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Death of the Second Wave?: Men and the Backlash against Second Wave Feminists in Wendy Wasserstein’s An American Daughter

Year 2018, Issue: 48, 1 - 22, 01.04.2018

Abstract

This article examines Wendy Wasserstein’s commentary on the backlash against to the Second Wave of Feminism through one of her most serious plays, An American Daughter 1997 . It explores how and why men participated in the backlash against feminism, resulting in the downfall of Second Wave feminists. The analysis concludes that men reacted to the Second Wave in a reactionary manner as it threatened not only their masculinity and authority, but also their professional careers. The men in An American Daughter resist and react to change because in their world, a woman is still defined by her patriarchal connections. Therefore, the protagonist Lyssa’s existence is meaningless without the approval of the men in her life. Walter, Alan, Morrow, Timber, and even Lyssa’s sons take active parts in the backlash against women, mainly to protect their manhood

References

  • Bailey, Cathryn. “Making Waves and Drawing Lines: The Politics of Defining the Vicissitudes of Feminism.” Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy. 12.3 (1997): 17–28. Print.
  • Balakian, Jan. Reading the Plays of Wendy Wasserstein. New York: Applause Theatre and Cinema, 2010. Print.
  • ---. “Wendy Wasserstein: A Feminist Voice from the Seventies to the Present.” The Cambridge Companion to American Women Playwrights. Ed. Brenda Murphy. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999. 213–231. Print.
  • Bigsby, C.W.E. “Wendy Wasserstein.” Contemporary American Playwrights. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999. 330–368. Print.
  • Ciociola, Gail. Wendy Wasserstein: Dramatizing Women, Their Choices and Their Boundaries. Jefferson: McFarland, 1998. Print.
  • Connell, R.W. Masculinities. Berkeley: U of California P, 2005. Print.
  • ---. “A Very Straight Gay: Masculinity, Homosexual Experience, and the Dynamics of Gender.” American Sociological Review. 57.6 (1992): 735–751. Web. 09 Apr. 2016. .
  • De Hart, Jane Sharron. “Second-Wave Feminists and the Dynamics of Social Change.” Women’s America: Refocusing the Past. Eds. Linda K. Kerber and Jane Sharron De Hart. New York: Oxford UP, 2004. 598–623. Print.
  • Dolan, Jill. “Feminist Performance Criticism and the Popular: Reviewing Wendy Wasserstein.” Theatre Journal. 60.3 (2008): 433–457. Print.
  • Douglas, Susan J. Where the Girls Are: Growing Up Female with the Mass Media. New York: Three Rivers, 1995. Print.
  • Kimmel, Michael S. Manhood in America: A Cultural History. New York: Oxford UP, 2012. Print.
  • ---. Angry White Men: American Masculinity at the End of an Era. New York: Nation Books, 2013. Print.
  • Lively, Frazer. “Wendy Wasserstein.” The Methuen Drama Guide to Contemporary American Playwrights. Eds. Martin Middeke, et al. New York: Bloomsbury, 2014. 411–430. Print.
  • Mailer, Norman. The Prisoner of Sex. Boston: Little and Brown, 1971. Print.
  • Mandl, Bette. “Women’s Movement: The Personal as Political in the Plays of Wendy Wasserstein.” Wendy Wasserstein: A Casebook. Ed. Claudia Barnett. New York: Garland, 1999. 3– 11. Print.
  • Millett, Kate. Sexual Politics. Garden City: Doubleday, 1970.
  • Park, Yong–Nam. “‘The Melting Pot Where Nothing Melted’: The Politics of Subjectivity in the Plays of Suzan-Lori Parks, Wendy Wasserstein, and Tony Kushner.” PhD Dissertation, Indiana U of Pennsylvania, 2008. Print.
  • Roark, James L., et al. The American Promise: A History of the United States, Vol. 2. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2012. Print.
  • Rogers, Mary F. and Lott, Philip B. “Backlash, the Matrix of Domination, and Log Cabin Republicans.” The Sociological Quarterly. 38.3 (1997): 497–512. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. .
  • Rosen, Ruth. The World Split Open: How the Modern Women’s Movement Changed America. New York: Penguin, 2000. Print.
  • Salamon, Julie. Wendy and the Lost Boys: The Uncommon Life of Wendy Wasserstein. New York: Penguin, 2011. Print.
  • Tunc, Tanfer. Feminism’s Unfinished Legacy: Critiques of Gender and Racial Inequality in Contemporary American Women’s Literature. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2011. Print.
  • Vaid, Urvashi. Virtual Equality: The Mainstreaming of Gay and Lesbian Liberation. New York: Anchor Books, 1995. Print.
  • Walker, Rebecca. “Becoming the Third Wave” (1992). Women: Images and Realities. A Multicultural Anthology. Eds. Amy Kesselman, Lily D. McNair, Nancy Schniedewind and Suzanne Kelly. 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2008. 699-601. Print.
  • Wasserstein, Wendy. An American Daughter. Fort Washington: Harvest Book Company, 1999. Print.
  • ---. The Heidi Chronicles. New York: Dramatists Play Service Inc., 1990. Print.
  • ---. Isn’t It Romantic. The Heidi Chronicles and Other Plays. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, 1990. Print.
  • ---. The Sisters Rosensweig. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1993. Print.
  • Wolf, Naomi. The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used against Women (1991). New York: HarperCollins, 2002.

İkinci Dalga Öldü Mü? Wendy Wasserstein’ın An American Daughter2 Adlı Oyununda Erkekler ve İkinci Dalga Feminizm Karşıtlığı

Year 2018, Issue: 48, 1 - 22, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Bu makale, Wendy Wasserstein’in An American Daughter 1997 adlı oyununda İkinci Dalga Feminizm karşıtı tepkileri nasıl ele aldığını incelemektedir. Bununla beraber, erkeklerin İkinci Dalga feministlerin çöküşüne sebep olan bu karşı tepkiye nasıl ve neden katıldığını da ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, erkekliklerinin, otoritelerinin ve profesyonel hayatlarının tehdit altında olduğu hissine kapılan erkeklerin, İkinci Dalga Feminizm karşısında eleştirel bir tutum sergilemiş oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. An American Daughter oyunundaki erkekler değişime direnirler, çünkü onların dünyalarında kadınlar hala ataerkil toplum kuralları üzerinden tanımlanmaktadır. Bu yüzden, oyunun başkahramanı olan Lyssa’nın varlığı hayatındaki erkeklerin onayı olmadan anlamsızdır. Oyundaki erkek karakterlerin hepsi Walter, Alan, Morrow, Timber ve hatta Lyssa’nın iki oğlu , tehdit altında olan erkekliklerini korumak adına kadınlara ve feminizme karşı tepkilere aktif olarak katılıp Lyssa’nın hayatını olumsuz yönde etkilerler

References

  • Bailey, Cathryn. “Making Waves and Drawing Lines: The Politics of Defining the Vicissitudes of Feminism.” Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy. 12.3 (1997): 17–28. Print.
  • Balakian, Jan. Reading the Plays of Wendy Wasserstein. New York: Applause Theatre and Cinema, 2010. Print.
  • ---. “Wendy Wasserstein: A Feminist Voice from the Seventies to the Present.” The Cambridge Companion to American Women Playwrights. Ed. Brenda Murphy. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999. 213–231. Print.
  • Bigsby, C.W.E. “Wendy Wasserstein.” Contemporary American Playwrights. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999. 330–368. Print.
  • Ciociola, Gail. Wendy Wasserstein: Dramatizing Women, Their Choices and Their Boundaries. Jefferson: McFarland, 1998. Print.
  • Connell, R.W. Masculinities. Berkeley: U of California P, 2005. Print.
  • ---. “A Very Straight Gay: Masculinity, Homosexual Experience, and the Dynamics of Gender.” American Sociological Review. 57.6 (1992): 735–751. Web. 09 Apr. 2016. .
  • De Hart, Jane Sharron. “Second-Wave Feminists and the Dynamics of Social Change.” Women’s America: Refocusing the Past. Eds. Linda K. Kerber and Jane Sharron De Hart. New York: Oxford UP, 2004. 598–623. Print.
  • Dolan, Jill. “Feminist Performance Criticism and the Popular: Reviewing Wendy Wasserstein.” Theatre Journal. 60.3 (2008): 433–457. Print.
  • Douglas, Susan J. Where the Girls Are: Growing Up Female with the Mass Media. New York: Three Rivers, 1995. Print.
  • Kimmel, Michael S. Manhood in America: A Cultural History. New York: Oxford UP, 2012. Print.
  • ---. Angry White Men: American Masculinity at the End of an Era. New York: Nation Books, 2013. Print.
  • Lively, Frazer. “Wendy Wasserstein.” The Methuen Drama Guide to Contemporary American Playwrights. Eds. Martin Middeke, et al. New York: Bloomsbury, 2014. 411–430. Print.
  • Mailer, Norman. The Prisoner of Sex. Boston: Little and Brown, 1971. Print.
  • Mandl, Bette. “Women’s Movement: The Personal as Political in the Plays of Wendy Wasserstein.” Wendy Wasserstein: A Casebook. Ed. Claudia Barnett. New York: Garland, 1999. 3– 11. Print.
  • Millett, Kate. Sexual Politics. Garden City: Doubleday, 1970.
  • Park, Yong–Nam. “‘The Melting Pot Where Nothing Melted’: The Politics of Subjectivity in the Plays of Suzan-Lori Parks, Wendy Wasserstein, and Tony Kushner.” PhD Dissertation, Indiana U of Pennsylvania, 2008. Print.
  • Roark, James L., et al. The American Promise: A History of the United States, Vol. 2. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2012. Print.
  • Rogers, Mary F. and Lott, Philip B. “Backlash, the Matrix of Domination, and Log Cabin Republicans.” The Sociological Quarterly. 38.3 (1997): 497–512. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. .
  • Rosen, Ruth. The World Split Open: How the Modern Women’s Movement Changed America. New York: Penguin, 2000. Print.
  • Salamon, Julie. Wendy and the Lost Boys: The Uncommon Life of Wendy Wasserstein. New York: Penguin, 2011. Print.
  • Tunc, Tanfer. Feminism’s Unfinished Legacy: Critiques of Gender and Racial Inequality in Contemporary American Women’s Literature. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2011. Print.
  • Vaid, Urvashi. Virtual Equality: The Mainstreaming of Gay and Lesbian Liberation. New York: Anchor Books, 1995. Print.
  • Walker, Rebecca. “Becoming the Third Wave” (1992). Women: Images and Realities. A Multicultural Anthology. Eds. Amy Kesselman, Lily D. McNair, Nancy Schniedewind and Suzanne Kelly. 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2008. 699-601. Print.
  • Wasserstein, Wendy. An American Daughter. Fort Washington: Harvest Book Company, 1999. Print.
  • ---. The Heidi Chronicles. New York: Dramatists Play Service Inc., 1990. Print.
  • ---. Isn’t It Romantic. The Heidi Chronicles and Other Plays. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, 1990. Print.
  • ---. The Sisters Rosensweig. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1993. Print.
  • Wolf, Naomi. The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used against Women (1991). New York: HarperCollins, 2002.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Duygu Beste Başer

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 48

Cite

MLA Başer, Duygu Beste. “Death of the Second Wave?: Men and the Backlash Against Second Wave Feminists in Wendy Wasserstein’s An American Daughter”. Journal of American Studies of Turkey, no. 48, 2018, pp. 1-22.

JAST - Journal of American Studies of Turkey