Uçak Teknisyenlerinde Negatif Vijilans Faktörlerin Analitik Belirlenmesi ve Vijilans Düzeylerinin Ölçümü

Abstract

Havacılık sektörü hatanın kabul edilemez olduğu sıfır hata toleransı ile işleyen bir sektördür. Havacılıkta uçuş emniyetinin sağlanması sürecinin başlangıcını ve önemli bir unsurunu uçuşa elverişlilik sağlayan bakım-onarım faaliyetleri oluşturmaktadır. Dikkat gerektiren kritik bakım faaliyetlerini yürüten teknisyenlerin psikolojik açıdan iyi bir halde olması ve yoğun tempoda süren çalışma esnasında emniyetli davranışlar sergilemesi gerekmektedir. Vijilans, dikkatin bir görev üzerinde uzun zaman sürdürülmesi ve genel bir zihinsel uyarılmışlık halidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı uçak teknisyenlerinin vijilans düzeyleri ile vijilans kayıplarının sebeplerini bir durum çalışması olarak incelemek ve havacılıkta vijilansın önemine vurgu yapmaktır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde İstanbul ilinde bulunan bir bakım işletmesinde yapılan bu araştırmanın, örneklem grubunu kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 45 teknisyen oluşturmaktadır. Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) anketi ve Otomatik Nöropsikolojik Değerlendirme Ölçütleri (ANAM4TM) ile NASA İş Yükü Endeksi (NASA-TLX) kullanılarak toplanan veriler, IBM SPSS 23 istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre; teknisyenlerde vijilans kaybına neden olan faktörlerin başında yorgunluk, uykusuzluk, iş yükü, stres ve termal konfor gelmektedir. Bununla beraber teknisyenlerin özellikle vardiya sonlarına doğru vijilans kayıpları yaşadığı görülmüştür. Araştırmanın havacılık emniyeti ile ilgili literatüre katkı yapacağı ve konuyla ilgili gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Uçak Teknisyeni
• Havacılık Emniyeti
• Vijilans
• Analitik Hiyerarşi

Analytical Determination of Negative Vigilance Factors and Measurement of Vigilance Levels in Aircraft Technicians

Abstract

The aviation industry is an industry that operates with zero error tolerance, where error is unacceptable. The beginning and an important element of the process of ensuring flight safety in aviation is maintenance-repair activities that provide airworthiness. Technicians who carry out critical maintenance activities that require attention must be in good psychological condition and display safe behaviors during intense work. Vigilance is the prolonged attention on a task and a general state of mental arousal. The aim of this research is to examine the vigilance levels of aircraft technicians and the causes of vigilance losses as a case study and to emphasize the importance of vigilance in aviation. For this purpose, the sample group of this research, which was carried out in a maintenance organization in Istanbul, consists of 45 technicians determined by convenience sampling method. Data collected using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) questionnaire and Automatic Neuropsychological Assessment Measures (ANAM4TM) and NASA Workload Index (NASA-TLX) were analyzed with IBM SPSS 23 statistical program. According to the findings of the research; Fatigue, insomnia, workload, stress and thermal comfort are the leading factors that cause loss of vigilance in technicians. However, it was observed that the technicians experienced vigilance losses, especially towards the end of the shift. It is thought that the research will contribute to the literature on aviation safety and will shed light on future studies on the subject.

Keywords

• Aircraft Technician
• Aviation Safety
• Vigilance
• Analytical Hierarchy

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