The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations

Oğuz Emre Balkar

doi:10.30518/jav.1895096

The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations

Abstract

This study examines how trade openness, institutional quality, digital innovation capability, and economic growth are associated with aviation activities across a balanced panel of 72 countries from 2005 to 2023. Air passenger transport carried (ATPC) and air freight transport carried (ATFR) are analyzed separately to capture possible structural differences. The empirical procedure includes descriptive statistics, diagnostic tests, Fisher-type ADF unit root tests, Westerlund cointegration tests, and two-way fixed-effects regressions with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors. Interaction and threshold models are further estimated to test whether the effect of trade openness varies across levels of digital innovation capability, and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality tests are used to identify directional linkages. The results show that government effectiveness is a stable and positive determinant of both ATPC and ATFR. Aviation activities also respond differently to regulatory quality and the components of digital innovation capability. Passenger aviation is more closely associated with mobile connectivity, whereas freight aviation is more sensitive to institutional quality and broadband-based digital infrastructure. Threshold findings indicate a regime-dependent trade-aviation relationship shaped by digital capacity.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Development Economics - Macro, Air Transportation and Freight Services

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Oğuz Emre Balkar ^*
0000-0001-5853-0926
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

May 31, 2026

Publication Date

-

Submission Date

February 23, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: Advanced Online Publication

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.1895096

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA94HN43KE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Balkar, O. E. (2026). The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations. Journal of Aviation, Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.1895096

AMA

1.Balkar OE. The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations. JAV. 2026;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.30518/jav.1895096

Chicago

Balkar, Oğuz Emre. 2026. “The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations”. Journal of Aviation, no. Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.1895096.

EndNote

Balkar OE (May 1, 2026) The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations. Journal of Aviation Advanced Online Publication

IEEE

[1]O. E. Balkar, “The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations”, JAV, no. Advanced Online Publication, May 2026, doi: 10.30518/jav.1895096.

ISNAD

Balkar, Oğuz Emre. “The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations”. Journal of Aviation. Advanced Online Publication (May 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.1895096.

JAMA

1.Balkar OE. The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations. JAV. 2026. doi:10.30518/jav.1895096.

MLA

Balkar, Oğuz Emre. “The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations”. Journal of Aviation, no. Advanced Online Publication, May 2026, doi:10.30518/jav.1895096.

Vancouver

1.Oğuz Emre Balkar. The Influence of Digital Innovation Capability and Institutional Quality on Aviation Activities: Empirical Evidence of Threshold Effects Across Nations. JAV. 2026 May 1;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.30518/jav.1895096