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Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 01.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.2020.850

Abstract

References

  • Bousquet J, Vignola AM, Campbell AM, Michel FB. Pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996;110:207–218. [CrossRef]
  • Broide DH. Allergic rhinitis: Pathophysiology. Allergy Asthma Proc 2010;31:370–374. [CrossRef]
  • Min Y-G. The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2010;2:65–76. [CrossRef]
  • Krystel-Whittemore M, Dileepan KN, Wood JG. Mast Cell: A Multi- Functional Master Cell. Front Immunol 2016;6:620. [CrossRef]
  • Saad K, Zahran AM, Elsayh KI, Abdelmoghny A, Aboul-Khair MD. Variation of Regulatory T Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood of Children with Allergic Rhinitis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2018;66:307–313. [CrossRef]
  • Bayrak Degirmenci P, Aksun S, Altin Z, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and Its Relationship with IL-10, IL-17, TGF-beta, IFN-gamma, IL 22, and IL- 35. Dis Markers 2018;2018:9131432. [CrossRef]
  • Haldar C, Ahmad R. Photoimmunomodulation and melatonin. J Photochem Photobiol B 2010;98:107–117. [CrossRef]
  • Tordjman S, Chokron S, Delorme R, et al. Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017;15:434–443. [CrossRef]
  • Garcia-Maurino S, Pozo D, Calvo JR, Guerrero JM. Correlation between nuclear melatonin receptor expression and enhanced cytokine production in human lymphocytic and monocytic cell lines. J Pineal Res 2000;29:129–137. [CrossRef]
  • Liu J, Clough SJ, Hutchinson AJ, Adamah-Biassi EB, Popovska- Gorevski M, Dubocovich ML. MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptors: A Therapeutic Perspective. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016;56:361– 383. [CrossRef]
  • Emet M, Ozcan H, Ozel L, Yayla M, Halici Z, Hacimuftuoglu A. A Review of Melatonin, Its Receptors and Drugs. Eurasian J Med 2016;48:135–141. [CrossRef]
  • Ren W, Liu G, Chen S, et al. Melatonin signaling in T cells: Functions and applications. J Pineal Res 2017;62:e12394. [CrossRef]
  • Maldonado MD, Moreno-Garcia H, Gonzalez-Yanes C, Calvo JR. Possible Involvement of the Inhibition of NF-kbeta Factor in Anti- Inflammatory Actions that Melatonin Exerts on Mast Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016;117:1926–1933. [CrossRef]
  • Markus RP, Cecon E, Pires-Lapa MA. Immune-pineal axis: nuclear factor κB (NF-kB) mediates the shift in the melatonin source from pinealocytes to immune competent cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013;14:10979– 10997. [CrossRef]
  • Hanikoglu A, Kucuksayan E, Akduman R, Ozben T. A Review on Melatonin’s Effecs in Cancer: Potential Mechanisms. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2018;18:985–992. [CrossRef]
  • Reiter RJ, Mayo JC, Tan DX, Sainz RM, Alatorre-Jimenez M, Qin L. Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. J Pineal Res 2016;61:253–278. [CrossRef]
  • Pieri C, Marra M, Moroni F, Recchioni R, Marcheselli F. Melatonin: a peroxyl radical scavenger more effective than vitamin E. Life Sci 1994;55:PL271–PL276. [CrossRef]
  • Koc S, Cayli S, Aksakal C, et al. Protective effects of melatonin and selenium against apoptosis of olfactory sensory neurons: A rat model study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2016;30:e62–e66. [CrossRef]
  • Haczku A, Macary P, Haddad EB, et al. Expression of Th-2 cytokines interleukin-4 and -5 and of Th-1 cytokine interferon-gamma in ovalbumin-exposed sensitized Brown-Norway rats. Immunology 1996;88:247–251. [CrossRef]
  • Liao SY, Liao TN, Chiang BL, et al. Decreased production of IFN gamma and increased production of IL-6 by cord blood mononuclear cells of newborns with a high risk of allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26:397– 405. [CrossRef]
  • Teixeira LK, Fonseca BP, Barboza BA, Viola JP. The role of interferon- gamma on immune and allergic responses. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005;100 Suppl 1:137–144. [CrossRef]
  • Kimata H. Elevation of salivary melatonin levels by viewing a humorous film in patients with atopic eczema. Horm Metab Res 2007;39:310–311. [CrossRef]
  • Schwarz W, Birau N, Hornstein OP, et al. Alterations of melatonin secretion in atopic eczema. Acta Derm Venereol 1988;68:224–249.
  • Munoz-Hoyos A, Espin-Quirantes C, Molina-Carballo A, et al. Neuroendocrine and circadian aspects (melatonin and beta- endorphin) of atopic dermatitis in the child. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2007;18:679–686. [CrossRef]
  • Chamlin SL, Mattson CL, Frieden IJ, et al. The price of pruritus: sleep disturbance and cosleeping in atopic dermatitis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:745–750. [CrossRef]
  • Dimitrov S, Lange T, Tieken S, Fehm HL, Born J. Sleep associated regulation of T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokine balance in humans. Brain Behav Immun 2004;18:341–348. [CrossRef]
  • Sivaranjani N, Rao SV, Rajeev G. Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in atopic dermatitis. J Clin Diagn Res 2013;7:2683–2685. [CrossRef]
  • Chang YS, Chou YT, Lee JH, et al. Atopic dermatitis, melatonin, and sleep disturbance. Pediatrics 2014;134:e397–405. [CrossRef]
  • Kim TH, Jung JA, Kim GD, et al. Melatonin inhibits the development of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Pineal Res 2009;47:324–329. [CrossRef]
  • Marseglia L, D’Angelo G, Manti S, et al. Melatonin and Atopy: Role in Atopic Dermatitis and Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15:13482–13493. [CrossRef]
  • Chang YS, Lin MH, Lee JH, et al. Melatonin Supplementation for Children With Atopic Dermatitis and Sleep Disturbance: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatrics 2016;170:35–42. [CrossRef]
  • Martins E Jr, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Fialho de Araujo AM, Tavares de Lima W, Cipolla-Neto J, Costa Rosa LF. Melatonin modulates allergic lung inflammation. J Pineal Res 2001;31:363–369. [CrossRef]
  • Fei GH, Liu RY, Zhang ZH, Zhou JN. Alterations in circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol in patients with bronchial asthma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2004;25:651–656. http://www.chinaphar.com/article/ view/8196/8800
  • Gumral N, Naziroglu M, Ongel K, et al. Antioxidant enzymes and melatonin levels in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during stable and exacerbation periods. Cell Biochem Funct 2009;27:276–283. [CrossRef]
  • Sutherland ER, Martin RJ, Ellison MC, Kraft M. Immunomodulatory effects of melatonin in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;166:1055–1061. [CrossRef]
  • Shin IS, Park JW, Shin NR, et al. Melatonin inhibits MUC5AC production via suppression of MAPK signaling in human airway epithelial cells. J Pineal Res 2014;56:398–407. [CrossRef]
  • Wu HM, Shen QY, Fang L, et al. JNK-TLR9 signal pathway mediates allergic airway inflammation through suppressing melatonin biosynthesis. J Pineal Res 2016;60:415–423. [CrossRef]
  • Shin IS, Park JW, Shin NR, et al. Melatonin reduces airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma. Immunobiology 2014;219:901–908. [CrossRef]
  • Sarnowski C, Laprise C, Malerba G, et al. DNA methylation within melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) mediates paternally transmitted genetic variant effect on asthma plus rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016;138:748–753. [CrossRef]
  • Weekley LB. Influence of melatonin on bovine pulmonary vascular and bronchial airway smooth muscle tone. Clin Auton Res 1995;5:53– 56. [CrossRef]
  • Sutherland ER, Ellison MC, Kraft M, Martin RJ. Elevated serum melatonin is associated with the nocturnal worsening of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:513–517. [CrossRef]
  • Fulkerson PC, Zimmermann N, Brandt EB, et al. Negative regulation of eosinophil recruitment to the lung by the chemokine monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig, CXCL9). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:1987–1992. [CrossRef]
  • Eastmond NC, Banks EM, Coleman JW. Nitric oxide inhibits IgE-mediated degranulation of mast cells and is the principal intermediate in IFN-gamma-induced suppression of exocytosis. J Immunol 1997;159:1444–1450. https://www.jimmunol.org/ content/159/3/1444.long
  • Fidan V, Alp HH, Gozeler M, Karaaslan O, Binay O, Cingi C. Variance of melatonin and cortisol rhythm in patients with allergic rhinitis. Am J Otolaryngol 2013;34:416–419. [CrossRef]
  • Finocchiaro LM, Nahmod V, Launay J. Melatonin biosynthesis and metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes. Biochem J 1991;280:727–231. [CrossRef]
  • Kleiner S, Braunstahl GJ, Rudrich U, et al. Regulation of melanocortin 1 receptor in allergic rhinitis in vitro and in vivo. Clin Exp Allergy 2016;46:1066–1074. [CrossRef]
  • Karasu-Minareci E, Kaya Y, Belgin Yildirim F. The achilles heel in melatonin: asthma. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012;11:246–252. [CrossRef]
  • Ricketti PA, Alandijani S, Lin CH, Casale TB. Investigational new drugs for allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017;26:279–292. [CrossRef]
  • Durham SR, Creticos PS, Nelson HS, et al. Treatment effect of sublingual immunotherapy tablets and pharmacotherapies for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis:Pooled analyses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016;138:1081–1088.e4. [CrossRef]
  • Castillo J, Dimov V. Investigational drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014;23:823–836. [CrossRef]

Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 01.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.2020.850

Abstract

Atopy is a tendency to produce Ig-E antibodies in response to allergens and to develop allergic clinical symptoms such as allergic rhinitis, allergic bronchial asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Among them, allergic rhinitis AR is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intranasal mucosa, characterized by nasal symptoms reducing the quality of life. Management of AR maintains entirely symptomatic and is intended only to relieve the undesirable effects of mediators resulting from the allergic inflammatory reaction. The only disease-modifying treatment is immunotherapy, which can eliminate the pathophysiology of the disease. However, it is a long-lasting modality with several limitations and contraindications. In recent years, melatonin has been evaluated in various allergic inflammatory disorders due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has been suggested as a promising therapeutic. The role of melatonin has not been investigated in the treatment of AR, even though AR has a similar pathogenesis to those of atopic dermatitis and allergic bronchial asthma. This review is aimed to examine the pathophysiological mechanism of AR and illuminate the common pathways with atopic dermatitis and allergic bronchial asthma to discuss the potential hypothetical therapeutic role of the melatonin in AR, similar to the other two atopic diseases

References

  • Bousquet J, Vignola AM, Campbell AM, Michel FB. Pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996;110:207–218. [CrossRef]
  • Broide DH. Allergic rhinitis: Pathophysiology. Allergy Asthma Proc 2010;31:370–374. [CrossRef]
  • Min Y-G. The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2010;2:65–76. [CrossRef]
  • Krystel-Whittemore M, Dileepan KN, Wood JG. Mast Cell: A Multi- Functional Master Cell. Front Immunol 2016;6:620. [CrossRef]
  • Saad K, Zahran AM, Elsayh KI, Abdelmoghny A, Aboul-Khair MD. Variation of Regulatory T Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood of Children with Allergic Rhinitis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2018;66:307–313. [CrossRef]
  • Bayrak Degirmenci P, Aksun S, Altin Z, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and Its Relationship with IL-10, IL-17, TGF-beta, IFN-gamma, IL 22, and IL- 35. Dis Markers 2018;2018:9131432. [CrossRef]
  • Haldar C, Ahmad R. Photoimmunomodulation and melatonin. J Photochem Photobiol B 2010;98:107–117. [CrossRef]
  • Tordjman S, Chokron S, Delorme R, et al. Melatonin: Pharmacology, Functions and Therapeutic Benefits. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017;15:434–443. [CrossRef]
  • Garcia-Maurino S, Pozo D, Calvo JR, Guerrero JM. Correlation between nuclear melatonin receptor expression and enhanced cytokine production in human lymphocytic and monocytic cell lines. J Pineal Res 2000;29:129–137. [CrossRef]
  • Liu J, Clough SJ, Hutchinson AJ, Adamah-Biassi EB, Popovska- Gorevski M, Dubocovich ML. MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptors: A Therapeutic Perspective. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016;56:361– 383. [CrossRef]
  • Emet M, Ozcan H, Ozel L, Yayla M, Halici Z, Hacimuftuoglu A. A Review of Melatonin, Its Receptors and Drugs. Eurasian J Med 2016;48:135–141. [CrossRef]
  • Ren W, Liu G, Chen S, et al. Melatonin signaling in T cells: Functions and applications. J Pineal Res 2017;62:e12394. [CrossRef]
  • Maldonado MD, Moreno-Garcia H, Gonzalez-Yanes C, Calvo JR. Possible Involvement of the Inhibition of NF-kbeta Factor in Anti- Inflammatory Actions that Melatonin Exerts on Mast Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016;117:1926–1933. [CrossRef]
  • Markus RP, Cecon E, Pires-Lapa MA. Immune-pineal axis: nuclear factor κB (NF-kB) mediates the shift in the melatonin source from pinealocytes to immune competent cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013;14:10979– 10997. [CrossRef]
  • Hanikoglu A, Kucuksayan E, Akduman R, Ozben T. A Review on Melatonin’s Effecs in Cancer: Potential Mechanisms. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2018;18:985–992. [CrossRef]
  • Reiter RJ, Mayo JC, Tan DX, Sainz RM, Alatorre-Jimenez M, Qin L. Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. J Pineal Res 2016;61:253–278. [CrossRef]
  • Pieri C, Marra M, Moroni F, Recchioni R, Marcheselli F. Melatonin: a peroxyl radical scavenger more effective than vitamin E. Life Sci 1994;55:PL271–PL276. [CrossRef]
  • Koc S, Cayli S, Aksakal C, et al. Protective effects of melatonin and selenium against apoptosis of olfactory sensory neurons: A rat model study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2016;30:e62–e66. [CrossRef]
  • Haczku A, Macary P, Haddad EB, et al. Expression of Th-2 cytokines interleukin-4 and -5 and of Th-1 cytokine interferon-gamma in ovalbumin-exposed sensitized Brown-Norway rats. Immunology 1996;88:247–251. [CrossRef]
  • Liao SY, Liao TN, Chiang BL, et al. Decreased production of IFN gamma and increased production of IL-6 by cord blood mononuclear cells of newborns with a high risk of allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26:397– 405. [CrossRef]
  • Teixeira LK, Fonseca BP, Barboza BA, Viola JP. The role of interferon- gamma on immune and allergic responses. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005;100 Suppl 1:137–144. [CrossRef]
  • Kimata H. Elevation of salivary melatonin levels by viewing a humorous film in patients with atopic eczema. Horm Metab Res 2007;39:310–311. [CrossRef]
  • Schwarz W, Birau N, Hornstein OP, et al. Alterations of melatonin secretion in atopic eczema. Acta Derm Venereol 1988;68:224–249.
  • Munoz-Hoyos A, Espin-Quirantes C, Molina-Carballo A, et al. Neuroendocrine and circadian aspects (melatonin and beta- endorphin) of atopic dermatitis in the child. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2007;18:679–686. [CrossRef]
  • Chamlin SL, Mattson CL, Frieden IJ, et al. The price of pruritus: sleep disturbance and cosleeping in atopic dermatitis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:745–750. [CrossRef]
  • Dimitrov S, Lange T, Tieken S, Fehm HL, Born J. Sleep associated regulation of T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokine balance in humans. Brain Behav Immun 2004;18:341–348. [CrossRef]
  • Sivaranjani N, Rao SV, Rajeev G. Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in atopic dermatitis. J Clin Diagn Res 2013;7:2683–2685. [CrossRef]
  • Chang YS, Chou YT, Lee JH, et al. Atopic dermatitis, melatonin, and sleep disturbance. Pediatrics 2014;134:e397–405. [CrossRef]
  • Kim TH, Jung JA, Kim GD, et al. Melatonin inhibits the development of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Pineal Res 2009;47:324–329. [CrossRef]
  • Marseglia L, D’Angelo G, Manti S, et al. Melatonin and Atopy: Role in Atopic Dermatitis and Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15:13482–13493. [CrossRef]
  • Chang YS, Lin MH, Lee JH, et al. Melatonin Supplementation for Children With Atopic Dermatitis and Sleep Disturbance: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatrics 2016;170:35–42. [CrossRef]
  • Martins E Jr, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Fialho de Araujo AM, Tavares de Lima W, Cipolla-Neto J, Costa Rosa LF. Melatonin modulates allergic lung inflammation. J Pineal Res 2001;31:363–369. [CrossRef]
  • Fei GH, Liu RY, Zhang ZH, Zhou JN. Alterations in circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol in patients with bronchial asthma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2004;25:651–656. http://www.chinaphar.com/article/ view/8196/8800
  • Gumral N, Naziroglu M, Ongel K, et al. Antioxidant enzymes and melatonin levels in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during stable and exacerbation periods. Cell Biochem Funct 2009;27:276–283. [CrossRef]
  • Sutherland ER, Martin RJ, Ellison MC, Kraft M. Immunomodulatory effects of melatonin in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;166:1055–1061. [CrossRef]
  • Shin IS, Park JW, Shin NR, et al. Melatonin inhibits MUC5AC production via suppression of MAPK signaling in human airway epithelial cells. J Pineal Res 2014;56:398–407. [CrossRef]
  • Wu HM, Shen QY, Fang L, et al. JNK-TLR9 signal pathway mediates allergic airway inflammation through suppressing melatonin biosynthesis. J Pineal Res 2016;60:415–423. [CrossRef]
  • Shin IS, Park JW, Shin NR, et al. Melatonin reduces airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma. Immunobiology 2014;219:901–908. [CrossRef]
  • Sarnowski C, Laprise C, Malerba G, et al. DNA methylation within melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) mediates paternally transmitted genetic variant effect on asthma plus rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016;138:748–753. [CrossRef]
  • Weekley LB. Influence of melatonin on bovine pulmonary vascular and bronchial airway smooth muscle tone. Clin Auton Res 1995;5:53– 56. [CrossRef]
  • Sutherland ER, Ellison MC, Kraft M, Martin RJ. Elevated serum melatonin is associated with the nocturnal worsening of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:513–517. [CrossRef]
  • Fulkerson PC, Zimmermann N, Brandt EB, et al. Negative regulation of eosinophil recruitment to the lung by the chemokine monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig, CXCL9). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:1987–1992. [CrossRef]
  • Eastmond NC, Banks EM, Coleman JW. Nitric oxide inhibits IgE-mediated degranulation of mast cells and is the principal intermediate in IFN-gamma-induced suppression of exocytosis. J Immunol 1997;159:1444–1450. https://www.jimmunol.org/ content/159/3/1444.long
  • Fidan V, Alp HH, Gozeler M, Karaaslan O, Binay O, Cingi C. Variance of melatonin and cortisol rhythm in patients with allergic rhinitis. Am J Otolaryngol 2013;34:416–419. [CrossRef]
  • Finocchiaro LM, Nahmod V, Launay J. Melatonin biosynthesis and metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes. Biochem J 1991;280:727–231. [CrossRef]
  • Kleiner S, Braunstahl GJ, Rudrich U, et al. Regulation of melanocortin 1 receptor in allergic rhinitis in vitro and in vivo. Clin Exp Allergy 2016;46:1066–1074. [CrossRef]
  • Karasu-Minareci E, Kaya Y, Belgin Yildirim F. The achilles heel in melatonin: asthma. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012;11:246–252. [CrossRef]
  • Ricketti PA, Alandijani S, Lin CH, Casale TB. Investigational new drugs for allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017;26:279–292. [CrossRef]
  • Durham SR, Creticos PS, Nelson HS, et al. Treatment effect of sublingual immunotherapy tablets and pharmacotherapies for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis:Pooled analyses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016;138:1081–1088.e4. [CrossRef]
  • Castillo J, Dimov V. Investigational drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014;23:823–836. [CrossRef]
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Aslı Çakır Çetin This is me

Yeşim Tunçok This is me

Mustafa Cenk Ecevit This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çetin, A. Ç., Tunçok, Y., & Ecevit, M. C. (2020). Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 4(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.2020.850
AMA Çetin AÇ, Tunçok Y, Ecevit MC. Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis. JBACHS. March 2020;4(1):1-6. doi:10.30621/jbachs.2020.850
Chicago Çetin, Aslı Çakır, Yeşim Tunçok, and Mustafa Cenk Ecevit. “Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (March 2020): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.2020.850.
EndNote Çetin AÇ, Tunçok Y, Ecevit MC (March 1, 2020) Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 4 1 1–6.
IEEE A. Ç. Çetin, Y. Tunçok, and M. C. Ecevit, “Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis”, JBACHS, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2020, doi: 10.30621/jbachs.2020.850.
ISNAD Çetin, Aslı Çakır et al. “Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 4/1 (March 2020), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.2020.850.
JAMA Çetin AÇ, Tunçok Y, Ecevit MC. Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis. JBACHS. 2020;4:1–6.
MLA Çetin, Aslı Çakır et al. “Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi:10.30621/jbachs.2020.850.
Vancouver Çetin AÇ, Tunçok Y, Ecevit MC. Melatonin and Allergic Rhinitis. JBACHS. 2020;4(1):1-6.