Yeni Antibiyotikler

Year 2015, , 99 - 103, 01.07.2015

Manolya Acar Ayper Somer Nuran Salman

https://doi.org/10.5222/j.child.2015.099

Abstract

Son yıllarda dirençli mikroorganizmalara bağlı enfeksiyon sıklığında artış gözlenmesine rağmen, yeni antibiyotik geli- şimi ile ilgili çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu makalede, özellikle dirençli hastane enfeksiyonlarında önemini koru- yan linezolid ve tigesiklin ile ülkemizde henüz kullanıma girmemiş olan seftarolinin farmakolojik özellikleri ve klinik endikasyonları derlenmiştir. Linezolid, oksazolidinon sınıfı antibiyotiklerin ilki olan bakteriyel protein sentez inhibitö- rü bir ajandır. Erişkin ve çocukta VRE, MRSA ve dirençli pnömokok suşları dahil, gram-pozitif bakterilere bağlı dirençli enfeksiyonların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Tigesiklin, minosiklin gibi bakteriyel 30S ribozomuna bağ- lanarak etkili olur. Pseudomonas aeruginosa dışında, dirençli gram-pozitif, gram-negatif ve anaerobları kapsa- yan oldukça geniş bir spektrumu vardır. Erişkinlerde, komplike deri ve yumuşak doku enfeksiyonları ile komplike intra-abdominal enfeksiyonların tedavisinde klinik kulla- nım onayı almıştır. Seftarolin, beşinci kuşak sefalosporin grubunun üyesi olan yeni bir antimikrobiyal ajandır. Metisilin ve vankomisin dirençli Staphylococcus aureus dahil dirençli gram-pozitif mikroorganizmalara etkinliği yüksektir

Keywords

Linezolid, tigesiklin, seftarolin

New Antibiotics

Abstract

Despite the increase of resistant microorganism-related infections in recent years, ongoing studies for the deve- lopment of new antibiotics have been very limited. This article reviews the pharmacological properties and the clinical use of linezolid and tigecycline which are impor- tant choices for resistant nosocomial infections, in additi- on to ceftaroline, a newer drug that has not yet been in clinical use in our country. Linezolid, is the first drug of oxazolidinone class of antibiotics which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. It has clinical indication for resistant gram-positive infections, including VRE, MRSA and resis- tant pnemococci, both in children and adults. Tigecycline binds bacterial ribosomal 30 S subunit like minocycline. It has a broad activity spectrum including resistant gram- positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has clinical use for resistant complicated skin soft tissue and intra-abdominal infections for adults. Ceftaroline, is the newest member of 5th generation cephalosporins. It has antimicrobial acti- vity against resistant gram-positive microorganisms inc- luding methicilline- and vancomycine- resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Keywords

Linezolid, tigecycline, ceftaroline

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