Uzun Ömürlülük ve Yaşlanan Nüfusların Ekonomisi

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 146 - 176, 28.07.2025

Aras Yolusever

https://doi.org/10.58654/jebi.1627286

Abstract

Yaşlanan nüfus ve insan yaşam süresinin artması önemli sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Bu makale, demografik değişimlerin iktisadi etkilerini, özellikle mali sürdürülebilirlik ve işgücü piyasaları üzerinden analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın birincil amacı, yaşlanan dünya nüfusunun sebep olduğu problemleri incelemek ve aynı zamanda bu yeni düzenin fırsatlarını vurgulamaktır. Çalışma, mevcut literatürü ve vaka çalışmalarını detaylı şekilde incelemekte, artan dünya nüfusunun emeklilik sistemlerini nasıl zorladığını, sağlık hizmetlerindeki maliyet artışlarını ve üretkenlikteki düşüşü tartışmaktadır. Çalışma aynı zamanda Japonya ve Norveç, Finlandiya gibi ülkelerden önemli vaka analizlerini kullanarak teknolojiyi sosyal sistemleri yeniden düzenleyen ve kuşaklar arası eşitliği teşvik eden entegre politikaların önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

: İktisadi Uzun Ömür , Yaşlanan Nüfus , İktisadi Politikalar

Economics of Longevity and Aging Populations

Abstract

The global phenomenon of aging populations and increasing longevity presents significant economic, social, and policy challenges. This article explores the economic implications of these demographic trends, particularly their impact on fiscal sustainability, labor markets, healthcare systems, and intergenerational equity. The main aim is to critically evaluate the challenges posed by aging populations while highlighting opportunities for innovation and adaptation. By reviewing existing literature and case studies, the article illustrates how rising old-age dependency ratios strain pension systems, increase healthcare costs due to chronic diseases, and contribute to productivity declines from a shrinking workforce. At the same time, it examines the opportunities presented by the growth of the "silver economy," technological advancements in elder care, and policies that encourage lifelong learning and extended workforce participation. The article emphasizes the importance of integrated policy responses that leverage technology, reform social systems, and promote intergenerational equity by using examples from countries like Japan and the Nordic nations. By addressing these issues, this article aims to contribute to the broader discourse on sustainable strategies for managing aging populations and ensuring economic resilience in the face of demographic shifts.

Keywords

Economic Longevity , Aging Populations , Economic Policies

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