Modern Havacılık Sektöründe Alternatif Enerji Kaynakları: Sürdürülebilirlik Hedeflerine Doğru Adımlar

Abstract

21. yüzyılın modern havacılık sektörü, sürdürülebilirlikle ilgili önemli zorluklarla karşı karşıyadır, özellikle aşırı güç ve enerji gereksinimleriyle tanımlanan uçakların kullanımıyla. Bu çalışma, havacılık sektörünün sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerine ulaşmasına yardımcı olabilecek alternatif enerji kaynaklarını incelemektedir. Sentetik kerosen için biyoyakıt yolları, likit hidrojen, amonyak, sıvı doğal gaz, etanol, metanol ve elektrik sistemleri gibi enerji kaynakları, geleneksel fosil kökenli havacılık yakıtlarıyla karşılaştırılmaktadır. Ancak, bu alternatif enerji kaynaklarıyla ilgili teknik ve ekonomik konuların çözülmesi gerekmektedir. Uçak performansı, malzeme özellikleri, emisyonlar, maliyet ve ölçeklenebilirlik, kaynak ve arazi gereksinimleri, sosyal etkiler gibi faktörler dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu inceleme, biyo-jet yakıtları, sentetik kerosen üretim yolları, sıvı doğal gaz ve likit hidrojenin teknik açıdan uygulanabilir olduğunu ve çevresel açıdan katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Ancak, yenilenebilir olmayan üretim yollarıyla ilgili sorunlar, tamamen sürdürülebilir bir havacılık ekosistemi için kalıcı çözüm oluşturmamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, sentetik kerosenin fosil kökenli türbin yakıtlarından geçiş senaryoları, likit hidrojen ve pil elektrik sistemlerinin eş zamanlı benimsenmesini önermektedir.

Keywords

• Sürdürülebilir Havacılık
• Havacılık Yakıtları
• Sentetik Kerosen

Alternative Energy Sources in the Modern Aviation Sector: Steps Toward Sustainability Goal

Abstract

The aviation sector in the 21st century faces a significant challenge in sustainability, particularly with the use of aircraft characterized by excessive power and energy requirements. This study examines alternative energy sources that could assist the aviation sector in achieving its sustainability goals. Energy sources such as biofuel pathways for synthetic kerosene, liquid hydrogen, ammonia, liquid natural gas, ethanol, methanol, and electric systems are compared with traditional fossil-origin aviation fuels. However, resolving technical and economic issues associated with these alternative energy sources is imperative. Factors such as aircraft performance, material properties affecting fuel processing, emissions, cost and scalability, resource and land requirements, and social impacts must be considered. This review indicates that bio-jet fuels, synthetic kerosene production pathways, liquid natural gas, and liquid hydrogen are technically feasible and can contribute environmentally. However, issues related to non-renewable production pathways pose challenges, offering no permanent solution for a fully sustainable aviation ecosystem. Consequently, transition scenarios from fossil-origin turbine fuels to synthetic kerosene propose the simultaneous adoption of liquid hydrogen and battery electric systems.

Keywords

• Sustainable Aviation
• Aviation Fuels
• Synthetic Kerosene

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