Evaluation of The Low Risk Pregnant Women Who Gave Birth to Macrosomic Infants

Year 2017, , 114 - 119, 29.12.2017

Ali Özgür Ersoy , Efser Öztaş Sibel Özler

https://doi.org/10.5799/jcei.382414

Abstract

ÖZET

Amaç: Fetal makrozomi,
maternal, fetal ve neonatal sağlığı etkileyen önemli bir faktördür.
Çalışmamızın amacı, fetal makrozomiye yol açan maternal faktörleri ve gebelik
sonuçlarını irdelemekti.

Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Üçüncü
basamak referans merkezi olan hastanemize miadında doğum için belirgin bir risk
faktörü olmadan başvuran, makrozomik bebek doğuran 348 kadın hasta çalışma
grubu, makrozomik olmayan bebek doğuran 474 hasta da kontrol grubu olarak
araştırmamıza dahil edildi. Gruplar arasında kişisel özellikler, laboratuvar
özellikleri ve yenidoğan sağlığı açısından retrospektif olarak karşılaştırma
yapıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışma
grubundaki kadınların, yaşı, gebelik öncesi ve gebelik sonu vücut kitle
endeksleri, gebelikte ağırlık artışı, önceki doğum sayısı kontrol grubuna göre
belirgin olarak yüksekti. Bebeklerin doğum ağırlıkları, doğumun gerçekleştiği
gebelik haftasıyla ve geçmiş doğum sayısı ile anlamlı pozitif korelasyon
göstermekteydi. Açlık kan glukozu makrozomik bebek doğuran grupta belirgin
yüksekti.

Sonuç: Makrozomik bebek
doğuran kadınlar, makrozomik doğurmayanlara göre daha ileri yaşta, daha obez,
gebelikte daha fazla kilo almış, daha fazla sayıda doğum yapmış ve daha ileri
gebelik haftasında doğurmuş kadınlardır. Diyabetik olmayan gebelerde de olsa,
açlık glisemi düzeyi arttıkça bebek doğum ağırlığı artmaktadır. Neonatal
hipoglisemi, hiperbilirubinemi riskleri ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ihtiyacı
makrozomi ile artmaktadır.

 

ABSTRACT

Objective: Fetal macrosomia is an important entity that effects
maternal, fetal and neonatal well-being. Our aim was to investigate the
maternal factors which cause fetal macrosomia and to investigate the pregnancy
outcomes.

Patients and
Methods: Three hundred
forty-eight low-risk women who attended to our tertiary care institution for
delivery and gave birth to a macrosomic infant were recruited as the study
group, and 474 low-risk women who gave birth to a non-macrosomic infant were
recruited as the control group. Individual, laboratorial characteristics, and
neonatal health variables were compared between two groups.

Results: Maternal age, prepregnancy and peripartum body mass
indices, weight gain during pregnancy and parity values in the study group were
more than the control group. Birth weights of the babies correlated
significantly with gestational age at birth and parity values. Fasting blood
glucose levels of the mothers in the macrosomia group were significantly higher
than the control group.

Conclusions: Women who gave birth to a macrosomic infant were
older, more obese, gained more weight in the pregnancy period, had more parity,
delivered at a later gestational age than women who gave birth to a
non-macrosomic infant. Birth weight of the baby increases with increasing
fasting blood glucose levels, even if the pregnant woman does not have any type
of diabetes in pregnancy. The risks of neonatal hypoglycemia and
hyperbilirubinemia, and the need for neonatal intensive care unit were more
frequent in macrosomic infants.

Keywords

Birth weight, macrosomia, parity, pregnancy outcome

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