COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelerin Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 74 - 84, 31.08.2023

Ece Uysal Kasap , Seyhan Çerçi , Sümeyye Nur Kopuz Nergis Özdal Mehmet İkbal Balkan Tülay Agit Akdoğan

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, COVİD-19 pandemi sürecinde aktif hizmet veren hemşirelerin tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemek amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırmanın evrenini, İstanbul'da bir şehir hastanesinde görev yapan hemşireler (N:736), örneklemini ise araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 198 hemşire oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ile toplandı, frekans, ortalama, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, tek yönlü ANOVA ve post-hoc testler ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 62,33±12,23, alt boyutlarından duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı ortalamaları sırasıyla 29,49±7,63; 13,02±3,98; 19,82±4,19 olarak belirlendi. Erkek hemşireler ile kıyaslandığında kadınların duygusal tükenme düzeyleri anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (t=2,125; p=,035). Pandemi kliniklerde çalışan hemşireler ile kıyaslandığında diğer kliniklerde çalışan hemşirelerin kişisel başarı düzeyleri anlamlı olarak yüksekti (t=2,147; p=,033). COVİD-19 tanılı hasta ile temas eden hemşirelerin duygusal tükenme düzeyleri de temas etmeyenlere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (t=2,040; p=,043).
Uygulamada Kullanım: Hemşirelerin tükenmişlik düzeyleri duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı alt boyutlarında yüksek bulundu, cinsiyet, klinik ve enfekte hastayla temas durumuna göre ölçek puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edildi. Artan iş yükü, belirsizliğin hakim oluşu, meslektaşların kaybı, aileden uzak yaşam gibi hususlar yüzünden hemşirelerin tükenmişlik düzeyi yüksektir. Salgının ön saflarında mücadele eden sağlık sisteminin bel kemiği olan hemşirelerin desteklenmesi gerektiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Hemşire, Maslach, Tükenmişlik

Evaluation of Nurses Burnout Level During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Öz

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the burnout levels of nurses who provide active service during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: The universe of this descriptive study consisted of nurses (N:736) working in a city hospital in Istanbul, and the sample consisted of 198 nurses who agreed to participate in the study. Research data were collected with Personal Information Form and Maslach Burnout Scale, and evaluated with frequency, mean, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests.
Results: Nurses' Maslach Burnout Scale mean total score was 62.33±12.23, sub-dimensions emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement mean 29.49±7.63, respectively; 13.02±3.98; It was determined as 19.82±4.19. Emotional exhaustion levels of women were found to be significantly higher when compared to male nurses (t=2.125; p=.035). When compared to nurses working in pandemic clinics, nurses working in other clinics had significantly higher personal achievement levels (t=2.147; p=.033). Emotional exhaustion levels of nurses who came into contact with patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were also significantly higher than those who did not (t=2.040; p=.043).
Usage in Practice: Nurses' burnout levels were found to be high in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement sub-dimensions, and significant differences were found between the scale mean scores according to gender, clinic and contact status with the infected patient. The burnout level of nurses is high due to issues such as increased workload, uncertainty, loss of colleagues, and life away from family. It can be said that nurses, who are the backbone of the health system struggling at the forefront of the epidemic, should be supported.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVİD-19, Nursing, Maslach, Burnout.

Kaynakça

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