Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development

Fatih Mehmet Gür; Sema Timurkaan

doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051

Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development

Year 2011, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 260 - 266, 01.09.2011

Fatih Mehmet Gür Sema Timurkaan

https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental pattern of androgen receptor (AR) in caput epididymis. Materials and methods: In this study three randomly selected rats were sacrificed at ages 21, 56, 90 and 120 days old. All male rats were anesthetized with ethyl ether before killing. Then, the caput epididymides were removed and fixed in Bouin's fixative at +4°C for 36 hour. Afterwards the tissue samples were embedded in paraffin for routine histological methods. Later the tissues were sectioned at 5μm and mounted on poly-L-lysin-coated slides. To solve the antigen masking problem, we performed microwave stimulated antigen retrieval technique before the immunohistochemical staining. Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (ABC) method was applied for immunohistochemical staining. Results: In all age groups of rats studied, positive immunohistochemical staining for the AR appeared in nuclei of epididymal cells. The staining intensity of AR positive cells did not change depending on age. In caput epididymis, immunostainable AR was found in tubular epithelial cells (principal cells, basal cells and apical cells) and peritubular smooth muscle cells. The AR staining in the epithelial cells appeared to be stronger than in the peritubular smooth muscle cells. In the epithelial cells; staining intensity was stronger in principal cells than in basal cells and apical cells. Conclusion: Staining intensity of AR positive epididymal cells irrespective of age indicated the necessity of androgens for postnatal differentiation and maintaining the structure of the epididymis. Stronger staining intensity in principal cells suggested that principal cells are more sensitive to androgen stimulation.

Keywords

References

1. Ungefroren H, Ivell R, Ergün S. Region-specific expression of the androgen receptor in the human epididymis. Mol Hum Reprod 1997; 11(3):933-40.
2. Abraham L, Kierszenbaum AL. Histology and Cell Biology. An Introduction to Pathology. In, Spermatogenez. Second ed. 2007:569-94, Philadelphia.
3. Moonjit P, Suwanpugdee A. Histological structure of testes and ductus epididymis of rusa deer (Cervus timorensis). Kasetsart J (Nat Sci) 2007; 41:86- 90.
4. Brooks DE. Influence of androgens on the weights of the male accessory reproductive organs and on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes in the epididymis of the rat. J Endocrinol 1979; 82(2):293-303.
5. Maneenly RB. Epididymal structure an function: a historical and critical review. Act Zoologica1959;40(1): 1-21.
6. Orgebin-Christ MC. Androgens and epididymal function. In, Shalender B, Henry LG, Jeffrey MS, Ronald SS and Christina W (Ed): Pharmacology, Biology and Clinical Applications of Androgens. Second ed. New York: Wiley; 1996:27-34.
7. Robaire B, Hermo H. Efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens: structure, functions, and their regulation. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds.), The Physiology of Reproduction. Vol. 1. New York: Raven Press; 1988:1037-55.
8. Amann RP, Hammerstedt RH, Veeramanchaneni DNR The epididymis and sperm maturation-a perspective. Reprod Fertil Dev 1993;5(4):361-81.
9. Brooks DE. Effect of androgens on protein synthesis and secretion in various regions of the rat epididymis, as analyzed by 2 dimensional gel electrophoresis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1983; 29(3):255-70.
10. Holland MK, Orgebin-Crist MC. Characterization and hormonal regulation of protein synthesis by the murine epididymis. Biol Reprod 1988; 38(4):487-96.
11. Carson-Jurica MA, Schrader WT, O’Malley BW. Steroid receptor family: Structure and functions. End Rev 1990; 11(3): 201-20.
12. Turner TT, Jones CE, Howards SS, Ewing LL, Zegeye B, Gunsalus GL. On the androgen microenvironment of maturing spermatozoa in the adult rat. Endocrinol 1984;115(5):1925-32.
13. Bardin CW, Hardy MP, Catterall JF. Androgen. In, Adashi EY, Rock JA, Rosenwaks Z (Ed): Reproductive Endocrinology, Surgery and Technology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia. 1996;505–25.
14. Zho ZX, Wong CI, Sar M, Wilson EM. The androgen receptor. Recent Prog Horm Res 1994;49(3): 249-74.
15. Carreau S, Drosdowsky, MA, Courot M. Androgen-binding protein in sheep epididymis: characterization of a cytoplasmic receptor in the ram epididymis. J Endocrinol 1984;103(3):273-9.
16. Paris F, Weinbauer GF, Blum V, Nieschlag E. The effect ofandrogens and antiandrogens on the immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor in accessory reproductive organs of the male rat. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;48(2):129-37.
17. Takeda H, Chodak G. Mutchnik S, Nakamoto T. Chang C. Immuno histochemical localization of androgen receptors with mono- and polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptor. J Endocrinol 1990;126(1):17-25.
18. Tekpetey FR, Veeramachaneni DN, Amann RP. Localization of androgen receptors in ram epididymal principal cells. J Reprod Fertil 1989;87(3):311-9.
19. Tindall DJ, Hansson V, McLean WS, Ritzen EM, Nayfeh SN, French FS. Androgen-binding proteins in rat epididymis: properties of a cytoplasmic receptor for androgen similar to the androgen receptor in ventral prostate and different from androgen-binding protein (ABP). Mol Cell Endocr 1975;3(2):83-101.
20. Zhou Q, Nie R, Prins G S, Saunders PTK, Katzenellenbogen BS, Hess RA. Localization of androgen and estrogen receptors in adult male mouse reproductive tract. j Androl 2002;23(6):870-81.
21. Crabo B. Studies on the composition of epididymal contents in bulls and boars. Acta Vet Scand 1965; 6(5):1-94. 22. Turner TT. Resorption versus secretion in the rat epididymis. J Reprod Fertil 1984;21(7):883-90.
23. Iwamura M, Abrahamsson PA, Benning CM, Cockett ATK, Di Sant’Agnese PA. Androgen receptor immunostaining and its tissue distribution in formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded sections after microwave treatment. J Histochem Cytochem 1994; 42(6):783-8.
24. Collins PM, Tsang WN. An assessment of the function of the seminiferous tubules and interstitium of the rat testis following ligation of the vasa efferentia. Biol Reprod 1979; 20(7):671-80.
25. Malayer JR, Gorski J. An integrated model of estrogen receptor action. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1993; 10(2):159- 77.
26. Janssen PJ, Brinkmann AO, Boersma WJ, van der Kwast TH. Immunohistochemical detection of the androgen receptor with monoclonal antibody F39.4 in routinely processed, paraffinembedded human tissues after microwave pretreatment. J Histochem Cytochem 1994;42(8):1169-75.
27. Kimura N, Mizokami A, Oonuma T, Sasano H, Nagura H. Immunocytochemical localization of androgen receptor with polyclonal antibody in paraffin-embedded human tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 1993;41(5):671-8.
28. Ruizeveld de Winter JA, Trampan M, Vermey M, Mulder E, Zegers ND, van der Kwast TH. Androgen receptor expression in human tisues: An immunohistochemical study. J Histochem Cytochem 1991; 39(7): 927-36.
29. West NB, Brenner RM. Estrogen receptor in the ductuli efferentes, epididymis and testis of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. Biol Reprod 1990;42(3):533-8.
30. Bremner WJ, Millar MR, Sharpe RM, Saunders PTK. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in the rat testis: evidence for stage-dependent expression and regulation by androgens. Endocrin 1994;135(3):1227-34.
31. Iguchi T, Uesugi Y, Sato T, Ohta Y, Takasugi N. Developmental pattern of estrogen receptor expression in male mouse genital organs. Mol Androl 1991;3:109-19.
32. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Khalil MK, Chiu J, Vig MM. Immunolocalization of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor in the developing testis and excurrent ducts of goats. Anat rec 1997b;249:54-62.
33. Parlevliet JM, Pearl CA, Hess MF, Famula TR, Roser JF. Immunolocalization of estrogen and androgen receptors and steroid concentrations in the stallion epididymis. Theriogenology 2006;66(4):755-65.
34. Carreau S, Drosdowsky MA, Courot M. Androgen-binding proteins in sheep epididymis: age-related effects on androgen-binding protein, cytosolic androgen receptor and testosterone concentrations. Correlations with histological studies. J Endocrin 1984a;103:281-6.
35. Zhu LJ, Hardy MP Inigo IV, Huhtaniemi I, Bardin CW, Moo-Young AJ. Effects of androgen on androgen receptor expression in rat testicular and epididymal cells: a quantitative ımmunohistochemical study. Biol Reprod 2000;63(2):368-76.
36. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Neff CW. Immunolocalization of receptors for androgen and estrogen in male caprine reproductive tissues: Unique distribution of estrogen receptors in efferent ductul epithelium. Biol Reprod 1997a;56:90-101.
37. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Khalil MK, Williams CS, Vig MM. Regulation of androgen and estrogen receptors in male excurrent ducts of the goat: an immunohistochemical study. Anat Rec 1998;250: 164-71.
38. Trybek G, Kolasa A, Marchlewicz M, Wenda-Rozewicka L, Wiszniewska B. Immunolocalization of androgen receptor in the epididymis of rats with dihydrotestosterone deficiency. Biol Reprod 2005;5(3): 291-301.
39. Yamashita S. Localization of estrogen and androgen receptors in male reproductive tissues of mice and rats. The Anat Rec 2004;279(2):768-78.
40. Roselli CE, West NB, Brenner RM. Androgen receptor and 5Sc-reductase activity in the ductuli efferentes and epididymis of adult rhesus macaques. Biol Reprod 1991;44:739-45.
41. Levine N, Kelly H. Measurement of pH in the rat epididymis in vivo. J Reprod Fertil 1978;52:333-5.
42. Pelliniemi L, Dym M, Gunsalus GL, Musto NA, Bardin CW, Fawcett DW. Immunocytochemical localization of androgen binding protein in the male reproductive tract. Endocrinology 1981;108(3):925-31.
43. Turner TT. Resorption and secretion in the rat epididymis. J Reprod Fertil 1984;72(2):509-14.
44. Vreeburg JTM, Holland MK, Orgebin-Crist MC. Binding of epididymal proteins to rat spermatozoa in vivo. Biol Reprod 1992;47:588-97.
45. Turner IT, Avery EA, Sawchuk TJ. An assessment of protein synthesis and secretion by rat seminiferous and epididymal tubules in vivo. Int J Androl 1994;17(4):205-13.
46. Voglmayr JK, Sawyer RF, Dacheux JL. Glycoprotein-a variable factor in surface transformation of ram sperm during epididymal transit. Biol Reprod 1985;33(1):165-76.
47. Orgebin-Crist MC, Jahad N. The maturation of rabbit epididymal spermatozoa in organ culture: inhibition by anti-androgens and inhibitors of ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis. Endocrinology 1979; 103(1):46-53.
48. Fournier-Delpech S, Courot M, Dubois MP. Decreased fertility and motility of spermatozoa from rats immunized with prealbumin epididymal specific glycoprotein. J Androl 1985;6:246-50.
49. Brooks DE. Metabolic activity in the epididymis and its regulation by androgens. Physiol Rev 1981; 61(3):515-55.
50. Holland MK, Vreeburg JTM, Orgebin-Crist MC. Testicular regulation of epididymal protein secretion. J Androl 1992;13(3):266-73.

Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development

Year 2011, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 260 - 266, 01.09.2011

Fatih Mehmet Gür Sema Timurkaan

https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı postnatal süreçte kaput epididimisteki androjen reseptör (AR)'ün gelişimsel dağılımını araştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada; rastgele seçilen üçer adet sıçan 21, 56, 90 ve 120 günlük yaşlarda dietil eter ile uyutuldu. Bunu takiben kaput epididimisler, hızlı bir şekilde vücuttan uzaklaştırılarak, Bouin solüsyonunda +4°C de 36 saat süreyle tespit edildi. Bu işlemi müteakip doku örnekleri rutin histolojik prosedürlerden geçirilerek parafine gömüldü. Parafin bloklardan mikrotomda 5μm kalınlığında poly-L-lysin kaplı lamlara alınan doku kesitlerine, immunohistokimyasal boyama öncesinde, antijen maskelenmesi problemini gidermek için, mikrodalga ışınımlı "antijen retrieval" yöntemi uygulandı. İmmunohistokimyasal boyama Avidin-Biotin-Peroksidaz Kompleks (ABC) tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: İncelenen tüm yaş grubu sıçanlarda; pozitif AR immunboyanma, epididimal hücrelerin sadece çekirdeklerinde gözlendi. AR pozitif hücrelerdeki boyanma yoğunluğu yaşa bağlı olarak değişim göstermedi. Kaput epididimiste pozitif AR immunboyanma; tubuler epitel hücreler (esas hücreler, bazal hücreler ve apikal hücreler) ve peritubuler düz kas hücrelerinde görüldü. Epitel hücrelerdeki boyanma yoğunluğu düz kas hücrelerine göre daha belirgindi. Epitel dokuda ise, esas hücrelerdeki boyanma yoğunluğu bazal ve apikal hücrelere göre daha güçlüydü. Sonuç: Epididimal hücrelerdeki AR yoğunluğunun, yaşa bağlı olarak değişmediği bulgusu; androjenin epididimisin postnatal farklılaşması ve epitel dokusunun yapısının korunabilmesi için gerekli olduğunu göstermektedir. Esas hücrelerin boyanma yoğunluğunun daha güçlü olması, bu hücrelerin androjen sitümülasyonuna daha duyarlı olduğu şeklinde yorumlanabilir.

Keywords

Androjen reseptör, immunohistokimya, kaput epididimis, antijen retrieval, sıçan

References

1. Ungefroren H, Ivell R, Ergün S. Region-specific expression of the androgen receptor in the human epididymis. Mol Hum Reprod 1997; 11(3):933-40.
2. Abraham L, Kierszenbaum AL. Histology and Cell Biology. An Introduction to Pathology. In, Spermatogenez. Second ed. 2007:569-94, Philadelphia.
3. Moonjit P, Suwanpugdee A. Histological structure of testes and ductus epididymis of rusa deer (Cervus timorensis). Kasetsart J (Nat Sci) 2007; 41:86- 90.
4. Brooks DE. Influence of androgens on the weights of the male accessory reproductive organs and on the activities of mitochondrial enzymes in the epididymis of the rat. J Endocrinol 1979; 82(2):293-303.
5. Maneenly RB. Epididymal structure an function: a historical and critical review. Act Zoologica1959;40(1): 1-21.
6. Orgebin-Christ MC. Androgens and epididymal function. In, Shalender B, Henry LG, Jeffrey MS, Ronald SS and Christina W (Ed): Pharmacology, Biology and Clinical Applications of Androgens. Second ed. New York: Wiley; 1996:27-34.
7. Robaire B, Hermo H. Efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens: structure, functions, and their regulation. In: Knobil E, Neill JD (eds.), The Physiology of Reproduction. Vol. 1. New York: Raven Press; 1988:1037-55.
8. Amann RP, Hammerstedt RH, Veeramanchaneni DNR The epididymis and sperm maturation-a perspective. Reprod Fertil Dev 1993;5(4):361-81.
9. Brooks DE. Effect of androgens on protein synthesis and secretion in various regions of the rat epididymis, as analyzed by 2 dimensional gel electrophoresis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1983; 29(3):255-70.
10. Holland MK, Orgebin-Crist MC. Characterization and hormonal regulation of protein synthesis by the murine epididymis. Biol Reprod 1988; 38(4):487-96.
11. Carson-Jurica MA, Schrader WT, O’Malley BW. Steroid receptor family: Structure and functions. End Rev 1990; 11(3): 201-20.
12. Turner TT, Jones CE, Howards SS, Ewing LL, Zegeye B, Gunsalus GL. On the androgen microenvironment of maturing spermatozoa in the adult rat. Endocrinol 1984;115(5):1925-32.
13. Bardin CW, Hardy MP, Catterall JF. Androgen. In, Adashi EY, Rock JA, Rosenwaks Z (Ed): Reproductive Endocrinology, Surgery and Technology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia. 1996;505–25.
14. Zho ZX, Wong CI, Sar M, Wilson EM. The androgen receptor. Recent Prog Horm Res 1994;49(3): 249-74.
15. Carreau S, Drosdowsky, MA, Courot M. Androgen-binding protein in sheep epididymis: characterization of a cytoplasmic receptor in the ram epididymis. J Endocrinol 1984;103(3):273-9.
16. Paris F, Weinbauer GF, Blum V, Nieschlag E. The effect ofandrogens and antiandrogens on the immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor in accessory reproductive organs of the male rat. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;48(2):129-37.
17. Takeda H, Chodak G. Mutchnik S, Nakamoto T. Chang C. Immuno histochemical localization of androgen receptors with mono- and polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptor. J Endocrinol 1990;126(1):17-25.
18. Tekpetey FR, Veeramachaneni DN, Amann RP. Localization of androgen receptors in ram epididymal principal cells. J Reprod Fertil 1989;87(3):311-9.
19. Tindall DJ, Hansson V, McLean WS, Ritzen EM, Nayfeh SN, French FS. Androgen-binding proteins in rat epididymis: properties of a cytoplasmic receptor for androgen similar to the androgen receptor in ventral prostate and different from androgen-binding protein (ABP). Mol Cell Endocr 1975;3(2):83-101.
20. Zhou Q, Nie R, Prins G S, Saunders PTK, Katzenellenbogen BS, Hess RA. Localization of androgen and estrogen receptors in adult male mouse reproductive tract. j Androl 2002;23(6):870-81.
21. Crabo B. Studies on the composition of epididymal contents in bulls and boars. Acta Vet Scand 1965; 6(5):1-94. 22. Turner TT. Resorption versus secretion in the rat epididymis. J Reprod Fertil 1984;21(7):883-90.
23. Iwamura M, Abrahamsson PA, Benning CM, Cockett ATK, Di Sant’Agnese PA. Androgen receptor immunostaining and its tissue distribution in formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded sections after microwave treatment. J Histochem Cytochem 1994; 42(6):783-8.
24. Collins PM, Tsang WN. An assessment of the function of the seminiferous tubules and interstitium of the rat testis following ligation of the vasa efferentia. Biol Reprod 1979; 20(7):671-80.
25. Malayer JR, Gorski J. An integrated model of estrogen receptor action. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1993; 10(2):159- 77.
26. Janssen PJ, Brinkmann AO, Boersma WJ, van der Kwast TH. Immunohistochemical detection of the androgen receptor with monoclonal antibody F39.4 in routinely processed, paraffinembedded human tissues after microwave pretreatment. J Histochem Cytochem 1994;42(8):1169-75.
27. Kimura N, Mizokami A, Oonuma T, Sasano H, Nagura H. Immunocytochemical localization of androgen receptor with polyclonal antibody in paraffin-embedded human tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 1993;41(5):671-8.
28. Ruizeveld de Winter JA, Trampan M, Vermey M, Mulder E, Zegers ND, van der Kwast TH. Androgen receptor expression in human tisues: An immunohistochemical study. J Histochem Cytochem 1991; 39(7): 927-36.
29. West NB, Brenner RM. Estrogen receptor in the ductuli efferentes, epididymis and testis of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. Biol Reprod 1990;42(3):533-8.
30. Bremner WJ, Millar MR, Sharpe RM, Saunders PTK. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in the rat testis: evidence for stage-dependent expression and regulation by androgens. Endocrin 1994;135(3):1227-34.
31. Iguchi T, Uesugi Y, Sato T, Ohta Y, Takasugi N. Developmental pattern of estrogen receptor expression in male mouse genital organs. Mol Androl 1991;3:109-19.
32. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Khalil MK, Chiu J, Vig MM. Immunolocalization of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor in the developing testis and excurrent ducts of goats. Anat rec 1997b;249:54-62.
33. Parlevliet JM, Pearl CA, Hess MF, Famula TR, Roser JF. Immunolocalization of estrogen and androgen receptors and steroid concentrations in the stallion epididymis. Theriogenology 2006;66(4):755-65.
34. Carreau S, Drosdowsky MA, Courot M. Androgen-binding proteins in sheep epididymis: age-related effects on androgen-binding protein, cytosolic androgen receptor and testosterone concentrations. Correlations with histological studies. J Endocrin 1984a;103:281-6.
35. Zhu LJ, Hardy MP Inigo IV, Huhtaniemi I, Bardin CW, Moo-Young AJ. Effects of androgen on androgen receptor expression in rat testicular and epididymal cells: a quantitative ımmunohistochemical study. Biol Reprod 2000;63(2):368-76.
36. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Neff CW. Immunolocalization of receptors for androgen and estrogen in male caprine reproductive tissues: Unique distribution of estrogen receptors in efferent ductul epithelium. Biol Reprod 1997a;56:90-101.
37. Goyal HO, Bartol FF, Wiley AA, Khalil MK, Williams CS, Vig MM. Regulation of androgen and estrogen receptors in male excurrent ducts of the goat: an immunohistochemical study. Anat Rec 1998;250: 164-71.
38. Trybek G, Kolasa A, Marchlewicz M, Wenda-Rozewicka L, Wiszniewska B. Immunolocalization of androgen receptor in the epididymis of rats with dihydrotestosterone deficiency. Biol Reprod 2005;5(3): 291-301.
39. Yamashita S. Localization of estrogen and androgen receptors in male reproductive tissues of mice and rats. The Anat Rec 2004;279(2):768-78.
40. Roselli CE, West NB, Brenner RM. Androgen receptor and 5Sc-reductase activity in the ductuli efferentes and epididymis of adult rhesus macaques. Biol Reprod 1991;44:739-45.
41. Levine N, Kelly H. Measurement of pH in the rat epididymis in vivo. J Reprod Fertil 1978;52:333-5.
42. Pelliniemi L, Dym M, Gunsalus GL, Musto NA, Bardin CW, Fawcett DW. Immunocytochemical localization of androgen binding protein in the male reproductive tract. Endocrinology 1981;108(3):925-31.
43. Turner TT. Resorption and secretion in the rat epididymis. J Reprod Fertil 1984;72(2):509-14.
44. Vreeburg JTM, Holland MK, Orgebin-Crist MC. Binding of epididymal proteins to rat spermatozoa in vivo. Biol Reprod 1992;47:588-97.
45. Turner IT, Avery EA, Sawchuk TJ. An assessment of protein synthesis and secretion by rat seminiferous and epididymal tubules in vivo. Int J Androl 1994;17(4):205-13.
46. Voglmayr JK, Sawyer RF, Dacheux JL. Glycoprotein-a variable factor in surface transformation of ram sperm during epididymal transit. Biol Reprod 1985;33(1):165-76.
47. Orgebin-Crist MC, Jahad N. The maturation of rabbit epididymal spermatozoa in organ culture: inhibition by anti-androgens and inhibitors of ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis. Endocrinology 1979; 103(1):46-53.
48. Fournier-Delpech S, Courot M, Dubois MP. Decreased fertility and motility of spermatozoa from rats immunized with prealbumin epididymal specific glycoprotein. J Androl 1985;6:246-50.
49. Brooks DE. Metabolic activity in the epididymis and its regulation by androgens. Physiol Rev 1981; 61(3):515-55.
50. Holland MK, Vreeburg JTM, Orgebin-Crist MC. Testicular regulation of epididymal protein secretion. J Androl 1992;13(3):266-73.

There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Fatih Mehmet Gür This is me Sema Timurkaan This is me
Publication Date	September 1, 2011
Published in Issue	Year 2011 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Gür, F. M., & Timurkaan, S. (2011). Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, 2(3), 260-266. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051
AMA	Gür FM, Timurkaan S. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. J Clin Exp Invest. September 2011;2(3):260-266. doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051
Chicago	Gür, Fatih Mehmet, and Sema Timurkaan. “Immunohistochemical Localization of Androgen Receptor in Rat Caput Epididymis During Postnatal Development”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 2, no. 3 (September 2011): 260-66. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051.
EndNote	Gür FM, Timurkaan S (September 1, 2011) Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 2 3 260–266.
IEEE	F. M. Gür and S. Timurkaan, “Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development”, J Clin Exp Invest, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 260–266, 2011, doi: 10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051.
ISNAD	Gür, Fatih Mehmet - Timurkaan, Sema. “Immunohistochemical Localization of Androgen Receptor in Rat Caput Epididymis During Postnatal Development”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations 2/3 (September 2011), 260-266. https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051.
JAMA	Gür FM, Timurkaan S. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. J Clin Exp Invest. 2011;2:260–266.
MLA	Gür, Fatih Mehmet and Sema Timurkaan. “Immunohistochemical Localization of Androgen Receptor in Rat Caput Epididymis During Postnatal Development”. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations, vol. 2, no. 3, 2011, pp. 260-6, doi:10.5799/ahinjs.01.2011.03.0051.
Vancouver	Gür FM, Timurkaan S. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. J Clin Exp Invest. 2011;2(3):260-6.

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