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Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]

Year 2012, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 357 - 362, 01.09.2012
https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with AGN in a tertiary university hospital. Materials and methods: Hospital records of children, which hospitalized with AGN diagnosis in Pediatric Nephrology Unit, between 2004 and 2011, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three subgroups as age 10 years. Characteristics at hospital admission including, blood pressure, diuresis state, serum urea, creatinine and electrolyte levels, complement factors C3 and C4, complete blood count and urine analysis results were recorded. Data about primary infection, treatments, disease course and outcome were recorded and analyzed. Results: Totally 220 children (157 male, 71.2%; 63 female, 28.8%) were included. Probable etiological infections were tonsillopharyngitis in 133 (60.5%), pyoderma in 12 (5.5%), other infections in 27 (12.2%) children. In 48 (21.8) children with AGN, no primary infection were detected. Edema was found in 81.4% of patients, hypertension in 73.6%, and pulmonary stasis in 22.6%. Low C3 levels were found in 89.1%, azotemia in 45.9%, hematuria in 95.4%, nephritic proteinuria in 80.5%, and leukocyturia in 37.6% of patients. Diuresis was enabled within one week in 82%. Additional vasodilators were given to 45 (20.5%) patients, and hemodialysis was performed to three. Except for frequency of low C3 (p=0.018) and anemia (p=0.006), no significant differences were found in clinical and laboratory findings between age groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: No difference was found in clinical and laboratory features of AGN based on age groups, excluding low C3 and anemia frequency.

References

  • Eison TM, Ault BH, Jones DP, Chesney RW, Wyatt RJ. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis in children: clinical features and pathogenesis. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26(2):165-80.
  • Sulyok E. Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P (eds) Pediatric nephrology, 5th edn. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004, pp 601-13.
  • Clark G, White RH, Glasgow EF et al. Poststreptococ- cal glomerulonephritis in children: Clinicopathological correlations and long-term prognosis. Pediatr Nephrol 1988; 2(3): 381- 8.
  • Popovic-Rolovic M, Kostic M, Antic-Peco A, Jovanovic O, Popovic D. Medium and long-term prognosis of pa- tients with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephri- tis. Nephron 1991; 58(4): 393- 9.
  • Kasahara T, Hayakawa H, Okubo S, et al. Prognosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is excellent in children, when adequately diagnosed. Pediatr Int 2001; 43(4): 364- 7.
  • Garcia R, Rubio L, Rodriguez-Iturbe B. Long term prog- nosis of epidemic poststreptococcal glomerulonephri- tis in Maracaibo. Follow-up studies 11-12 years after the acute episode. Clin Nephrol 1981; 15(3): 291-8.
  • Baldwin DS, Gluck MC, Schacht RG, Gallo G. The longterm course of poststreptococcal glomerulone- phritis. Ann Intern Med 1974; 80(3): 342- 58.
  • Schwartz GJ, Haycock GB, Edelmann CM Jr, Spitzer A. A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in chil- dren derived from body length and plasma creatinine. Pediatrics 1976; 58(2): 259- 63.
  • Blyth CC, Robertson PW, Rosenberg AR. Post-strep- tococcal glomerulonephritis in Sydney: A 16-year retrospective review. J Paediatrics Child Health 43;2007(4): 446-50.
  • Sarkissian A, Papazian M, Azatian G, Arikiants N, Babloyan A, Leumann E. An epidemic of acute postin- fectious glomerulonephritis in Armenia. Arch Dis Child 1997;77(3):342-4.
  • Bingler MA, Ellis D, Moritz ML. Acute post-streptococ- cal glomerulonephritis in a 14-month-old boy: why is this uncommon? Pediatr Nephrol 2007;22(3):448-50.
  • Rodriguez-Iturbe B. Epidemic poststreptococcal glo- merulonephritis. Kidney Int 1984;25(1):129-36.
  • Travis LB, Dodge WF, Beathard GA, et al. Acute glomerulonephritis in children. A review of the natu- ral history with emphasis on prognosis. Clin Nephrol 1973;1(1):169-81.
  • Aynacı M, Mocan H, Karagüzel G, Aslan Y. Doğu Ka- radeniz bölgesinde çocukluk çağında akut glömerülo- nefrit. Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Der- gisi1994; 3(1): 49-52.
  • Wong W, Morris MC, Zwi J. Outcome of severe acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in New Zealand children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009; 24(9):1021-6.
  • Berros X, Lagomarsino E, Sandoval ES, Guzman B, Riedel I. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephri- tis in Chile-20 years of experience. Pediatr Nephrol 2004; 19(3):306-12.
  • Sanjad S, Tolaymat A, Whitworth J, Levin S. Acute glomerulonephritis in children: a review of 153 cases. South Med J 1977;70(10):1202-6.
  • Schwartz B, Facklam RR, Breiman RF. Changing epidemiology of group A streptococcal infection in the USA. Lancet 1990;336(8724):1167-71.
  • Strife CF, McAdams AJ, McEnery PT, Bove KE,West CD.Hypocomplementemic and normocomplement- emic acute nephritis in children: a comparison with re- spect to etiology, clinical manifestations, and glomeru- lar morphology. J Pediatr 1974;84(1):29-38.

Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]

Year 2012, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 357 - 362, 01.09.2012
https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı üçüncü basamak bir üniversite hastanesinde akut glomerulonefrit (AGN)\'li çocukların klinik ve laboratuvar özelliklerini irdelemektir. Gereç ve yöntem: Çocuk Nefroloji Kliniğinde 2004-2011 yılları arasında AGN tanısıyla yatırılarak tedavi edilen çocukların kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastalar 10 yaş üstü olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların hastaneye başvuru anındaki özellikleri olarak kan basıncı, diürez durumu, serum üre ve kreatinin değerleri, elektrolit düzeyleri ve kompleman C3 ve C4 faktörleri, tam kan sayımı ve idrar analiz bulguları kaydedildi. Ayrıca başlatan enfeksiyon, uygulanan tedaviler, klinik seyir ve sonuç belirlenerek kaydedildi ve elde edilen veriler analiz edildi. Bulgular: Hastaneye yatırılarak izlenen 63\'ü kız (%28,8), 157\'si erkek (%71,2), toplam 220 AGN\'li çocuk incelendi. Tetikleyen enfeksiyon olarak, tonsillofarenjit 133 (%60,5) hastada, piyoderma 12 hastada (%5,5), ve diğer enfeksiyonlar 27 hastada (%12,2) saptanırken; 48 hastada (%21,8) herhangi bir enfeksiyon bulunmadı. Hastaların %81,4\'ünde ödem, %73,6\'sında hipertansiyon, %22,6\'sinda akciğerde staz bulguları saptandı. Hastaların %89,1\'inde C3 düşüklüğü ve %45,9\'unda azotemi gözlendi. Hematüri %95,4 hastada, nefritik proteinüri %80,5\'unda, lökositüri %37,6\'sında görüldü. Diürez 180 (%82) hastada bir haftada normale geldi. Düretik tedavisi ile kan basıncı kontrol altına alınamayan 45 hastaya (%20,5) ilave vazodilatör ilaçlar verildi. Üç hastada hemodiyaliz yapıldı. Ancak AGN yaş grupları arasında, C3 düşüklüğü (p=0.018) ve anemi sıklığı (p=0.006) farklı bulunurken, diğer klinik ve laboratuvar bulgular bakımından anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0.05). Sonuç: Akut glomerülonefrit çocuklarda klinik ve laboratuvar özellikler yaş gruplarına göre C3 düşüklüğü ve anemi sıklığı dışında anlamlı farklılık göstermedi.

References

  • Eison TM, Ault BH, Jones DP, Chesney RW, Wyatt RJ. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis in children: clinical features and pathogenesis. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26(2):165-80.
  • Sulyok E. Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P (eds) Pediatric nephrology, 5th edn. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004, pp 601-13.
  • Clark G, White RH, Glasgow EF et al. Poststreptococ- cal glomerulonephritis in children: Clinicopathological correlations and long-term prognosis. Pediatr Nephrol 1988; 2(3): 381- 8.
  • Popovic-Rolovic M, Kostic M, Antic-Peco A, Jovanovic O, Popovic D. Medium and long-term prognosis of pa- tients with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephri- tis. Nephron 1991; 58(4): 393- 9.
  • Kasahara T, Hayakawa H, Okubo S, et al. Prognosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is excellent in children, when adequately diagnosed. Pediatr Int 2001; 43(4): 364- 7.
  • Garcia R, Rubio L, Rodriguez-Iturbe B. Long term prog- nosis of epidemic poststreptococcal glomerulonephri- tis in Maracaibo. Follow-up studies 11-12 years after the acute episode. Clin Nephrol 1981; 15(3): 291-8.
  • Baldwin DS, Gluck MC, Schacht RG, Gallo G. The longterm course of poststreptococcal glomerulone- phritis. Ann Intern Med 1974; 80(3): 342- 58.
  • Schwartz GJ, Haycock GB, Edelmann CM Jr, Spitzer A. A simple estimate of glomerular filtration rate in chil- dren derived from body length and plasma creatinine. Pediatrics 1976; 58(2): 259- 63.
  • Blyth CC, Robertson PW, Rosenberg AR. Post-strep- tococcal glomerulonephritis in Sydney: A 16-year retrospective review. J Paediatrics Child Health 43;2007(4): 446-50.
  • Sarkissian A, Papazian M, Azatian G, Arikiants N, Babloyan A, Leumann E. An epidemic of acute postin- fectious glomerulonephritis in Armenia. Arch Dis Child 1997;77(3):342-4.
  • Bingler MA, Ellis D, Moritz ML. Acute post-streptococ- cal glomerulonephritis in a 14-month-old boy: why is this uncommon? Pediatr Nephrol 2007;22(3):448-50.
  • Rodriguez-Iturbe B. Epidemic poststreptococcal glo- merulonephritis. Kidney Int 1984;25(1):129-36.
  • Travis LB, Dodge WF, Beathard GA, et al. Acute glomerulonephritis in children. A review of the natu- ral history with emphasis on prognosis. Clin Nephrol 1973;1(1):169-81.
  • Aynacı M, Mocan H, Karagüzel G, Aslan Y. Doğu Ka- radeniz bölgesinde çocukluk çağında akut glömerülo- nefrit. Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Der- gisi1994; 3(1): 49-52.
  • Wong W, Morris MC, Zwi J. Outcome of severe acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in New Zealand children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009; 24(9):1021-6.
  • Berros X, Lagomarsino E, Sandoval ES, Guzman B, Riedel I. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephri- tis in Chile-20 years of experience. Pediatr Nephrol 2004; 19(3):306-12.
  • Sanjad S, Tolaymat A, Whitworth J, Levin S. Acute glomerulonephritis in children: a review of 153 cases. South Med J 1977;70(10):1202-6.
  • Schwartz B, Facklam RR, Breiman RF. Changing epidemiology of group A streptococcal infection in the USA. Lancet 1990;336(8724):1167-71.
  • Strife CF, McAdams AJ, McEnery PT, Bove KE,West CD.Hypocomplementemic and normocomplement- emic acute nephritis in children: a comparison with re- spect to etiology, clinical manifestations, and glomeru- lar morphology. J Pediatr 1974;84(1):29-38.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ali Güneş This is me

Aydın Ece This is me

Servet Yel This is me

İlyas Yolbaş This is me

Ünal Uluca This is me

İlhan Tan This is me

Velat Şen This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Güneş, A., Ece, A., Yel, S., Yolbaş, İ., et al. (2012). Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 3(3), 357-362. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178
AMA Güneş A, Ece A, Yel S, Yolbaş İ, Uluca Ü, Tan İ, Şen V. Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]. J Clin Exp Invest. September 2012;3(3):357-362. doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178
Chicago Güneş, Ali, Aydın Ece, Servet Yel, İlyas Yolbaş, Ünal Uluca, İlhan Tan, and Velat Şen. “Çocuklarda Akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü Basamak sağlık Merkezinde Yedi yıllık Deneyim [Acute Glomerulonephritis in Children: A Seven-Year Experience in a Tertiary Health Center]”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 3, no. 3 (September 2012): 357-62. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178.
EndNote Güneş A, Ece A, Yel S, Yolbaş İ, Uluca Ü, Tan İ, Şen V (September 1, 2012) Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 3 3 357–362.
IEEE A. Güneş, A. Ece, S. Yel, İ. Yolbaş, Ü. Uluca, İ. Tan, and V. Şen, “Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]”, J Clin Exp Invest, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 357–362, 2012, doi: 10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178.
ISNAD Güneş, Ali et al. “Çocuklarda Akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü Basamak sağlık Merkezinde Yedi yıllık Deneyim [Acute Glomerulonephritis in Children: A Seven-Year Experience in a Tertiary Health Center]”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 3/3 (September 2012), 357-362. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178.
JAMA Güneş A, Ece A, Yel S, Yolbaş İ, Uluca Ü, Tan İ, Şen V. Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]. J Clin Exp Invest. 2012;3:357–362.
MLA Güneş, Ali et al. “Çocuklarda Akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü Basamak sağlık Merkezinde Yedi yıllık Deneyim [Acute Glomerulonephritis in Children: A Seven-Year Experience in a Tertiary Health Center]”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, vol. 3, no. 3, 2012, pp. 357-62, doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2012.03.0178.
Vancouver Güneş A, Ece A, Yel S, Yolbaş İ, Uluca Ü, Tan İ, Şen V. Çocuklarda akut glomerülonefrit: Üçüncü basamak sağlık merkezinde yedi yıllık deneyim [Acute glomerulonephritis in children: A seven-year experience in a tertiary health center]. J Clin Exp Invest. 2012;3(3):357-62.