How Does the Entomopatogenic Fungi Exposure of Forager Workers Affect the Other Individuals in Colony in Bumblebees?

Abstract

In this study, effect of three entomopathogenic fungi (% 1.5 Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-1, % 1.5 Lecanicillium lecani strain V1-1 and % 1.5 Paecilomyces fumosoreus strain PFs-1) on Bombus terrestris workers was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Workers were exposed to recommended doses of entomopathogenic fungi by topical application and dry film method. Of the 30 workers in each colony, 15 of them were marked in blue and 15 of them were marked in red on their thorax. While the blue marked workers were put back to their own nests without any application, red marked workers were put back after entomopathogenic fungi exposure. Thus, it was investigated whether the entomopatogenic fungi exposure of some workers in B. terrestris colonies causes death or not in (i) in exposed workers (ii) in other workers in the same colony, and (iii) in workers that emerged after entomopathogenic fungi application in the same colony. Results showed that death values for all three cases were low level to adversely affect the colony development.

Keywords

• Bombus terrestris
• Forager worker
• Biopesticide
• Entomopathogenic fungi

Bombus Arılarında Tarlacı İşçi Arıların Entomopatojen Funguslara Maruz Kalması Kolonideki Diğer Bireyleri Nasıl Etkiler?

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, üç farklı entomopatojen fungusun (% 1,5 Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-1, % 1,5 Lecanicillium lecani strain V1-1 ve % 1,5 Paecilomyces fumosoreus strain PFs-1) Bombus terrestris işçi arılarına etkisi kontrollü laboratuvar koşullarda araştırılmıştır. İşçi arılar topikal uygulama ve kuru film tekniği ile entomopatojen fungusların önerilen arazi dozlarına maruz bırakılmıştır. Her kolonideki 30 adet işçi arının 15 adeti mavi, 15 adeti ise kırmızı olacak şekilde göğüs bölümlerinden markalanmıştır. Mavi boyalı işçi arılar herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadan, kırmızı boyalı işçi arılar ise entomopatojen funguslara maruz bırakıldıktan sonra kendi yuvalarına geri konulmuştur. Böylece, B. terrestris kolonilerdeki işçi arıların bazılarının entomopatojen funguslar ile temas etmesinin (i) temas eden işçi arılarda (ii) aynı kolonideki diğer işçi arılarda ve (iii) aynı kolonide temas sonrasında ergin hale gelen işçi arılarda ölüme yol açıp açmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, her üç durum için gözlemlenen işçi arı ölümlerinin kolonilerin gelişim sürecini olumsuz etkilemeyecek kadar düşük düzeyde gerçekleştiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Bombus terrestris
• Tarlacı işçi arı
• Biyopestisit
• Entomopatojen fungus,

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