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A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE STANDARDS OF ACCESSIBLE (DISABLED FRIENDLY) ACCOMMODATION ENTERPRISES

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 91 - 114, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Legal and structural arrangements are made in many countries, especially in developed countries, in order for the disabled population to benefit from accommodation businesses equally and with dignity in the context of the right to travel and benefit from tourism activities of the disabled population, which is rapidly increasing in the world and in our country. With the implementation of these regulations, it is observed that the number of disabled individuals participating in tourism activities has increased. Structural arrangements that allow individuals with disabilities to have their holidays alone and freely and benefit from the activities offered, without the need for any assistance or with very little assistance, provide significant contributions. In this study, it is aimed to determine the standards of disabled-friendly accommodation businesses as a result of examining the data obtained from the studies in the in accessible tourism literature on the disabled-friendly accommodation enterprises that allow disabled individuals to have a free, dignified and equal holiday. In the context of accessible tourism, studies that reveal the needs, wishes and suggestions of the disabled individuals forming the demand front and the accommodation establishments forming the supply front are discussed. In addition, the work carried out by the relevant public institutions, especially the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Ministry of Family and Social Policies, which have the duty to meet the expectations of both fronts and bear legal responsibility, were examined. In this direction, a draft study was prepared to determine and regulate the standards of disabled friendly accommodation establishments.

References

  • ADA (2002). Ada Accessibility Guiede lines for Buldings and Facilities (Adaag) Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2021 www.access-board.gov.
  • ADA (2005). A Guide to Disability Rights Laws. Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2021 www.ada.gov.
  • Buhalis, D., Michopoulou, E., Eichhorn, V. ve Miller, G. (2005). Accessibility Market and Stakeholder Analysis-One-Stop-Shop for Accessible Tourism in Europe (OSSATE). Surrey: University of Surrey. Buhalis, D. ve Darcy, S. (2011). Accessible Tourism: Concepts and Issues. Channel View Publications, Bristol.
  • Burnett, J. ve Bender-Baker, H. (2001). Assesing the Travel Related Behaviors of the Mobility Disabled Consumer. Journal of Travel Research, 40(1), 4-11.
  • Çakmak, N. M. (2008). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki Engelli Tanımı Hakkında Bir İnceleme. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 57(2): 63-114.
  • Cameron, B. (2000). Easy Access Australia (2nd edn). Kew, Vic: Kew Publishing.
  • Cameron, B. Darcy, S. ve Foggin, E. (2003). Barrier-freetourismforpeoplewithdisabilities in theasianandpasificregion. New York: United Nations Publications.
  • Crawford, D. ve Godbey, G. (1987). Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences. 9(2): 119-127.
  • CUD-Center for Universal Design- (2020). Principles of Universal Design. https://projects.ncsu.edu/ncsu/design/cud/about_ud/udprinciples.htm. Erişim Tarihi: 28.11.2020.
  • Çizel, B., Sönmez, N. ve Akıncı Z.(2012). Antalya’da Engelli Turizminin Gelişimi İçin Arz ve Talep Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Araştırma Raporu, ss.87, 2012.
  • Dağcı, E. (2009). Engelsiz Tatil Mümkün Mü? Yalova Ortopedikler Spor Klübü Engelsiz Dünya Dergisi, 2, 1-18.
  • Daniels, M., Drogin Rodgers, E.B. ve Vİggins, B.P. (2005). “Travel Tales”: An interpretive analysis of constraints and negotiations to pleasure travelI as experienced by persons with physical disabilities. Tourism Management, 26 (6),919-930.
  • Darcy, S. (1998). Anxiety to Access: Tourism Patterns and Experi¬ences of New South Wales People with a Physical Disability. Sydney: Tourism New South Wales.
  • Darcy, S. (2002). Marginalised participation: Physical disability, high support needs and tourism, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 9 (1), 61-72.
  • Darcy, S. (2006). Setting a research agenda for accessible tourism. In C. Cooper, T.D.Iacy and L. Jago (eds) STCRC Technical Report Series (p.48). At http://www. crctourism.com.au/BookShop/BookDetail.aspx?d=473.
  • Darcy, S. (2009). Inherent complexity: Disability, accessible tourism and accommodation information preferences. Tourism Management, 31 (2010), 816-826.
  • Darcy, S. ve Dickson, J. T. (2009). A whole-of-life approach to tourism: the case for accessible tourism experiences. Journal of Hospitality And Tourism Management. 16(1): 32-44.
  • DİE (Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü) (2002). Türkiye Özürlülük Araştırması. Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü Başkanlığı Raporu, Yayın Numarası 2913, Ankara.
  • Figueiredo, E.,Eusébio, C. andKastenholz, E. (2012). How diverse are tourists with disabilities? a pilot study on accessible leisure tourism experiences in Portugal. International Journal of Tourism Research, 14(6): 531-550.
  • HI (2020). One billion people with disabilities. https://hi-canada.org/en/one-billion-people-with-disabilities-the-world-s-biggest-minority. Erişim tarihi:16.11.2020.
  • Iwarsson, S. ve Stahl, A. (2003). Accessibility, usability and universal design–positioning and definition of concepts describing person-environment relationships. Disability & Rehabilitation, 25(2), 57-66.
  • Halden, D. (2009). 10 Years Of Accessıbılıty Plannıng In The Uk - What Has Been Achieved? Association for European Transport and contributors, 1-11.
  • Jensen, G., Iwarson, S. ve Sahl, A. (2002). Theorical Understanding and Methodological Challenges in Accessibility Assestments, Focusing the Environmental Component: An Example from Travel Chains in Urban Public Bus Transport. Disability and Rehabilitation 24(5), 231-242.
  • Kanada Oxford Sözlüğü (1998). Toronto: Oxford University Press.
  • KTB (2019). Bakanlık Belgeli Tesisler. http://yigm.kulturturizm.gov.tr/TR-201136/turizm-yatirim-ve-isletme-bakanlik-belgeli-tesis-istati-.html/Erişim 06.04.2020.
  • Madden R. vd. (1997). Demand for disability support services in Australia: size, cost and growth. Canberra, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
  • Mesci,M. Öztürk, E., Mesci,Z. (2014). Akçakoca’nın Engelli Turizm Potansiyelini Değerlendirilmesi, 15. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi, Ankara.
  • Murat, S. (2009). Genel Olarak Özürlülere Yönelik Çalışmalar ve İSMEK Örneği. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, 56. Kitap, İ.Ü. Yayın No. 4806.
  • Olcay, A., Giritlioğlu, İ. ve Parlak, Ö. (2014). ENAT (European Network ForAccessibleTourism-Avrupa Erişilebilir Turizm Ağı) ile Türkiye’nin Erişilebilir Turizme Yönelik Otel İşletmelerini Kapsayan Düzenlemeleri ve Bu Düzenlemelerin Karşılaştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi. 1(2): 127-144.
  • O'Neil, M. ve Ali Knight, J. (2000). Accessing Disability Tourism Dollar - Implıcatıons for Hotel Enterprises in Western Australia. Paper presented at the Peak performance in tourism and hospitality research, Mt Buller, Victoria, Australia,2-5 February.
  • Öztürk, M. (2012). Türkiye’de Engelli Gerçeği Raporu. Canda Özür Olmaz Derneği , İstanbul.
  • Papamichail, K. (2012). Accesssible Hotels: Design Essentials. In the Book “Best Practice in Accessble Tourism” (Edited by Buhalis,D., Darcy,S. and Ambrose, I.) Channel View Publications, Toronto.
  • Serpa Blog (2020). Erişilebilirlik Nedir? https://sherpa.blog/sozluk/erisilebilirlik-nedir Erişim Tarihi:23.11.2020.
  • Shaw, G. ve Coles, T. (2004). Disability, holiday making and the tourism industry in the UK: A preliminary survey, Tourism Management ,25,397-403.
  • Shaw, G. (2007). Disability legislation and empowerment of tourists with disability in the United Kingdom. In A. Church and T. Coles (eds) Tourism, Poıver and Space,pp. 83-100, London: Routledge.
  • Smith, M. L., Amorim, E. ve Umbelino, J. (2014). Accessible tourism and disability service information provided on leading airline websites: A content analysis. International Journal For ResponsibleTourism. 2(4): 7-23.
  • Tellioğlu, S. ve Şimşek, N. (2016). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Engelli Dostu Turizm. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(33), 552-567.
  • TÜİK (2020). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Haber Bülteni. Sayı:33669, 1-4. Tütüncü, Ö. ve Aydın, İ. (2013). Ulaşılabilir turizm. Anatolia Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 24 (2), 261-262.
  • UN (1982). World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources/world-programme-of-action-concerning-disabled-persons.html. Erişim tarihi: 23.11.2020.
  • UNWHO (2011). Dünya Engellilik Raporu. DSÖ Kütüphanesi ve Yayın Kataloğu Verileri. Anıl Grup Matbaa, Ankara.
  • UNWTO (2016). Manual on Accessible Tourism for All: Principles, Tools and Best Practices–Module I: Accessible Tourism – Definition and Context.
  • UNWTO (2020a). World Tourism Barometer Report. 18(1),1-6.
  • UNWTO (2020b). World Tourism Barometer Report. 18(2),1-22.
  • Vignuda, J-L. (2001). Promotion of Barrier-Free Tourism for People with Disabilities in the Asian and Pacific Region. Tokyo: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pasific(ESCAP).
  • Wu, Y. ve Cheng, M. (2008) Accessible tourism for the disabled: Long tail theory. Emerging Technologies and Information Systems for the Knowledge Society (p. 572). Heidelberg: Springer.
  • Yates, K. (2007) Understanding the experiences of mobility-disabled tourists. International, Journal of Tourism Policy 1 (2), 153-166.
  • Yau, M.K., McKercher, B. ve Packer, T.L. (2004). Traveling with a disability: More than an access issue, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(4),946-960.
  • Zengin, B. ve Eryılmaz, B. (2013). Bodrum Destinasyonunda Engelli Turizm Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 6(11), 51-74.

ERİŞİLEBİLİR (ENGELLİ DOSTU) KONAKLAMA İŞLETMELERİNİN STANDARTLARININ BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ÇALIŞMA

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 91 - 114, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Dünya’da ve ülkemizde hızla artan engelli nüfusunun temel seyahat etme ve turizm faaliyetlerinden yararlanma hakkı bağlamında başta gelişmiş ülkelerde olmak üzere birçok ülkede engellilerin diğer bireylerle birlikte eşit ve onurlu bir şekilde konaklama işletmelerinden yararlanabilmesi için yasal ve yapısal düzenlemeler yapılmaktadır. Bu düzenlemelerin hayata geçirilmeye başlanmasıyla birlikte turizm faaliyetlerine katılan engelli bireylerin sayısının arttığı gözlemlenmektedir. Özellikle engelli bireylerin konaklama işletmelerinde herhangi bir yardıma gereksinim duymadan veya çok az bir yardım desteğiyle tek başına ve özgür bir şekilde tatil yapabilmesine ve sunulan faaliyetlerden yararlanabilmesine imkân sağlayan yapısal düzenlemeler önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada erişilebilir turizm alanyazınında engelli bireylerin özgür, onurlu ve eşit bir şekilde tatil yapmasına imkân sağlayan engelli dostu konaklama işletmeleri konusunda yapılan çalışmaların ve bu çalışmalarda elde edilen verilerin incelenmesi sonucunda engelli dostu konaklama işletmeleri standartlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Erişilebilir turizm bağlamında, talep cephesini oluşturan engelli bireylerin ve arz cephesini oluşturan konaklama işletmelerinin gereksinimlerini, isteklerini ve önerilerini ortaya koyan çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, her iki cephenin beklentilerini karşılama görevi olan ve yasal sorumluluk taşıyan başta Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı ve Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı olmak üzere ilgili kamu kuruluşlarının yapmış olduğu çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda engelli dostu konaklama işletmeleri standartlarının saptanması ve düzenlenmesi için taslak çalışma hazırlanmıştır.

References

  • ADA (2002). Ada Accessibility Guiede lines for Buldings and Facilities (Adaag) Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2021 www.access-board.gov.
  • ADA (2005). A Guide to Disability Rights Laws. Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2021 www.ada.gov.
  • Buhalis, D., Michopoulou, E., Eichhorn, V. ve Miller, G. (2005). Accessibility Market and Stakeholder Analysis-One-Stop-Shop for Accessible Tourism in Europe (OSSATE). Surrey: University of Surrey. Buhalis, D. ve Darcy, S. (2011). Accessible Tourism: Concepts and Issues. Channel View Publications, Bristol.
  • Burnett, J. ve Bender-Baker, H. (2001). Assesing the Travel Related Behaviors of the Mobility Disabled Consumer. Journal of Travel Research, 40(1), 4-11.
  • Çakmak, N. M. (2008). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki Engelli Tanımı Hakkında Bir İnceleme. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 57(2): 63-114.
  • Cameron, B. (2000). Easy Access Australia (2nd edn). Kew, Vic: Kew Publishing.
  • Cameron, B. Darcy, S. ve Foggin, E. (2003). Barrier-freetourismforpeoplewithdisabilities in theasianandpasificregion. New York: United Nations Publications.
  • Crawford, D. ve Godbey, G. (1987). Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences. 9(2): 119-127.
  • CUD-Center for Universal Design- (2020). Principles of Universal Design. https://projects.ncsu.edu/ncsu/design/cud/about_ud/udprinciples.htm. Erişim Tarihi: 28.11.2020.
  • Çizel, B., Sönmez, N. ve Akıncı Z.(2012). Antalya’da Engelli Turizminin Gelişimi İçin Arz ve Talep Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Araştırma Raporu, ss.87, 2012.
  • Dağcı, E. (2009). Engelsiz Tatil Mümkün Mü? Yalova Ortopedikler Spor Klübü Engelsiz Dünya Dergisi, 2, 1-18.
  • Daniels, M., Drogin Rodgers, E.B. ve Vİggins, B.P. (2005). “Travel Tales”: An interpretive analysis of constraints and negotiations to pleasure travelI as experienced by persons with physical disabilities. Tourism Management, 26 (6),919-930.
  • Darcy, S. (1998). Anxiety to Access: Tourism Patterns and Experi¬ences of New South Wales People with a Physical Disability. Sydney: Tourism New South Wales.
  • Darcy, S. (2002). Marginalised participation: Physical disability, high support needs and tourism, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 9 (1), 61-72.
  • Darcy, S. (2006). Setting a research agenda for accessible tourism. In C. Cooper, T.D.Iacy and L. Jago (eds) STCRC Technical Report Series (p.48). At http://www. crctourism.com.au/BookShop/BookDetail.aspx?d=473.
  • Darcy, S. (2009). Inherent complexity: Disability, accessible tourism and accommodation information preferences. Tourism Management, 31 (2010), 816-826.
  • Darcy, S. ve Dickson, J. T. (2009). A whole-of-life approach to tourism: the case for accessible tourism experiences. Journal of Hospitality And Tourism Management. 16(1): 32-44.
  • DİE (Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü) (2002). Türkiye Özürlülük Araştırması. Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü Başkanlığı Raporu, Yayın Numarası 2913, Ankara.
  • Figueiredo, E.,Eusébio, C. andKastenholz, E. (2012). How diverse are tourists with disabilities? a pilot study on accessible leisure tourism experiences in Portugal. International Journal of Tourism Research, 14(6): 531-550.
  • HI (2020). One billion people with disabilities. https://hi-canada.org/en/one-billion-people-with-disabilities-the-world-s-biggest-minority. Erişim tarihi:16.11.2020.
  • Iwarsson, S. ve Stahl, A. (2003). Accessibility, usability and universal design–positioning and definition of concepts describing person-environment relationships. Disability & Rehabilitation, 25(2), 57-66.
  • Halden, D. (2009). 10 Years Of Accessıbılıty Plannıng In The Uk - What Has Been Achieved? Association for European Transport and contributors, 1-11.
  • Jensen, G., Iwarson, S. ve Sahl, A. (2002). Theorical Understanding and Methodological Challenges in Accessibility Assestments, Focusing the Environmental Component: An Example from Travel Chains in Urban Public Bus Transport. Disability and Rehabilitation 24(5), 231-242.
  • Kanada Oxford Sözlüğü (1998). Toronto: Oxford University Press.
  • KTB (2019). Bakanlık Belgeli Tesisler. http://yigm.kulturturizm.gov.tr/TR-201136/turizm-yatirim-ve-isletme-bakanlik-belgeli-tesis-istati-.html/Erişim 06.04.2020.
  • Madden R. vd. (1997). Demand for disability support services in Australia: size, cost and growth. Canberra, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
  • Mesci,M. Öztürk, E., Mesci,Z. (2014). Akçakoca’nın Engelli Turizm Potansiyelini Değerlendirilmesi, 15. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi, Ankara.
  • Murat, S. (2009). Genel Olarak Özürlülere Yönelik Çalışmalar ve İSMEK Örneği. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, 56. Kitap, İ.Ü. Yayın No. 4806.
  • Olcay, A., Giritlioğlu, İ. ve Parlak, Ö. (2014). ENAT (European Network ForAccessibleTourism-Avrupa Erişilebilir Turizm Ağı) ile Türkiye’nin Erişilebilir Turizme Yönelik Otel İşletmelerini Kapsayan Düzenlemeleri ve Bu Düzenlemelerin Karşılaştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi. 1(2): 127-144.
  • O'Neil, M. ve Ali Knight, J. (2000). Accessing Disability Tourism Dollar - Implıcatıons for Hotel Enterprises in Western Australia. Paper presented at the Peak performance in tourism and hospitality research, Mt Buller, Victoria, Australia,2-5 February.
  • Öztürk, M. (2012). Türkiye’de Engelli Gerçeği Raporu. Canda Özür Olmaz Derneği , İstanbul.
  • Papamichail, K. (2012). Accesssible Hotels: Design Essentials. In the Book “Best Practice in Accessble Tourism” (Edited by Buhalis,D., Darcy,S. and Ambrose, I.) Channel View Publications, Toronto.
  • Serpa Blog (2020). Erişilebilirlik Nedir? https://sherpa.blog/sozluk/erisilebilirlik-nedir Erişim Tarihi:23.11.2020.
  • Shaw, G. ve Coles, T. (2004). Disability, holiday making and the tourism industry in the UK: A preliminary survey, Tourism Management ,25,397-403.
  • Shaw, G. (2007). Disability legislation and empowerment of tourists with disability in the United Kingdom. In A. Church and T. Coles (eds) Tourism, Poıver and Space,pp. 83-100, London: Routledge.
  • Smith, M. L., Amorim, E. ve Umbelino, J. (2014). Accessible tourism and disability service information provided on leading airline websites: A content analysis. International Journal For ResponsibleTourism. 2(4): 7-23.
  • Tellioğlu, S. ve Şimşek, N. (2016). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Engelli Dostu Turizm. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(33), 552-567.
  • TÜİK (2020). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Haber Bülteni. Sayı:33669, 1-4. Tütüncü, Ö. ve Aydın, İ. (2013). Ulaşılabilir turizm. Anatolia Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 24 (2), 261-262.
  • UN (1982). World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources/world-programme-of-action-concerning-disabled-persons.html. Erişim tarihi: 23.11.2020.
  • UNWHO (2011). Dünya Engellilik Raporu. DSÖ Kütüphanesi ve Yayın Kataloğu Verileri. Anıl Grup Matbaa, Ankara.
  • UNWTO (2016). Manual on Accessible Tourism for All: Principles, Tools and Best Practices–Module I: Accessible Tourism – Definition and Context.
  • UNWTO (2020a). World Tourism Barometer Report. 18(1),1-6.
  • UNWTO (2020b). World Tourism Barometer Report. 18(2),1-22.
  • Vignuda, J-L. (2001). Promotion of Barrier-Free Tourism for People with Disabilities in the Asian and Pacific Region. Tokyo: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pasific(ESCAP).
  • Wu, Y. ve Cheng, M. (2008) Accessible tourism for the disabled: Long tail theory. Emerging Technologies and Information Systems for the Knowledge Society (p. 572). Heidelberg: Springer.
  • Yates, K. (2007) Understanding the experiences of mobility-disabled tourists. International, Journal of Tourism Policy 1 (2), 153-166.
  • Yau, M.K., McKercher, B. ve Packer, T.L. (2004). Traveling with a disability: More than an access issue, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(4),946-960.
  • Zengin, B. ve Eryılmaz, B. (2013). Bodrum Destinasyonunda Engelli Turizm Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 6(11), 51-74.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Zeki Akıncı 0000-0001-8643-3429

Mustafa Çelik This is me 0000-0003-1574-075X

Hakan Elinç This is me 0000-0003-0065-3987

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date November 29, 2021
Acceptance Date December 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akıncı, Z., Çelik, M., & Elinç, H. (2021). ERİŞİLEBİLİR (ENGELLİ DOSTU) KONAKLAMA İŞLETMELERİNİN STANDARTLARININ BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ÇALIŞMA. Journal of Applied Tourism Research, 2(2), 91-114.


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