Research Article
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Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 436 - 442, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1161671

Abstract

Background: Cancellation or postponement of sports organizations due to the Covid 19 pandemic has caused great stress for athletes. There are limited studies on how physical activity levels, nutritional habits and sleep quality are affected, especially in physically disabled athletes(paraathletes) during the pandemic process.
Purpose: the aim of the research is to examine the physical activity, nutritional habits and sleep quality levels of paraathletes during the pandemic process.

Method: Eighty- seven male paraathletes were included in the study. The personal data form required to determine the characteristics within the study subject International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ Short Form), the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire were used in a way consistent with the study. In addition to these sections, changes in participants' nutritional habits were questioned.

Results: Total MET values of paraathletes were determined as 3233 ± 1421. The sleep quality index total score averages of the participants were 5.83 ± 0.80 points, indicating the level of 'poor sleep quality'. Food consumption of the participants It was found that 56% of them increased their food consumption, 28% did not change, and 18% decreased.


Conclusion: The results of the study showed that physical activity, nutrition and sleep processes, which have an important place in the life cycle of paraathletes, were adversely affected during the pandemic process.

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

The authors thank the participants who participated in the research.

References

  • Alamrawy, R. G., Fadl, N., & Khaled, A. (2021). Psychiatric morbidity and dietary habits during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study among Egyptian Youth (14–24 years). Middle East Current Psychiatry, 28(1), 6.
  • Bhambhani, Y. (2002). Physiology of wheelchair racing in athletes with spinal cord injury. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 32(1), 23–51.
  • Brunes, A., B. Hansen, M., & Heir, T. (2019). Loneliness among adults with visual impairment: Prevalence, associated factors, and relationship to life satisfaction. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 17(1), 24.
  • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213.
  • Çakır Biçer, N., Baş, M., Köse, G., Şenol Duru, P., Baş, D., Karaca Çelik, E., & Köseoğlu, S. (2021). Lockdown Changed Us in Turkey Eating Behaviors, Depression Levels, and Body Weight Changes during Lockdown: An Online Survey in Turkey. Progress in Nutrition, 23(3), e2021282.
  • Cappelleri, J. C., Bushmakin, A. G., McDermott, A. M., Sadosky, A. B., Petrie, C. D., & Martin, S. (2009). Psychometric properties of a single-item scale to assess sleep quality among individuals with fibromyalgia. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 7(1), 54. Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G., & Costa, S. (2020). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(4), e13074.
  • Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sj??Str??M, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., … Oja, P. (2003). International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395.
  • González, K., Fuentes, J., & Márquez, J. L. (2017). Physical Inactivity, Sedentary Behavior and Chronic Diseases. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 38(3), 111.
  • Heinze, N., Hussain, S. F., Castle, C. L., Godier-McBard, L. R., Kempapidis, T., Ftouni, S., … Gomes, R. S. M. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on Sleep Quality in People Living With Disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 786904. Knight, J. A. (2012). Physical inactivity: Associated diseases and disorders. Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, 42(3), 320–337.
  • Koca Kosova, M., & Kosova, S. (2022). The Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels and Sleep Quality of High School and University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine, 9(2), 115–119.
  • Lebrasseur, A., Fortin-Bédard, N., Lettre, J., Bussières, E.-L., Best, K., Boucher, N., … Routhier, F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on people with physical disabilities: A rapid review. Disability and Health Journal, 14(1), 101014.
  • Mesa Vieira, C., Franco, O. H., Gómez Restrepo, C., & Abel, T. (2020). COVID-19: The forgotten priorities of the pandemic. Maturitas, 136, 38–41.
  • Runacres, A., Mackintosh, K. A., Knight, R. L., Sheeran, L., Thatcher, R., Shelley, J., & McNarry, M. A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11286.
  • Serkan Kara, Ö., Büyüklüoğlu, G., Büyüklüoğlu, N., Gül, S., Mesut Çelebi, M., & Kaya, H. (2021). Professional athletes have higher anxiety levels during COVID-19 outbreak compared to recreational athletes and sedentary people. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 574.
  • Sevi̇nç Yilmaz, D., & Seçer, E. (2022). Investigation of the Relationship Between Athletes’ Anxiety About Catching Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Their Attitudes Towards Nutrition. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences.
  • South India Disability Evidence Study Group, Gudlavalleti, M. V. S., John, N., Allagh, K., Sagar, J., Kamalakannan, S., & Ramachandra, S. S. (2014). Access to health care and employment status of people with disabilities in South India, the SIDE (South India Disability Evidence) study. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1125.
  • Talic, S., Shah, S., Wild, H., Gasevic, D., Maharaj, A., Ademi, Z., … Ilic, D. (2021). Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 375, e068302.
  • Turgut, M., Soylu, Y., & Metin, S. N. (2020). Physical activity, night eating, and mood state profiles of athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Progress in Nutrition, 22(2-S), e2020019.
  • Urbański, P., Szeliga, Ł., & Tasiemski, T. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on athletes with disabilities preparing for the Paralympic Games in Tokyo. BMC Research Notes, 14(1), 233.
  • Van Poppel, M. N. M., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Mokkink, L. B., van Mechelen, W., & Terwee, C. B. (2010). Physical Activity Questionnaires for Adults: A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties. Sports Medicine, 40(7), 565–600.
  • Warburton, D. E. R. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(6), 801–809.
  • Xiao, H., Zhang, Y., Kong, D., Li, S., & Yang, N. (2020). Social Capital and Sleep Quality in Individuals Who Self-Isolated for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in January 2020 in China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 26, e923921.
  • Yanci, J., Granados, C., Otero, M., Badiola, A., Olasagasti, J., Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., … Gil, S. (2015). Sprint, agility, strength and endurance capacity in wheelchair basketball players. Biology of Sport, 32(1), 71–78.
  • Zhang, C., Yang, L., Liu, S., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., … Zhang, B. (2020). Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 306.
Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 436 - 442, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1161671

Abstract

Project Number

--

References

  • Alamrawy, R. G., Fadl, N., & Khaled, A. (2021). Psychiatric morbidity and dietary habits during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study among Egyptian Youth (14–24 years). Middle East Current Psychiatry, 28(1), 6.
  • Bhambhani, Y. (2002). Physiology of wheelchair racing in athletes with spinal cord injury. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 32(1), 23–51.
  • Brunes, A., B. Hansen, M., & Heir, T. (2019). Loneliness among adults with visual impairment: Prevalence, associated factors, and relationship to life satisfaction. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 17(1), 24.
  • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213.
  • Çakır Biçer, N., Baş, M., Köse, G., Şenol Duru, P., Baş, D., Karaca Çelik, E., & Köseoğlu, S. (2021). Lockdown Changed Us in Turkey Eating Behaviors, Depression Levels, and Body Weight Changes during Lockdown: An Online Survey in Turkey. Progress in Nutrition, 23(3), e2021282.
  • Cappelleri, J. C., Bushmakin, A. G., McDermott, A. M., Sadosky, A. B., Petrie, C. D., & Martin, S. (2009). Psychometric properties of a single-item scale to assess sleep quality among individuals with fibromyalgia. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 7(1), 54. Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G., & Costa, S. (2020). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(4), e13074.
  • Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sj??Str??M, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., … Oja, P. (2003). International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395.
  • González, K., Fuentes, J., & Márquez, J. L. (2017). Physical Inactivity, Sedentary Behavior and Chronic Diseases. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 38(3), 111.
  • Heinze, N., Hussain, S. F., Castle, C. L., Godier-McBard, L. R., Kempapidis, T., Ftouni, S., … Gomes, R. S. M. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on Sleep Quality in People Living With Disabilities. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 786904. Knight, J. A. (2012). Physical inactivity: Associated diseases and disorders. Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, 42(3), 320–337.
  • Koca Kosova, M., & Kosova, S. (2022). The Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels and Sleep Quality of High School and University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine, 9(2), 115–119.
  • Lebrasseur, A., Fortin-Bédard, N., Lettre, J., Bussières, E.-L., Best, K., Boucher, N., … Routhier, F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on people with physical disabilities: A rapid review. Disability and Health Journal, 14(1), 101014.
  • Mesa Vieira, C., Franco, O. H., Gómez Restrepo, C., & Abel, T. (2020). COVID-19: The forgotten priorities of the pandemic. Maturitas, 136, 38–41.
  • Runacres, A., Mackintosh, K. A., Knight, R. L., Sheeran, L., Thatcher, R., Shelley, J., & McNarry, M. A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11286.
  • Serkan Kara, Ö., Büyüklüoğlu, G., Büyüklüoğlu, N., Gül, S., Mesut Çelebi, M., & Kaya, H. (2021). Professional athletes have higher anxiety levels during COVID-19 outbreak compared to recreational athletes and sedentary people. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 574.
  • Sevi̇nç Yilmaz, D., & Seçer, E. (2022). Investigation of the Relationship Between Athletes’ Anxiety About Catching Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Their Attitudes Towards Nutrition. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences.
  • South India Disability Evidence Study Group, Gudlavalleti, M. V. S., John, N., Allagh, K., Sagar, J., Kamalakannan, S., & Ramachandra, S. S. (2014). Access to health care and employment status of people with disabilities in South India, the SIDE (South India Disability Evidence) study. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1125.
  • Talic, S., Shah, S., Wild, H., Gasevic, D., Maharaj, A., Ademi, Z., … Ilic, D. (2021). Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 375, e068302.
  • Turgut, M., Soylu, Y., & Metin, S. N. (2020). Physical activity, night eating, and mood state profiles of athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Progress in Nutrition, 22(2-S), e2020019.
  • Urbański, P., Szeliga, Ł., & Tasiemski, T. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on athletes with disabilities preparing for the Paralympic Games in Tokyo. BMC Research Notes, 14(1), 233.
  • Van Poppel, M. N. M., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Mokkink, L. B., van Mechelen, W., & Terwee, C. B. (2010). Physical Activity Questionnaires for Adults: A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties. Sports Medicine, 40(7), 565–600.
  • Warburton, D. E. R. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(6), 801–809.
  • Xiao, H., Zhang, Y., Kong, D., Li, S., & Yang, N. (2020). Social Capital and Sleep Quality in Individuals Who Self-Isolated for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in January 2020 in China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 26, e923921.
  • Yanci, J., Granados, C., Otero, M., Badiola, A., Olasagasti, J., Bidaurrazaga-Letona, I., … Gil, S. (2015). Sprint, agility, strength and endurance capacity in wheelchair basketball players. Biology of Sport, 32(1), 71–78.
  • Zhang, C., Yang, L., Liu, S., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., … Zhang, B. (2020). Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 306.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Çiğdem Bediz 0000-0002-2737-0808

Erkan Günay 0000-0003-2199-9987

Project Number --
Publication Date January 31, 2023
Submission Date August 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bediz, Ç., & Günay, E. (2023). Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 7(1), 436-442. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1161671
AMA Bediz Ç, Günay E. Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process. JBACHS. January 2023;7(1):436-442. doi:10.30621/jbachs.1161671
Chicago Bediz, Çiğdem, and Erkan Günay. “Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes During the Pandemic Process”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 2023): 436-42. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1161671.
EndNote Bediz Ç, Günay E (January 1, 2023) Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 7 1 436–442.
IEEE Ç. Bediz and E. Günay, “Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process”, JBACHS, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 436–442, 2023, doi: 10.30621/jbachs.1161671.
ISNAD Bediz, Çiğdem - Günay, Erkan. “Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes During the Pandemic Process”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 7/1 (January 2023), 436-442. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1161671.
JAMA Bediz Ç, Günay E. Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process. JBACHS. 2023;7:436–442.
MLA Bediz, Çiğdem and Erkan Günay. “Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes During the Pandemic Process”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, vol. 7, no. 1, 2023, pp. 436-42, doi:10.30621/jbachs.1161671.
Vancouver Bediz Ç, Günay E. Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process. JBACHS. 2023;7(1):436-42.