Factor XII Levels in the Newborns of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: A Cohort Study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the activity and antigen levels of Factor XII (FXII) in neonates. Factor XII, a coagulation factor, is known to play a role in thrombosis and inflammation, and its levels can be influenced by various health conditions, including GDM. Materials and Methods: We analyzed umbilical cord blood samples from neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and from mothers without GDM as a control group. The infants in the GDM group were born to mothers diagnosed with GDM using the Carpenter-Coustan criteria, whereas the control group included infants born to mothers without GDM or any other pregnancy complications. The samples were examined for levels and activity of the FXII antigen. Results: The FXII activity in the GDM group was slightly higher (45.52 ± 18.19%) compared with the control group (43.46 ± 14.63%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.534). In contrast, FXII antigen levels were higher in the control group (70.19 ± 48.73 ng/mL) than in the GDM group (64.44 ± 51.87 ng/mL), but this difference was also not statistically significant (p = 0.166). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between FXII activity and gestational age in the GDM group (r = 0.509, p = 0.005). Conclusion: While no significant differences were found in FXII levels between the two groups, the significant correlation between FXII activity and gestational age in the GDM group suggests a potential role of FXII in thrombosis and inflammation in infants born to mothers with GDM. These findings could inspire future research in this area, potentially leading to the development of new strategies for managing neonatal health in the context of GDM.

Keywords

• Factor XII
• newborn
• coagulation
• inflammation
• gestational diabetes mellitus

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