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Technological Development and SMEs: A General Literature Review and Modeling the Process of Adaptation to Technological Development with Evolutionary Game Theory

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 17 - 47
https://doi.org/10.58654/jebi.1401459

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the advantages of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in adopting technological developments, which are one of the important determinants of the globalization era. We are also going to examine the main obstacles and difficulties in the adoption of technological developments. Today, the world is working to develop new economic models that include less poverty, more employment and sustainable production. SMEs are of great importance in achieving these goals. However, although SMEs are a vital component in increasing the economic growth rates of countries, they have problems reaching their full potential if they cannot benefit from technological development sufficiently. This situation appears as one of the obstacles to countries reaching their potential growth levels. Therefore, the obstacles that prevent SMEs from keeping up with technological change and development should be identified and eliminated accurately. In the first part of the study, the importance and history of technological development will be discussed, in the second part, a literature review on the effects of technological development on SMEs will be conducted, and in the last part, the adoption process of new technology will be modeled using evolutionary game theory tools. Evolutionary game theory differs from classical game theory by questioning the existence of rational decision makers, incorporating people's special histories, emotionality, stubbornness, altruism, conformism and other emotions into modeling. With replicator dynamics, it allows the creation of realistic models.

References

  • Ahmedova, S. (2015), Factors for Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Bulgaria, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci.,195, 1104–1112.
  • Akin, E. (1980), Domination or equilibrium, Mathematical Biosciences, 50, 239–250.
  • Ansal, H. (2004), Geçmiş ve Gelecekte Ekonomik Gelişmede Teknolojinin Rolü, Türk Mühendis ve Mimarlar Odaları Birliği 50. Yıl Yayını. Ankara: Kozan Ofset Baskı. ISBN: 975-395-766-1,35-58.
  • Aruwa, S. A. (2004), Financing options for small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Accounting Research, 1(2), 50- 99.
  • Atalay, M., Anafarta, N., ve Sarvan, F. (2013), The Relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence from the Turkish Automotive Supplier Industry, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 75, 226–235.
  • Baskıcı, M. (1998), Evcilleştirme Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 53(1), 73-94.
  • Bayarçelik, E.B., Taşel, F., ve Apak, S. (2014), Research on Determining Innovation Factors for SMEs, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 150, 202–211.
  • Bilancini, E., Boncinelli, L., ve Wu, J. (2018), The interplay of cultural intolerance and action-assortativity for the emergence of cooperation and homophily, Eur. Econ. Rev.,102, 1–18.
  • Bonito, A., ve Pais, C. (2018), The Macroeconomic Determinants of the Adoption of IFRS for SMEs, Span. Account. Rev., 21, 116–127.
  • Bowles, S. (2006), Microeconomics: Behavior, institutions, and evolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Chen, J. (2006), Development of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 13(2), 140-147.
  • Childe, G. (1995), Tarihte Neler Oldu? (Çevirenler: Mete Tunçay ve Alaeddin Şenel), 6. Baskı, İstanbul: Alan Yayıncılık.
  • Çalışkan, H.K. (2015), Technological Change and Economic Growth, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 649-654. Daude, C., ve Fernandez, E. (2010), On the Role of Productivity and Factor Accumulation in Economic Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Working Paper 41. Demir, İ. (1973), 330. Doğum Yıldönümünde Bir Isaac Newton ve Bilime Getirdiği, Bilim ve Teknik, 64, 19-22.
  • Doğruyol, A. (2021), Tarım Devrimi ve Zaman Ölçümü, Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 10(1), 103-114.
  • Drew, S. (2003), Strategic Uses of E-Commerce by SMEs in the East of England, European Management Journal, 21(1), 79-88.
  • Ege, B. (2014), 4. Endüstri Devrimi Kapıda Mı? Bilim ve Teknik, 27-29.
  • European Comission. (2020), Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, 14 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/smes/sme-definition_en adresinden alındı.
  • Fan, K., ve Hui, E.C. (2020), Evolutionary Game Theory Analysis for understanding the decision making mechanism of governments and developers on green building incentives, Building and Environment,179,4.
  • Gilboa, I., ve Akihiko M. (1991), Social stability and equilibrium, Econometrica, 59, 859–867.
  • Gou, Z., ve Yansong D. (2021), Dynamic Model of Collaboration in Multi-Agent System Based on Evolutionary Game Theory, Games,12,75.
  • Gökalp, F., Ada, E., ve Demirhan, D. (2006), Gelişen Bilgi Teknolojilerinin KOBİ’lere Etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2), 117-136.
  • Günay, D. (2002), Sanayi ve Sanayi Tarihi, Mimar ve Mühendis Dergisi,31,8-14.
  • Hamilton, W. (1964), The genetical evolution of social behaviour, J. Theor. Biol., 7, 1–16.
  • Harvard Üniversitesi. (2006), Tamed 11,400 Years Ago, Figs Were Likely First Domesticated Crop. 18 Kasım 2023 www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060602074522.htm adresinden alındı.
  • Hau, S. (2016), An empirical analysis of the influence of external knowledge network on SMEs’ new technology development and technology commercialization capabilities in the perspective of open innovation, Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(5), 149-156.
  • Herliana, S. (2015), Regional Innovation Cluster for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME): A Triple Helix Concept, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 169, 151–160.
  • Ifrah, G. (1999), Çakıl Taşlarından Babil Kulesine- Rakamların Evrensel Tarihi 2: , TÜBİTAK Yayınları.
  • Jalawa, J., Pohjola, M., Ripatti, A., ve Vilmunen, J. (2005), Biased Technical Change and Capital-Labour Substitution in Finland, 1902-2003, Helsinki Center of Economic Reserach Discussion Paper, 56.
  • Justman, M., ve Teubal M. (1991), A Structuralist Perspective on the Role of Technology in Economic Growth and Development, World Development, 19(9),1167-1183.
  • Kaygın, E., Zengin, Y., ve Topçuoğlu, E. (2019), Endüstri 4.0’a Akademik Bakış, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(4), 1065-1081.
  • Liddell, H. G., ve Robert Scott (1980), A Greek-English Lexicon (Kısaltılmış Sürüm). Birleşik Krallık: Oxford University Press. Liu, X. (2008), SME Development in China: A Policy Perspective on SME Industrial Clustering, Lim, H. (ed.) içinde, SME in Asia and Globalization, ERIA Research Project Report 2007-5, 37-68. Mielke, J., ve Steudle, G. (2018), Green Investment and Coordination Failure: An Investors' Perspective, Ecological Economics, 150, 88-95. Naidu, S., Hwang, S., ve Bowles, S. (2010), Evolutionary bargaining with intentional idiosyncratic play, Econ. Lett, 109, 31–33.
  • Newton, J. (2012), Coalitional stochastic stability, Games and Economic Behavior,75,842-854. Pipitone, V. (2009), The Role of Total Factor Productivity in the Mediterranean Countries, IJEMS, 2 (1), 27-51. Prasanna, R., Jayasundra, J., Gamage, S., Ekanayake, E., Rajapakshe, P., ve Abeyrathne, G. (2019), Sustainability of SMEs in the Competition: A Systemic Review on Technological Challenges and SME Performance, Journal of Open Innovation, 5(4), 100-118.
  • Roca, C., Sergi, L., Alex, A., ve Angel, S. (2010), Topological Traps Control Flow on Real Networks: The Case of Coordination Failures, PLoS ONE, 5,1-9.
  • Romer, P.M. (1986), Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth, Journal of Political Economics, 94, 1002–1037.
  • Santos, F., Sara, E., Francisco S., Juval, P., ve Jorge P. (2016), An Evolutionary Game Theoretic Approach to Multi-Sector Coordination and Self-Organization, Entropy, 18(4),1-15.
  • Samuelson, L., ve Jianbo, Z. (1992), Evolutionary stability in asymmetric games, Journal of Economic Theory, 57, 363–391.
  • Shahadat, M. M. H., Nekmahmud, Md., Ebrahimi, P., ve Fekete-Farkas, M. (2023), Digital Technology Adoption in SMEs: What Technological, Environmental and Organizational Factors Influence in Emerging Countries?, Global Business Review, 1-27.
  • Shaikh, A., Kumar, A., Syed, A., ve Shaikh, M. Z. (2021), A Two-Decade Literature Review on Challenges Faced by SMEs in Technology Adoption, Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 25(3), 1-13.
  • Straub, P. (1995), Risk Dominance and Coordination Failures in Static Games, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 35(4), 339-363
  • Şenel, A. (1985), İlkel Topluluktan Uygar Topluma: Geçiş Aşamasında Ekonomik Toplumsal Düşünsel Yapıların Etkileşimi. Ankara: Birey ve Toplum Yayınları.
  • T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı. (2023), KOBİ Tanımı Güncellendi, 14 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/medya/haber/kobi-tanimi-guncellendi adresinden alındı.
  • Türkoğlu, M., ve Çelikkaya, S. (2011), Türkiye’de KOBİ’lere Yönelik AR-GE Destekleri., Akdeniz Üniversitesi Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 56-71.
  • Young, P. (1998), Conventional contracts, The Review of Economic Studies,65(5),773-792.
  • Windrum, P., ve Berranger, P. (2002). The adoption of e-business technology by SMEs, 28 Kasım 2023 tarihinde http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:1124/rm2002-023.pdf adresinden alındı.

Teknolojik Gelişim ve KOBİ’ler: Genel Bir Literatür İncelemesi ve Teknolojik Gelişime Uyum Sağlama Sürecinin Evrimsel Oyun Teorisi ile Modellenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 17 - 47
https://doi.org/10.58654/jebi.1401459

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin (KOBİ) küreselleşme çağının önemli belirleyicilerinden olan teknolojik gelişmeleri benimsemelerinin avantajlarını ve teknolojik gelişmelerin benimsenme süreçlerinin önündeki temel engel ve zorlukları incelemektir. Günümüzde dünya daha az yoksulluk, daha fazla istihdam ve sürdürülebilir üretimi içeren yeni ekonomik modeller geliştirmek konusunda çalışmaktadır. Bu hedeflere ulaşmada KOBİ’lerin önemi büyüktür. Ne var ki KOBİ’ler ülkelerin ekonomik büyüme hızlarının artmasında hayati bir bileşen olmalarına rağmen, teknolojik gelişimden yeterince faydalanamadıkları durumda tam potansiyellerine ulaşmakta sorun yaşamaktadır. Bu durum, ülkelerin de potansiyel büyüme seviyelerine ulaşmalarının önündeki engellerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla KOBİ’lerin teknolojik değişim ve gelişime ayak uydurmasının önündeki engeller tespit edilmeli ve giderilmelidir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde teknolojik gelişimin önemi ve tarihi tartışılacak, ikinci bölümde teknolojik gelişimin KOBİ’lere etkileri üzerine bir literatür taraması sunulacak ve son bölümde evrimsel oyun teorisi araçları kullanılarak yeni teknolojinin benimsenme süreci modellenecektir. Evrimsel oyun teorisi, rasyonel karar vericilerin varlığını sorgulaması, insanların özel tarihleri, duygusallığı, inatçılığı, altruizmi, konformizmi ve diğer duyguları modellemeye dahil edebilmesi ve replikatör dinamikleri ile klasik oyun teorisinden farklılaşarak gerçeğe uygun modellerin oluşturulmasını sağlamaktadır.

References

  • Ahmedova, S. (2015), Factors for Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Bulgaria, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci.,195, 1104–1112.
  • Akin, E. (1980), Domination or equilibrium, Mathematical Biosciences, 50, 239–250.
  • Ansal, H. (2004), Geçmiş ve Gelecekte Ekonomik Gelişmede Teknolojinin Rolü, Türk Mühendis ve Mimarlar Odaları Birliği 50. Yıl Yayını. Ankara: Kozan Ofset Baskı. ISBN: 975-395-766-1,35-58.
  • Aruwa, S. A. (2004), Financing options for small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Accounting Research, 1(2), 50- 99.
  • Atalay, M., Anafarta, N., ve Sarvan, F. (2013), The Relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence from the Turkish Automotive Supplier Industry, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 75, 226–235.
  • Baskıcı, M. (1998), Evcilleştirme Tarihine Kısa Bir Bakış, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 53(1), 73-94.
  • Bayarçelik, E.B., Taşel, F., ve Apak, S. (2014), Research on Determining Innovation Factors for SMEs, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 150, 202–211.
  • Bilancini, E., Boncinelli, L., ve Wu, J. (2018), The interplay of cultural intolerance and action-assortativity for the emergence of cooperation and homophily, Eur. Econ. Rev.,102, 1–18.
  • Bonito, A., ve Pais, C. (2018), The Macroeconomic Determinants of the Adoption of IFRS for SMEs, Span. Account. Rev., 21, 116–127.
  • Bowles, S. (2006), Microeconomics: Behavior, institutions, and evolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Chen, J. (2006), Development of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 13(2), 140-147.
  • Childe, G. (1995), Tarihte Neler Oldu? (Çevirenler: Mete Tunçay ve Alaeddin Şenel), 6. Baskı, İstanbul: Alan Yayıncılık.
  • Çalışkan, H.K. (2015), Technological Change and Economic Growth, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 649-654. Daude, C., ve Fernandez, E. (2010), On the Role of Productivity and Factor Accumulation in Economic Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Working Paper 41. Demir, İ. (1973), 330. Doğum Yıldönümünde Bir Isaac Newton ve Bilime Getirdiği, Bilim ve Teknik, 64, 19-22.
  • Doğruyol, A. (2021), Tarım Devrimi ve Zaman Ölçümü, Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 10(1), 103-114.
  • Drew, S. (2003), Strategic Uses of E-Commerce by SMEs in the East of England, European Management Journal, 21(1), 79-88.
  • Ege, B. (2014), 4. Endüstri Devrimi Kapıda Mı? Bilim ve Teknik, 27-29.
  • European Comission. (2020), Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, 14 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/smes/sme-definition_en adresinden alındı.
  • Fan, K., ve Hui, E.C. (2020), Evolutionary Game Theory Analysis for understanding the decision making mechanism of governments and developers on green building incentives, Building and Environment,179,4.
  • Gilboa, I., ve Akihiko M. (1991), Social stability and equilibrium, Econometrica, 59, 859–867.
  • Gou, Z., ve Yansong D. (2021), Dynamic Model of Collaboration in Multi-Agent System Based on Evolutionary Game Theory, Games,12,75.
  • Gökalp, F., Ada, E., ve Demirhan, D. (2006), Gelişen Bilgi Teknolojilerinin KOBİ’lere Etkisi, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2), 117-136.
  • Günay, D. (2002), Sanayi ve Sanayi Tarihi, Mimar ve Mühendis Dergisi,31,8-14.
  • Hamilton, W. (1964), The genetical evolution of social behaviour, J. Theor. Biol., 7, 1–16.
  • Harvard Üniversitesi. (2006), Tamed 11,400 Years Ago, Figs Were Likely First Domesticated Crop. 18 Kasım 2023 www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060602074522.htm adresinden alındı.
  • Hau, S. (2016), An empirical analysis of the influence of external knowledge network on SMEs’ new technology development and technology commercialization capabilities in the perspective of open innovation, Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(5), 149-156.
  • Herliana, S. (2015), Regional Innovation Cluster for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME): A Triple Helix Concept, Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 169, 151–160.
  • Ifrah, G. (1999), Çakıl Taşlarından Babil Kulesine- Rakamların Evrensel Tarihi 2: , TÜBİTAK Yayınları.
  • Jalawa, J., Pohjola, M., Ripatti, A., ve Vilmunen, J. (2005), Biased Technical Change and Capital-Labour Substitution in Finland, 1902-2003, Helsinki Center of Economic Reserach Discussion Paper, 56.
  • Justman, M., ve Teubal M. (1991), A Structuralist Perspective on the Role of Technology in Economic Growth and Development, World Development, 19(9),1167-1183.
  • Kaygın, E., Zengin, Y., ve Topçuoğlu, E. (2019), Endüstri 4.0’a Akademik Bakış, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(4), 1065-1081.
  • Liddell, H. G., ve Robert Scott (1980), A Greek-English Lexicon (Kısaltılmış Sürüm). Birleşik Krallık: Oxford University Press. Liu, X. (2008), SME Development in China: A Policy Perspective on SME Industrial Clustering, Lim, H. (ed.) içinde, SME in Asia and Globalization, ERIA Research Project Report 2007-5, 37-68. Mielke, J., ve Steudle, G. (2018), Green Investment and Coordination Failure: An Investors' Perspective, Ecological Economics, 150, 88-95. Naidu, S., Hwang, S., ve Bowles, S. (2010), Evolutionary bargaining with intentional idiosyncratic play, Econ. Lett, 109, 31–33.
  • Newton, J. (2012), Coalitional stochastic stability, Games and Economic Behavior,75,842-854. Pipitone, V. (2009), The Role of Total Factor Productivity in the Mediterranean Countries, IJEMS, 2 (1), 27-51. Prasanna, R., Jayasundra, J., Gamage, S., Ekanayake, E., Rajapakshe, P., ve Abeyrathne, G. (2019), Sustainability of SMEs in the Competition: A Systemic Review on Technological Challenges and SME Performance, Journal of Open Innovation, 5(4), 100-118.
  • Roca, C., Sergi, L., Alex, A., ve Angel, S. (2010), Topological Traps Control Flow on Real Networks: The Case of Coordination Failures, PLoS ONE, 5,1-9.
  • Romer, P.M. (1986), Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth, Journal of Political Economics, 94, 1002–1037.
  • Santos, F., Sara, E., Francisco S., Juval, P., ve Jorge P. (2016), An Evolutionary Game Theoretic Approach to Multi-Sector Coordination and Self-Organization, Entropy, 18(4),1-15.
  • Samuelson, L., ve Jianbo, Z. (1992), Evolutionary stability in asymmetric games, Journal of Economic Theory, 57, 363–391.
  • Shahadat, M. M. H., Nekmahmud, Md., Ebrahimi, P., ve Fekete-Farkas, M. (2023), Digital Technology Adoption in SMEs: What Technological, Environmental and Organizational Factors Influence in Emerging Countries?, Global Business Review, 1-27.
  • Shaikh, A., Kumar, A., Syed, A., ve Shaikh, M. Z. (2021), A Two-Decade Literature Review on Challenges Faced by SMEs in Technology Adoption, Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 25(3), 1-13.
  • Straub, P. (1995), Risk Dominance and Coordination Failures in Static Games, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 35(4), 339-363
  • Şenel, A. (1985), İlkel Topluluktan Uygar Topluma: Geçiş Aşamasında Ekonomik Toplumsal Düşünsel Yapıların Etkileşimi. Ankara: Birey ve Toplum Yayınları.
  • T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı. (2023), KOBİ Tanımı Güncellendi, 14 Mayıs 2024 tarihinde https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/medya/haber/kobi-tanimi-guncellendi adresinden alındı.
  • Türkoğlu, M., ve Çelikkaya, S. (2011), Türkiye’de KOBİ’lere Yönelik AR-GE Destekleri., Akdeniz Üniversitesi Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 56-71.
  • Young, P. (1998), Conventional contracts, The Review of Economic Studies,65(5),773-792.
  • Windrum, P., ve Berranger, P. (2002). The adoption of e-business technology by SMEs, 28 Kasım 2023 tarihinde http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:1124/rm2002-023.pdf adresinden alındı.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Small Business Organisation and Management
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Aras Yolusever 0000-0001-9810-2571

Early Pub Date July 16, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date December 7, 2023
Acceptance Date May 29, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yolusever, A. (n.d.). Teknolojik Gelişim ve KOBİ’ler: Genel Bir Literatür İncelemesi ve Teknolojik Gelişime Uyum Sağlama Sürecinin Evrimsel Oyun Teorisi ile Modellenmesi. İktisat İşletme Ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 3(1), 17-47. https://doi.org/10.58654/jebi.1401459