Research Article

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Volume: 3 Number: 3 September 30, 2016
EN

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Abstract

The Turkish tourism sector is among the first places in international markets in terms of number of visiting tourists. But the same situation is not valid in terms of tourism revenue. At this point, tourism promotion becomes important for the Turkish economy. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism arranges promotional activities in different regions of the world to increase the number of tourists and revenue of tourism sector. But it is possible to interpret that tourism demand is not sufficient compare to potential of the country because of absence of effective and planned promotion policy. The aim of this study is to test interaction between tourism promotion expenditures, tourism revenue and number of tourists by employing recently developed Vector Autoregressive based Toda–Yamamoto and conventional Granger causality methods. In the study, annual data belonging to period between years 1990 and 2012 is used. Results of the empirical analyses give evidences about the relation between tourism promotion expenditures, tourism revenue and number of tourists. Findings obtained from both conventional Granger and Toda – Yamamoto causality tests imply that there is a causation linkage running from tourism promotion expenditures to number of tourists visiting Turkey. Results also indicate that there is no causal relationship between tourism promotion expenditures and tourism revenue.


Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Gunay Ozcan Ozcan This is me

Publication Date

September 30, 2016

Submission Date

November 8, 2017

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2016 Volume: 3 Number: 3

APA
Ozcan, C. C., & Ozcan, G. O. (2016). EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting, 3(3), 201-208. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988
AMA
1.Ozcan CC, Ozcan GO. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY. JEFA. 2016;3(3):201-208. doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988
Chicago
Ozcan, Ceyhun Can, and Gunay Ozcan Ozcan. 2016. “EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting 3 (3): 201-8. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988.
EndNote
Ozcan CC, Ozcan GO (September 1, 2016) EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting 3 3 201–208.
IEEE
[1]C. C. Ozcan and G. O. Ozcan, “EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY”, JEFA, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 201–208, Sept. 2016, doi: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988.
ISNAD
Ozcan, Ceyhun Can - Ozcan, Gunay Ozcan. “EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting 3/3 (September 1, 2016): 201-208. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988.
JAMA
1.Ozcan CC, Ozcan GO. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY. JEFA. 2016;3:201–208.
MLA
Ozcan, Ceyhun Can, and Gunay Ozcan Ozcan. “EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting, vol. 3, no. 3, Sept. 2016, pp. 201-8, doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988.
Vancouver
1.Ceyhun Can Ozcan, Gunay Ozcan Ozcan. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PROMOTION EXPENDITURES AND TOURISM: THE CASE OF TURKEY. JEFA. 2016 Sep. 1;3(3):201-8. doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321988

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