Adıyaman İlindeki Çocuklarda Astım ve Allerjik Hastalıkların Prevalansı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Adıyaman’da okul çağındaki çocuk ve ergenlerde astım ve alerjik hastalıkların prevalansını ve ilişkili risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Uluslararası Çocukluk Çağı Astım ve Alerji Çalışması (ISAAC) anketi Adıyaman’da yaşayan 6-7 yaş arası 280 çocuğun ebeveynleri ve 13-14 yaş arası 163 adölesanların kendileri tarafından online olarak cevaplandı. Bu online ankete besin alerjisi ve ilaç alerjisi prevelanslarını belirlemeye yönelik ek sorular eklendi. Bulgular: Altı-yedi ve 13-14 yaş gruplarında alerjik hastalık prevalansı sırası ile şu şekilde bulundu: Astım için %23,2 ve %18,4, alerjik rinit için %21,4 ve %18,4, egzama için %11,4 ve %11, besin alerjisi için %10,4 ve %8,6 ve ilaç alerjisi için %8,6 ve %3,7. Altı-yedi yaş grubunda, erkek cinsiyet astım ve alerjik rinit ile; sezaryen doğum ilaç alerjisi ile; daha az kardeş ise atopik egzama ve ilaç alerjisi ile ilişkiliydi. On üç –on dört yaş grubunda evcil hayvan sahibi olmak egzama ile; daha fazla kardeşe sahip olmak besin alerjisi ile ilişkiliydi. Sonuçlar: Adıyaman ilinde alerjik hastalıkların prevalansını gösteren bu ilk çalışmada, bölgede alerjik hastalıkların genel prevalansının yüksek olduğunu gösterdik.

Keywords

• alerjik rinit
• astım
• besin alerjisi
• çocuk
• egzama
• ilaç alerjisi

Prevalence of Asthma and Allergic Diseases Among Children in Adıyaman, Türkiye: a Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of asthma and allergic diseases in school children and adolescents in Adıyaman, Turkey. Material and Methods: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire was completed online by parents of 280 children aged 6–7 years and 163 adolescents aged 13–14 years living in Adıyaman. Additional questions were added to the online survey to determine the prevalence of food and drug allergies. Results: The prevalence of allergic diseases in the 6–7 and 13–14 age groups were as follows: 23.2% and 18.4% for asthma, 21.4% and 18.4% for allergic rhinitis, 11.4% and 11% for eczema, 10.4% and 8.6% for food allergy, and 8.6% and 3.7% for drug allergy. In the 6–7-year age group, male sex was associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis; cesarean delivery with drug allergy; and fewer siblings with atopic eczema and drug allergy. In the 13–14-year age group, having pets and more siblings were associated with eczema and food allergy, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first study that demonstrated the prevalence of allergic diseases in Adıyaman province and showed that the overall prevalence of allergic diseases is high in the region.

Keywords

• asthma
• allergic rhinitis
• children
• drug allergy
• eczema
• food allergy

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