GARDEN OF MENTORING: REVISITING MENTORING IN ENTREPRENEURIAL SENSE

Year 2016, , 365 - 375, 30.12.2016

Seray Begum Samur Tereman Hande Sinem Ergun

https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.359

Abstract

For many years, mentoring has been
used as the influential career development tool in organizations.  From a wider perspective, mentoring is
perceived as a way of people development by helping individuals to achieve something
meaningful in their lives. However, due to proliferation of entrepreneurial
initiatives, now it is not only scrutinized from an intra-organizational
perspective, but also it is considered a tool for self-employed development.
Therefore, new area for cultivation in the garden of mentoring has emerged: Entrepreneurial Mentoring. Although, its
multi-faceted development effect for new ventures is accepted, mentoring is not
highly discussed topic in entrepreneurship literature to the best of our
knowledge (St-Jean and Mathieu, 2015, St-Jean and Audet,2009). Hence, this
conceptual study mainly deals with definitional issues, roots of mentoring and
how mentoring evolves from career development towards entrepreneurial
development perspective. The concern is offering some insights about multiple roles
of mentoring, especially for new-start ventures as a supportive mechanism in
their entrepreneurial journey. 

Keywords

Mentoring, entrepreneurial mentoring, entrepreneurship, new-start ventures, career development

References

• Allen, T. D., & Poteet, M. L. 1999, “Developing effective mentoring relationships: Strategies from the mentor's viewpoint”, The Career Development Quarterly, vol. 48, no.1, pp.59-73.
• Armstrong, S. J., Allinson, C. W., & Hayes, J. 2002, “Formal mentoring systems: An examination of the effects of mentor/protégé cognitive styles on the mentoring process”, Journal of Management studies, vol.39, no. 8, pp.1111-1137.
• Bozionelos, N. 2004. “Mentoring provided: Relation to mentor’s career success, personality, and mentoring received”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 24-46.
• Bozeman, B., & Feeney, M. K. 2008, “Mentor matching: A" goodness of fit" model”, Administration & Society. vol.40, no.5, pp. 465-482.
• Bruneel, J., Ratinho, T., Clarysse, B., & Groen, A. 2012, “The Evolution of Business Incubators: Comparing demand and supply of business incubation services across different incubator generations”, Technovation, vol.32, no.2, pp.110-121.
• Clarysse, B., & Yusubova, A. 2014, “Success factors of business accelerators”. Technology Business Incubation Mechanisms and Sustainable Regional Development, Proceedings, pp.1-19.
• Eby, L. T. 1997, “Alternative forms of mentoring in changing organizational environments: A conceptual extension of the mentoring literature”, Journal of vocational behavior, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 125-144.
• Eby, L. T., Rhodes, J. E., & Allen, T. D. 2007, “Definition and evolution of mentoring”, The Blackwell handbook of mentoring: A multiple perspectives approach, pp. 7-20.
• Edwards, R. L. 2016, “The value of the business coach: Exploratory analysis of the relationship between entrepreneurial mentoring and perceptions of entrepreneurial readiness”, unpublished doctoral dissertation at Webster University.
• Eesley, C. E., & Wang, Y. 2014, “The Effects of Mentoring in Entrepreneurial Career Choice”, Available at SSRN.
• Ensher, E. A., Grant-Vallone, E. J., & Marelich, W. D. 2002, “Effects of perceived attitudinal and demographic similarity on protégés' support and satisfaction gained from their mentoring relationships”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, vol. 3, no.7, pp. 1407-1430.
• Fagenson, E. A. 1989, “The mentor advantage: perceived career/job experiences of protégés versus non-protégés”, Journal of organizational behavior, vol.10, no. 4, pp. 309-320.
• Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, R. S., & Miranda, J. 2013, “Who creates jobs? Small versus large versus young”, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 347-361.
• Hunt, D. M., & Michael, C. 1983, “Mentorship: A career training and development tool”, Academy of management Review, vol.8, no.3, pp.475-485.
• Johnson, W. B. 2002, “The intentional mentor: Strategies and guidelines for the practice of mentoring”, Professional psychology: Research and practice, vol. 33, no.1, pp. 88-96.
• Kaffka, G. A., & Krueger, N. F. 2012, “From Grand Idea to Viable Execution: How Do Ventures and Entrepreneurs Co-Evolve?”, Available at SSRN.
• Kay, D., & Hinds, R. 2005, “A practical guide to mentoring”. England: Oxford, How to Books.
• Kösters, S. & Obschonka, M. 2010, “Building winners? An empirical evaluation of public business assistance in the founding process”, Jena economic research papers, No. 2010, 025.
• Kram, K. E., & Isabella, L. A. 1985, “Mentoring alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development”, Academy of management Journal, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 110-132.
• Lefebvre, M. R., Redien-Collot, R., & O’Shea, N. 2011, “The impact of entrepreneurial mentoring on wisdom acquisition and transmission: a dialogical and relational phenomenon”, EGOS paper, pp.1-38
• Lorrain, J., & Laferté, S. 2006, “Support Needs of the Young Entrepreneur”, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 19, no.1, pp. 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2006.10593357.
• McManus, S. E., & Russell, J. E. 1997, “New directions for mentoring research: An examination of related constructs”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol 51, no.1, pp. 145-161.
• Memon, J., Abd Rozan, Z., Uddin, M., & Shah, A. 2013, “Selecting a mentor: Guide for a protégé”, World Applied Sciences Journal, vol.24, no.6, pp. 732-738.
• Mullen, E. J. 1994, “Framing the mentoring relationship as an information Exchange”, Human Resource Management Review, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 257-281.
• Murray, M. 2001, “Beyond the myths and magic of mentoring: How to facilitate an effective mentoring process”. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
• Noe, R. A. 1988, “An investigation of the determinants of successful assigned mentoring relationships”, Personnel psychology, vol 41, no.3, pp. 457-479.
• Ozgen, E., & Baron, R. A. 2007, “Social sources of information in opportunity recognition: Effects of mentors, industry networks, and professional forums”, Journal of business venturing, vol. 22, no.2, pp. 174-192.
• Ragins, B. R., & Cotton, J. L. 1993, “Gender and willingness to mentor in organizations”, Journal of Management, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 97-111.
• Ragins, B. R., & Kram, K. E. 2007, “The handbook of mentoring at work: Theory, research, and practice”. Sage Publications.
• Scandura, T. A., & Schriesheim, C. A. 1994, “Leader-member exchange and supervisor career mentoring as complementary constructs in leadership research”, Academy of management Journal, vol 37, no.6, pp.1588-1602.
• Scott, E. L., Shu, P., & Lubynsky, R. 2015, “Are'Better'Ideas More Likely to Succeed? An Empirical Analysis of Startup Evaluation” . Harvard Business School Technology & Operations Mgt. Unit Working Paper, (16-013).
• Singh, V., Bains, D., & Vinnicombe, S. 2002, “Informal mentoring as an organisational resource”, Long Range Planning, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 389-405.
• St-Jean, E., & Audet, J. 2009, “Factors leading to satisfaction in a mentoring scheme for novice entrepreneurs”, International journal of evidence based coaching and mentoring, vol.7, no. 1, pp. 148-161.
• St-Jean, É., & Mathieu, C. 2015, “Developing Attitudes Toward an Entrepreneurial Career Through Mentoring The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy”, Journal of Career Development, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 325-338.
• St-Jean, É., Tremblay, M., Janssen, F., Baronet, J., Loué, C., & Nafa, A. 2016, “May business mentors act as opportunity brokers and enablers among university students?”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, pp. 1-15.
• Stone, F. 2004, “The mentoring advantage: Creating the next generation of leaders”. Dearborn Trade Publishing.
• Sullivan, R. 2000, “Entrepreneurial learning and mentoring”, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 6, no.3, pp.160-175.
• Tepper, B. J. 1995, “Upward maintenance tactics in supervisory mentoring and nonmentoring relationships”, Academy of Management journal, vol. 38, no.4, pp.1191-1205.
• Turban, D. B., & Dougherty, T. W. 1994, “Role of protégé personality in receipt of mentoring and career success”, Academy of Management journal,vo.l 37, no.3, pp. 688-702.
• Wanberg, Connie R, Welsh, Elizabeth T, Hezlett, Sarah A. 2003, “Mentoring Research: A review and dynamic process model”, Personnel and Human Resources Management, pp.39-124.
• Waters, L., McCabe, M., Kiellerup, D., & Kiellerup, S. 2002, “The role of formal mentoring on business success and self-esteem in participants of a new business start-up program”, Journal of business and psychology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 107-121.
• Weijman, G., Sijde, P., & Benthem, J. 2008, “Harvesting the results of the mentoring process of knowledge intensive startups”, Working Paper, pp.1-16.
• Whitely, W. T., & Coetsier, P. 1993, “The relationship of career mentoring to early career outcomes”, Organization Studies, vol 14, no.3, pp. 419-441.
• Wooten, K. C., Timmerman, T. A., & Folger, R. 1999, “The use of personality and the five-factor model to predict new business ventures: From outplacement to start-up”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 82-101.
• Young, A. M., & Perrewé, P. L. 2000, “The exchange relationship between mentors and protégés: The development of a framework”, Human Resource Management Review, vol.10, no.2, pp.177-209.