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INFLATION AND A PREDICTABLE PANDEMIC, FEMICIDE: EVIDENCE FROM ARDL BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH FROM TURKEY

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 78 - 87, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2022.1558

Abstract

Purpose- Although femicide has been an ongoing "problem" for centuries, it has started to attract the attention of researchers in recent years.
Femicide has been explored in many ways, but its research from an economic perspective has been neglected. The main motivation of this study
is the economic analysis of Femicide. The aim of this paper is to determine whether there is a correlation between inflation and femicide.
Methodology- To achieve this, monthly data on Femicide in Turkey (case taken from We Will Stop Femicide Platform) and monthly inflation data
from the Central Bank of Turkey (CBT) balance sheet for the period between 2013:01 and 2020:11 were tested using the Normal LM Test with two
breaks, Enders and Lee (2012) Flexible Fourier Unit Root Test and ADF and PP unit root test, the ARDL Bounds Test Approach, and Error Correction
(VECM). The VECM model has also been used to investigate the short-term relationship.
Findings- According to the analysis's results, inflation and femicide have a long-term correlation. A rise in inflation of one unit was followed by an
increase in femicides of 0.95 units, and it was demonstrated that a long-term variation between the variables approached each other by 47% in
the subsequent era.
Conclusion- Politicians should take note of the discovery that inflation and femicide are cointegrated and that inflation will increase femicide in
the current inflationary process to avert these avoidable social and economic costs. These findings are of utmost significance to society, and this
study, which is a first, adds to the body of literature.

References

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  • Albanesi, S. (2007). Inflation and inequality. Journal of Monetary Economics, 54(1), 1088-1114.
  • Anderberg, D., Rainer, H., Wadsworth, J., & Wilson, T. (2015). Unemployment and domestic violence: theory and evidence. The Economic Journal, 126, 1947-1979.
  • Bancroft, L.,& Silverman, J. G. (2002). The batterer as parent: Addressing the impact of domestic violence on family dynamics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Blejer, M. & I. Guerrero (1990). The impact of macroeconomic policies on income distribution: an empirical study of the Philippines. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(3), 414-423.
  • Castañeda, J.E. & Congdon, T. (2020). Inflation: the next threat? IEA a COVID-19 Briefing 7: June 2020.
  • Chatterjee, S., & Corbae, D. (1992). Endogenous market participation and the general equilibrium value of money. Journal of Political Economy, 100(3), 615-646.
  • Çiğdem, G. (2021). The relationship between foreign exchange rate and femicide in Turkey: evidence from the cointegration tests based on nonlinear and fourier functions. SciELO Preprints - This document is a preprint and its current status is available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.1669
  • Dalal, K. (2011). Does economic empowerment protect women from intimate partner violence? Journal of Injury & Violence Research, 3, 35–44.
  • DeKeseredy, W., & Swartz, M.D. (2011). Theoretical and definitional issues in violence against women. Schwartz, M.D. Renzetti, Edleson, J.L.,& Bergen, R.K. (Eds.) in: Sourcebook on Violence Against Women. Sage, California, 3-20.
  • De Vita, G., & Abbott, A. (2002). Are saving and investment cointegrated? An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economics Letters, 77, 293-299.
  • Easterly, W., & S. Fischer (2001). Inflation and the poor. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 33(2), 160-178.
  • Erosa, A., & G. Ventura (2002). On Inflation as a regressive consumption tax. Journal of Monetary Economics, 49(4), 761-795.
  • Golden, S.D., Perreira, K.M., & Durrance, C.P. (2013). Troubled times, troubled relationships: how economic resources, gender beliefs, and neighbourhood disadvantage influence intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(10), 2134–2155.
  • KADAV. (2021). Kadına Yönelik Şiddet Kasım ve Aralık Ayı Raporu
  • Karaduman T. A, Uyanık D., & Karakaya Z. (1993). Şiddeti içselleştiren kadın profili: Türkiye için nicel yaklaşım. Erişim Adresi:Www.Die.Gov.Tr/Tkba/English_TKBA/Makaleler.Htm-12k
  • Kopuk, E., & Meçik, O. (2022). The effect of the depreciation of turkish lira on Turkey’s foreign trade. Süleyman Demirel University Visionary Journal, 13(34), 551-565.
  • Krishnan, S., Rocca, C.H., Hubbard, A.E., Subbiah, K., Edmeades, J., & Padian, N.S. (2010). Do changes in spousal employment status lead to domestic violence? Insights from a prospective study in Bangalore, India. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 136–143.
  • Mason, B., & Smithey, M. (2012). The effects of academic and interpersonal stress on dating violence among college students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27 (5), 974–986.
  • Meh, C., & Y. Terajima (2010). Aggregate and Welfare Effects of Redistribution of Wealth under Inflation and Price-Level Targeting. Journal of Monetary Economics, 57(6), 637-652.
  • Mert, M., & Çağlar, A.E. (2019). Eviews ve gauss uygulamalı zaman serileri analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Najafova, L. (2020). Türkiye’de kadina yönelik aile içi şiddetle ilgili araştirmalarin sistematik derlemesi. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Istanbul University.
  • Nguyen, V. B. (2015). Effects of public debt on inflation in developing economies of Asia: an empirical evidence based on panel differenced GMM regression and PMG estimation. The Empirical Economics Letters, 14(4), 341-351.
  • Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of Level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Rahman, M., Hoque, A., & Makinoda, S. (2011). Intimate partner violence against women: Is women empowerment a reducing factor? A study from a national Bangladeshi sample. Journal of Family Violence, 26, 411–420.
  • Ribba, A. (2003). Short-Run and Long-Run Interaction Between Inflation and Unemployment in the USA. Applied Economics Letters, 10(6), 373- 376.
  • Romer, C.D. & D.H. Romer (1998). Monetary Policy and the Well-Being of the Poor. NBER Working Paper, 6793, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Sanz‐Barbero, B., Otero García, L., Boira, S., Marcuello, C., & VivesCases, C. (2016). Femicide across Europe COST action, a transnationalcooperation network for the study of and approach to femicide in Europe.Gaceta Sanitaria, 30(5), 393–396.
  • Standish, K., & Weil, S. (2021). Gendered pandemics: suicide, femicide and COVID-19. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(7), 807-818.
  • TCMB. (2004). Enflasyon. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
  • TCMB. (2013). Enflasyon ve Fiyat İstikrarı. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
  • Terrazas-Carrillo, E. C., & McWhirter, P. T. (2015). Employment status and intimate partner violence among Mexican women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(7), 1128–1152.
  • Thalassinos, E. et al. (2012). Income Inequality and Inflation in the EU. European Research Studies Journal, 15(1), 127-140.
  • Tskhadadze, K. (2019). The impact of external debt on inflation rate in Georgia. Eco forum Journal, 8 (2), 1-5.
  • Turgut, E, Uçan, O., & Başaran, N. (2021). Turizm sektörünün Türkiye ekonomisine etkisi: ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (45), 144-159.
  • Weil, S. (2020). Two global pandemics: femicide and COVID-19. Trauma and Memory, 8(2), 110-112.
  • Yaşantı Psikoloji. Ekonomi ruh sağlığımızı nasıl etkiliyor? https://www.yasantipsikoloji.com/kaygi-anksiyete/ekonomi-ruh-sagligimizi-nasil-etkiliyor
  • Yaşar, M. R. (2017). İki şiddet arasında kadın. Akademik Matbuat, 1(1), 1-20.
  • Yeboah, M. A., Mallick, S., & Mohsin, M. (2016). Real effects of inflation on external debt in developing economies. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1553
  • Yenipazarlı, A., & Demir, E. (2019). Politik istikrar döneminde dış borçların enflasyon üzerindeki etkileri: Türkiye üzerine ampirik analiz. Econworld 2019 Konferansı, Ocak 23-25, 1-13, Sevilla, İspanya.
  • Zhang, X. (2012). The effects of parental education and family income on mother-child relationships, father-child relationships, and family environments in the People’s Republic of China. Family Process, 51 (4), 483-4
Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 78 - 87, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2022.1558

Abstract

References

  • Aizer, A. (2010). The gender wage gap and domestic violence. American Economic Review, 100, 1847–1859.
  • Albanesi, S. (2007). Inflation and inequality. Journal of Monetary Economics, 54(1), 1088-1114.
  • Anderberg, D., Rainer, H., Wadsworth, J., & Wilson, T. (2015). Unemployment and domestic violence: theory and evidence. The Economic Journal, 126, 1947-1979.
  • Bancroft, L.,& Silverman, J. G. (2002). The batterer as parent: Addressing the impact of domestic violence on family dynamics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Blejer, M. & I. Guerrero (1990). The impact of macroeconomic policies on income distribution: an empirical study of the Philippines. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(3), 414-423.
  • Castañeda, J.E. & Congdon, T. (2020). Inflation: the next threat? IEA a COVID-19 Briefing 7: June 2020.
  • Chatterjee, S., & Corbae, D. (1992). Endogenous market participation and the general equilibrium value of money. Journal of Political Economy, 100(3), 615-646.
  • Çiğdem, G. (2021). The relationship between foreign exchange rate and femicide in Turkey: evidence from the cointegration tests based on nonlinear and fourier functions. SciELO Preprints - This document is a preprint and its current status is available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.1669
  • Dalal, K. (2011). Does economic empowerment protect women from intimate partner violence? Journal of Injury & Violence Research, 3, 35–44.
  • DeKeseredy, W., & Swartz, M.D. (2011). Theoretical and definitional issues in violence against women. Schwartz, M.D. Renzetti, Edleson, J.L.,& Bergen, R.K. (Eds.) in: Sourcebook on Violence Against Women. Sage, California, 3-20.
  • De Vita, G., & Abbott, A. (2002). Are saving and investment cointegrated? An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economics Letters, 77, 293-299.
  • Easterly, W., & S. Fischer (2001). Inflation and the poor. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 33(2), 160-178.
  • Erosa, A., & G. Ventura (2002). On Inflation as a regressive consumption tax. Journal of Monetary Economics, 49(4), 761-795.
  • Golden, S.D., Perreira, K.M., & Durrance, C.P. (2013). Troubled times, troubled relationships: how economic resources, gender beliefs, and neighbourhood disadvantage influence intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(10), 2134–2155.
  • KADAV. (2021). Kadına Yönelik Şiddet Kasım ve Aralık Ayı Raporu
  • Karaduman T. A, Uyanık D., & Karakaya Z. (1993). Şiddeti içselleştiren kadın profili: Türkiye için nicel yaklaşım. Erişim Adresi:Www.Die.Gov.Tr/Tkba/English_TKBA/Makaleler.Htm-12k
  • Kopuk, E., & Meçik, O. (2022). The effect of the depreciation of turkish lira on Turkey’s foreign trade. Süleyman Demirel University Visionary Journal, 13(34), 551-565.
  • Krishnan, S., Rocca, C.H., Hubbard, A.E., Subbiah, K., Edmeades, J., & Padian, N.S. (2010). Do changes in spousal employment status lead to domestic violence? Insights from a prospective study in Bangalore, India. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 136–143.
  • Mason, B., & Smithey, M. (2012). The effects of academic and interpersonal stress on dating violence among college students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27 (5), 974–986.
  • Meh, C., & Y. Terajima (2010). Aggregate and Welfare Effects of Redistribution of Wealth under Inflation and Price-Level Targeting. Journal of Monetary Economics, 57(6), 637-652.
  • Mert, M., & Çağlar, A.E. (2019). Eviews ve gauss uygulamalı zaman serileri analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Najafova, L. (2020). Türkiye’de kadina yönelik aile içi şiddetle ilgili araştirmalarin sistematik derlemesi. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Istanbul University.
  • Nguyen, V. B. (2015). Effects of public debt on inflation in developing economies of Asia: an empirical evidence based on panel differenced GMM regression and PMG estimation. The Empirical Economics Letters, 14(4), 341-351.
  • Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of Level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Rahman, M., Hoque, A., & Makinoda, S. (2011). Intimate partner violence against women: Is women empowerment a reducing factor? A study from a national Bangladeshi sample. Journal of Family Violence, 26, 411–420.
  • Ribba, A. (2003). Short-Run and Long-Run Interaction Between Inflation and Unemployment in the USA. Applied Economics Letters, 10(6), 373- 376.
  • Romer, C.D. & D.H. Romer (1998). Monetary Policy and the Well-Being of the Poor. NBER Working Paper, 6793, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Sanz‐Barbero, B., Otero García, L., Boira, S., Marcuello, C., & VivesCases, C. (2016). Femicide across Europe COST action, a transnationalcooperation network for the study of and approach to femicide in Europe.Gaceta Sanitaria, 30(5), 393–396.
  • Standish, K., & Weil, S. (2021). Gendered pandemics: suicide, femicide and COVID-19. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(7), 807-818.
  • TCMB. (2004). Enflasyon. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
  • TCMB. (2013). Enflasyon ve Fiyat İstikrarı. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
  • Terrazas-Carrillo, E. C., & McWhirter, P. T. (2015). Employment status and intimate partner violence among Mexican women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(7), 1128–1152.
  • Thalassinos, E. et al. (2012). Income Inequality and Inflation in the EU. European Research Studies Journal, 15(1), 127-140.
  • Tskhadadze, K. (2019). The impact of external debt on inflation rate in Georgia. Eco forum Journal, 8 (2), 1-5.
  • Turgut, E, Uçan, O., & Başaran, N. (2021). Turizm sektörünün Türkiye ekonomisine etkisi: ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (45), 144-159.
  • Weil, S. (2020). Two global pandemics: femicide and COVID-19. Trauma and Memory, 8(2), 110-112.
  • Yaşantı Psikoloji. Ekonomi ruh sağlığımızı nasıl etkiliyor? https://www.yasantipsikoloji.com/kaygi-anksiyete/ekonomi-ruh-sagligimizi-nasil-etkiliyor
  • Yaşar, M. R. (2017). İki şiddet arasında kadın. Akademik Matbuat, 1(1), 1-20.
  • Yeboah, M. A., Mallick, S., & Mohsin, M. (2016). Real effects of inflation on external debt in developing economies. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1553
  • Yenipazarlı, A., & Demir, E. (2019). Politik istikrar döneminde dış borçların enflasyon üzerindeki etkileri: Türkiye üzerine ampirik analiz. Econworld 2019 Konferansı, Ocak 23-25, 1-13, Sevilla, İspanya.
  • Zhang, X. (2012). The effects of parental education and family income on mother-child relationships, father-child relationships, and family environments in the People’s Republic of China. Family Process, 51 (4), 483-4
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Finance, Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gulgun Cigdem This is me 0000-0001-5353-8638

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Cigdem, G. (2022). INFLATION AND A PREDICTABLE PANDEMIC, FEMICIDE: EVIDENCE FROM ARDL BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH FROM TURKEY. Journal of Business Economics and Finance, 11(2), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2022.1558

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