The Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on Adolescent Health

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 171 - 178, 30.06.2023

Özlem Ketenci Altıkardeşler , Firdevs Baş

https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.950386

Abstract

Endocrine disrupting chemicals are found in many products such as soaps, shampoos, perfumes, kitchenware, textile materials, plastic bottles and containers, toys, and even foods and drinking water. These chemicals can enter the body through digestion, skin absorption, inhalation, and breast milk, as well as transplacentally. Although restrictions have been placed on the use of some chemicals, exposure continues due to the reintroduction of similar chemicals and the ability of certain chemicals to remain in the environment or in food chains for a long time. Endocrine disruptors can even cause intergenerational effects, and studies have shown them to have negative effects on many bodily systems. Hormonerelated cancers such as of the breast and prostate, as well as diabetes, obesity, precocious puberty, hormone level changes, being prone to infections, autoimmune diseases, asthma, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and learning difficulties, are some of the negative health consequences they cause. Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of certain endocrine disorders and cancers, and their increase over the years has drawn attention to how exposure to endocrine disruptors contributes to this situation. This review article examines the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals such as phytoestrogens, bisphenol A, phthalates, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on adolescent health in light of current studies. Taking precautions regarding exposure levels will help reduce the negative effects these chemicals have on adolescent health.

Keywords

Endocrine Disruptors, Adolescent Health, Hormones, Exposure

Endokrin Bozucuların Ergen Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Endokrin bozucu kimyasallar günlük yaşamda kullanılan sabun,şampuan, parfüm gibi kişisel bakım ürünleri, mutfak gereçleri, tekstil malzemeleri, plastik şişe ve kaplar, oyuncaklar gibi birçok üründe, hatta gıdalar ve içme sularında yer almaktadır. Bu kimyasalların vücuda girişi sindirim, ciltten emilim, inhalasyon, anne sütü ve transplasental yolla olabilmektedir. Her ne kadar bazı kimyasalların kullanımına kısıtlama getirilmiş olsa da benzer kimyasalların yeniden piyasaya sürülmesi, bazı kimyasalların ise çevrede veya besin zincirlerinde uzun süre kalma yetenekleri dolayısıyla maruziyet devam etmektedir. Kuşaklar arası etkilere dahi sebep olan endokrin bozucuların vücutta birçok sistem üzerinde olumsuz etkilerinin olduğu yapılan çalışmalarda gösterilmiştir. Meme, prostat gibi hormon ilişkili kanserler, diyabet, obezite, erken puberte, hormon düzey değişiklikleri, infeksiyonlara eğilim, otoimmun hastalıklar, astım, dikkat eksikliği-hiperaktivite bozukluğu ve öğrenme güçlüğü yol açtığı olumsuz sağlık sonuçlarından bazılarıdır. Gelişiminde genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin birlikte rol aldığı bazı endokrin hastalıklar ve kanserlerde yıllar içerisinde görülen artış, endokrin bozuculara maruziyetin bu duruma katkısı olduğuna dikkat çekmektedir. Bu derlemede fitoöstrojenler, bisfenol A, fitalatlar, perflor gruplu kimyasallar (PFAS) , dioksinler ve poliklorlu bifeniller (PCB) gibi endokrin bozucu kimyasalların ergen sağlığı üzerinde oluşturacağı etkiler güncel çalışmalar eşliğinde incelenmiştir. Temasa yönelik önlemlerin alınması söz konusu kimyasalların ergen sağlığı üzerinde oluşturacağı olumsuz etkileri azaltacaktır.

Keywords

Endokrin Bozucular, Ergen Sağlığı, Hormonlar, Maruziyet

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