Kalman filtresinden geçirilerek iletimini değerlendirmektir. Bulgular, helikopter aviyonik sistemlerindeki teknolojik gelişmelerin operasyonel etkinlik üzerindeki derin etkilerini anlamamıza yardımcı olurken, bu çalışma aynı zamanda dispersiyon değerlerinin kullanım sırasındaki vuruş başarım performansı üzerindeki etkilerini de aydınlatmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın önerdiği yöntem ışığında çıkan sonuçların daha stabil hale geleceği ve bu stabil verilerle Taretli Top Sistemleri'nin kontrol edilmesi sonrasında hedef vuruş başarım performansının artabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. Birbirinden farklı performans karakteristiğine sahip alt sistemlerin ve filtreleme metotlarının incelenmesi ile çalışma geliştirebilir.

Keywords

• Taretli Top Sistem Teknolojisi
• Kaska Monteli Görüntüleme Sistemi
• Tahmin Teorisi

References

1. Anderson, B. D., & Moore, J. B. (2012). Optimal Filtering. Dover Publications. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=iYMqLQp49UMC
2. Böhm, H.-D., & Erismann, P. (1997, October). NH90 TTH: The Mission Adaptable Helicopter-The Mission Flight Aids. Proceedings of the 23rd European Rotorcraft Forum, Dresden.
3. Böhm, H.-D., Evers, C., & Stenner, K. (1998, August). Tests with an integrated helmet system for the TIGER helicopter. (R. J. Lewandowski, L. A. Haworth, & H. J. Girolamo, Eds.) 3362. doi:10.1117/12.317439
4. Brindle, J. H. (1996). Advanced helmet tracking technology developments for naval aviation. In R. J. Lewandowski, L. A. Haworth, W. Stephens, & H. J. Girolamo (Ed.), Head-Mounted Displays. 2735, pp. 27–38. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.241902
5. Cameron, A. A., Trythall, S., & Barton, A. (1995, May). Helmet trackers: the future. In R. J. Lewandowski, W.
6. Stephens, & L. A. Haworth (Ed.), Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays and Symbology Design Requirements II. 2465, pp. 281–295. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.209748
7. Carter, S., & Cameron, A. (2000, April). Eurofighter helmet-mounted display - status update. Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays V. 4021. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.389153
8. Flint, J. R. (2016). System design and aircraft integration. SPIE, 2735. doi:10.14311/12

9. Foote, B., Melzer, J., & Collins, R. (2015, April). A history of helmet mounted displays at rockwell collins. Display Technologies and Applications for Defense, Security, and Avionics IX; and Head- and Helmet-Mounted Displays XX, 9470, 155–165. doi:10.1117/12.2181337
10. Garcia, R. V., Pardal, P. C., Kuga, H. K., & Zanardi, M. C. (2019, January). Nonlinear filtering for sequential spacecraft attitude estimation with real data: Cubature Kalman Filter, Unscented Kalman Filter and Extended Kalman Filter. Advances in Space Research, 63, 1038–1050. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2018.10.003
11. Grewal, M., & Andrews, A. (2008). Kalman filtering: theory and practice using MATLAB Third Edition. doi:10.1002/9780470377819
12. Heinecke, J. K. (2006, December). An evaluation of the AH-64 night vision systems for use in 21st century urban combat. Master's thesis, University of Tennessee.
13. Herranz, F., Muthukrishnan, K., & Langendoen, K. (2011, September). Camera pose estimation using particle filters. 2011 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation, 1–8. doi:10.1109/ipin.2011.6071919
14. Hewlett, D., & Cameron, A. A. (2000). Advances in rotary-wing helmet-mounted displays. In R. J. Lewandowski, L. A. Haworth, & H. J. Girolamo (Ed.), Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays V. 4021, pp. 79–89. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.389171
15. Huang, T., Jiang, H., Zou, Z., Ye, L., & Song, K. (2019). An Integrated Adaptive Kalman Filter for High-Speed UAVs. Applied Sciences, 9, 1916. doi:10.3390/app9091916
16. Kim, W. W. (2011, December). 3d head pose estimation using adaptive face template. Master's thesis, Yonsei University.
17. Kim, Y., & Bang, H. (2018, May). Introduction to kalman filter and its applications. In F. Govaers (Ed.), Introduction and Implementations of the Kalman Filter. Rijeka: IntechOpen. doi:10.5772/intechopen.80600
18. Li, X., Wang, K., Wang, W., & Li, Y. (2010). A multiple object tracking method using Kalman filter. The 2010 IEEE international conference on information and automation, (pp. 1862–1866). doi:10.1109/ICINFA.2010.5512258
19. Litvin, A., Konrad, J., & Karl, W. C. (2003). Probabilistic video stabilization using Kalman filtering and mosaicking. Image and Video Communications and Processing 2003, 5022, pp. 663–674. doi:10.1117/12.476436
20. Mulholland, F. (2002, August). Helmet-mounted display accuracy in the aircraft cockpit. In C. E. Rash, & C. E. Reese (Ed.), Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays VII. 4711, pp. 145–151. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.478866
21. Mulholland, F. F. (2000, June). Common software & interface for different helmet mounted display (HMD) aircraft symbology sets. In R. J. Lewandowski, L. A. Haworth, & H. J. Girolamo (Ed.), Helmet and Head-Mounted Displays V. 4021, pp. 264–271. SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.389156
22. Newman, R. L., & Greeley, K. W. (1997, November). Helmet-mounted display design guide. Tech. rep.
23. Nguyen, D.-d., Tran, H. S., Tran, T. T., Quoc, D. D., & Nguyen, H. T. (2021, June 27). Developing an Approach for Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Angular Velocity Sensors. Volume 02 Issue 01, vm02, 15–21. doi:10.23890/ijast.vm02is01.0102
24. Osder, S. (1991, October). Integrated flight/fire control for attack helicopters. IEEE/AIAA 10th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (pp. 287–298). IEEE. doi:10.1109/DASC.1991.177182
25. Rash, C. E., McLean, W. E., Mora, J. C., & Ledford, M. H. (1998, July). Design issues for helmet-mounted display systems for rotary-wing aviation. Tech. rep. doi:10.21236/ada352464
26. Rash, C. E., Russo, M. B., Letowski, T. R., & Schmeisser, E. T. (2009, January). Helmet-mounted displays: sensation, perception and cognition issues. Tech. rep., Army Aeromedical Research Lab Fort Rucker Al. doi:10.1037/e614362011-001
27. Ribeiro, I. (2004, April). Kalman and extended kalman filters: concept, derivation and properties. Tech. rep., Institute for Systems and Robotics.
28. Seidel, C., Samuelis, C., & Wegner, M. (2006, May). Novel approaches to helicopter obstacle warning. Proc SPIE. doi:10.1117/12.664042
29. Smith, S. D. (2001, May). The effects of head orientation on head/helmet vibration response. 30, 16.
30. So, R. H., & Griffin, M. J. (2000, April 10). Effects of a target movement direction cue on head-tracking performance. Ergonomics, 43, 360–376. doi:10.1080/001401300184468
31. Sorenson, H. W., & Alspach, D. L. (1971). Recursive Bayesian estimation using Gaussian sums. Automatica, 7, 465–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(71)90097-5
32. Strahl, G. A., & Center, C. C. (1990). Physical Simulation Testing of Armament Systems. US ARMY.
33. Vuong Anh, T., Tran, H., Dinh Dung, N., Nguyen, T.-t., Alharasees, O., & Kale, U. (2022, December 29). Improving Efficiency of Angular Velocity Sensors on Aircraft. International Journal of Aviation Science and Technology, vm03, 112–123. doi:10.23890/ijast.vm03is02.0205
34. Williams, J. N. (1987, September). A piloted simulation investigating handling qualities and performance requirements of a single-pilot helicopter in air combat employing a helmet-driven turreted gun. Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey, California: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School.