Analysis of Internal/External Factors Affecting Time Management and The Reasons of Delay in Aviation

Year 2018, , 105 - 118, 23.12.2018

Savaş Selahattin Ateş , Haşim Kafalı Meryem Çeliktaş

https://doi.org/10.30518/jav.480981

Abstract

It is defined as the time when a work or formation passings, past, or will pass in an action. Time management is one of the issues of that are difficult to manage in the aviation operation managent process. When the aircraft is in place, time management is one of the important elements to make operational processes effective and efficient. Planned time-out in the ground operation process cause delays. Some of the deviations in the process are prevented by the management of staff. The source of precautions is usually internal factor. However, perceptions that some external factors, such as weather, are effective can not be managed by staff. If the aircraft can not depart at the time of departure, the reasons for the delay are classified based on the IATA Standard delay codes. The IATA delay codes were taken as reference during the survey. A questionnaire consisting of IATA delay codes was applied to the employees working in the aviation sector in Turkey. When the results of the questionnaire and findings were analyzed by Chi-square analysis and Binomial test method using SPSS program and reliability of the data was determined by KMO & Bartlett test. Based on the current study, time planning is important in aviation operations. An analysis of external factors that cannot be controlled, such as the internal factors that can be corrected for the problems caused by the system-induced or human factor for the correct operation of the planned time, and the constraints imposed on the environmental conditions or the operation of the system must be well analyzed.

Keywords

Aviation, Time Management in Aviation, Aircraft Operations, Planning, Delay, IATA Delay Codes

Analysis of Internal/External Factors Affecting Time Management and The Reasons of Delay in Aviation

Abstract

It
is defined as the time when a work or formation passings, past, or will pass in
an action. Time management is one of the issues of that are difficult to manage
in the aviation operation managent process. When the aircraft is in place, time
management is one of the important elements to make operational processes
effective and efficient. Planned time-out in the ground operation process cause
delays. Some of the deviations in the process are prevented by the management
of staff. The source of precautions is usually internal factor. However,
perceptions that some external factors, such as weather, are effective can not
be managed by staff. If the aircraft can not depart at the time of departure,
the reasons for the delay are classified based on the IATA Standard delay
codes. The IATA delay codes were taken as reference during
the survey. A questionnaire
consisting of IATA delay codes was applied to the employees working in the
aviation sector in Turkey. When
the results of the questionnaire and findings were analyzed by Chi-square
analysis and Binomial test method using SPSS program and reliability of the
data was determined by KMO & Bartlett test. Based on the current study,
time planning is important in aviation operations. An analysis of external
factors that cannot be controlled, such as the internal factors that can be
corrected for the problems caused by the system-induced or human factor for the
correct operation of the planned time, and the constraints imposed on the
environmental conditions or the operation of the system must be well analyzed.

Keywords

Aviation, Time Management in Aviation, Aircraft Operations, Planning, Delay, IATA Delay Codes

References

• [1] Gürbüz, M. & Aydın, A. H., (2012), "Zaman Kavramı ve Yönetimi", KSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / KSU Journal of Social Sciences 9 (2), pp. 1-20.
• [2] Akçinar, S., (2014). Örğütsel Zaman Yönetimi ve Etkin Zaman Kullanımı, T.C.Beykent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı Yönetim ve Organizasyon Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
• [3] Toksoy, H., (2010), Toplam Kalite Yönetiminde Zaman Yönetiminin Önemi, T.C.Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erzurum.
• [4] Karaoğlan, A. D., (2006), Üst Düzey Yöneticilerin Zaman Yönetimi, T.C.Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Balıkesir.
• [5] Radnoti, G., (2002), Profit Strategies For Air Transportation, McGraw-Hill, New York.
• [6] Porter, M. E., (2008), Rekabet Stratejisi: Sektör ve Rakip Analizi Teknikleri, Sistem Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
• [7] Diederiks-Verschoor, I. H. P. & Butler, M. A., (2006). An introduction to air law. 8. th ed., Kluwer Law International, Alphen an den Rijn.
• [8] Gupta, G., (2011), Charter vs. scheduled airlines. Cambridge: ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing.
• [9] Wandeler, Y. D. & Marsh, D., (2010), Planning for Delay: influence of flight scheduling on airline punctuality-tat7, EUROCONTROL Trends in Air Traffic, Avrupa.
• [10] EUROCONTROL, (2005), Report on Punctuality Drivers at Major European Airports, EUROCONTROL, Brüksel.
• [11] Kohl, N. et al., (2004), Airline Disruption Management-Perspective, Experiences, and Outlook, The Technical University of Denmark: EU-funded project DESCARTES, Denmark.
• [12] EUROCONTROL CODA, (2012), Central Office for Delay Analysis - CODA. [Online] Available at: http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/central-office-delay-analysis-coda[Accessed 12 September 2012].
• [13] Beek, S. D. V., (2000), Categories of Cancellation and Delay for Air Carrier On-Time Reporting, Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, Washington.
• [14] EUROCONTROL, (2011), Performance Review Report (PRR 2011), Bürüksel: EUROONTROL.
• [15] Guest, T. & Marsh, D., (2007), A Matter of Time: Air Traffic Delay in Europe-tat 2, Eurocontol Trends in Air Traffic, Avrupa.
• [16] Niehues, A. et al., (2001), Punctuality: How Airlines Can Improve On-Time Performance, Booz-Allen Hamilton, Avrupa.
• [17] Rosenberger, J. M., Jhonson, E. L. & Nemhauser, G. L., (2004), "A Robust Fleet Assigment Model With Hub Isolation and Shot Cycles", Transportation Science, 3(38), pp. 357-368.
• [18] Løve, M., Sørensen, K. R., Larsen, J. & Clausen, J., (2002), "Disruption Management for an Airline Rescheduling of Aircraft", Proceedings of the Applications of Evolutionary Computing on EvoWorkshops 2002, Issue 2279, pp. 315-324.
• [19] Talluri, K. T., (1996), "Swapping Applications in a Daily Airline Fleet Assignment", Transportation Science, Issue 30, pp. 237-248.
• [20] Slavica Dožić, M. K. O. B., (2012), "Heuristic approach to the airline schedule disturbances problem: single fleet case", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, pp. 000-0000.
• [21] Abdelghany, K. F., Abdelghany, A. F. & Ekollu, G., (2007), "An integrated decision support tool for airlines schedule recovery during irregular operations", European Journal of Operational Research, Issue 185, pp. 825-848.
• [22] Gopalan, R. & Talluri, K. T., (1998), "The Aircraft Maintenance Routing Problem", Operations Research, 2(40), pp. 260-271.
• [23] Sachon, M. & Cornell, E. P., (2000), "Delays and safety in airline maintenance", Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 3(67), p. 301–309.
• [24] Jeng, C.-R., (2012), "Real-time decision support for airline schedule disruption management", African Journal of Business Management, 6(27), pp. 8071-8079.
• [25] Sivaraman, E., (2007), Station-Specific Aircraft Turn Times and Applications for Schedule Reliability, AGIFORS 2007 – Airline Operations Study Group Meeting, Denver.
• [26] TIBCO, (2007), Airline Disruption Management. [Online] Available at: http://www.tibco.com/multimedia/wp-airline-disruption-management_tcm8-2452.pdf,[Accessed 17 Ekim 2012].
• [27] Zhang, Y., (2008), Real-time Inter-modal Strategies for Airline Schedule Perturbation Recovery and Airport Congestion Mitigation under Collaborative Decision Making (CDM), Dissertations, University of California Transportation Center, Berkeley.
• [28] Wu, C. L., (2008), "Monitoring Aircraft Turnaround Operations", Framework Development, Application and Implications for Airline Operations, 31(2), pp. 215-228.
• [29] Gao, C., Johnson, E. & Smith, B., (2009), "Integrated Airline Fleet and Crew Robust Planning", Transportation Science, 43(1), pp. 2-16.
• [30] Ehrgott, M. & Ryan, D. M., (2002), "Constructing Robust Crew Scheduleswith Bicriteria Optimization", J. Multi-Crit. Decis, pp. 139-150.
• [31] WEI, G. & YU, G., (1997), "Optimization Model and Algorithm for Crew Management During Airline Irregular Operations", Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, p. 305–321.
• [32] Nissen, R. & Haase, K., (2006), "Duty-period-based network model for crew rescheduling in European airlines", Journal of Scheduling, pp. 155-278.
• [33] Lettovsky, L., Johnson, E. L. & Nemhauser, G. L., (2000), "Airline Crew Recovery", Transportation Science, pp. 337-348.
• [34] Yu, G. et al., (2003), "A New Era for Crew Recovery at Continental Airlines", Journal Interfaces, 1(33), pp. 5-22.
• [35] Sherry, L., (2012), Impact of Flight Delay Reliability on Passenger Trip Delay Metrics, TRB, Washington DC.
• [36] Wang, P. T. R., Schaefer, L. A. & Wojcik, L. A., (2003), Flight Connections and their impacts on delay propagation, The MITRE Corporation, Mclean.
• [37] AhmadBeygi, S., Cohn, A., Guan, Y. & Belobaba, P., (2008), "Analysis of the potential for delay propagation in passenger airline networks", Journal of Air Transport Management, Issue 14, p. 221– 236.
• [38] Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü, (2017), Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdülüğü 2017 Faaliyet Raporu, T.C. Ulaştırma Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanlığı, Ankara.
• [39] EUROCONTROL CODA, (2012), Central Office for Delay Analysis - CODA. [Online] Available at: http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/central-office-delay-analysis-coda[Accessed 12 September 2012].
• [40] Altham, P. M. E., (1978), "Two Generalizations of the Binomial Distribution", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C (Applied Statistics), 27(2), pp. 162-167.