YOKSULLUĞUN AZALTILMASINDA İŞÇİ DÖVİZLERİNİN ROLÜ: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELER ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ

Abstract

Amaç - Bu çalışmanın amacı, Dünya Bankası verilerine göre 2019 yılında en fazla göçmen gönderisi alan 10 gelişmekte olan ülkede göçmen gönderilerinin yoksulluk üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem - Değişkenlere ait verilerin kesikli olması ve gözlem sayısının düşüklüğü nedeniyle statik panel yöntemlerinden havuzlanmış EKK, sabit etkiler ve rassal etkiler modeli ile tahmin yapılmıştır.
Bulgular- Çalışmadan elde edilen ampirik bulgulara göre, göçmen gönderileri tüm yoksulluk endeksleri üzerinde negatif yönlü ve anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Ayrıca uzun dönemde kişi başı gelir düzeyinde artış yoksulluğu azaltıcı etkilere sahipken enflasyon oranlarındaki yükseliş, yoksulluğu derinleştirmektedir.
Sonuç- Küresel göç hareketlerinin artmasıyla birlikte ülkelerin sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasında işçi dövizlerinin önemi artmaktadır. Bu nedenle, işçi dövizi alan ülkelerin, bu döviz kaynağını doğru bir şekilde yönetmek için politikalar geliştirmeleri önemlidir.

Keywords

• Uluslararası göç
• işçi dövizleri
• yoksulluk
• gelişmekte olan ülkeler
• havuzlanmış EKK

THE ROLE OF REMITTANCES ON POVERTY REDUCTION: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Abstract

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the impact of remittances on poverty in the largest remittance-receiving 10 developing countries in 2019 in the light of World Bank data. Methodology – Due to lack of data and insufficient observations, this study employed static panel methods including pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect estimations. Findings- Empirical findings obtained in the study show that remittances have statistically significant and negative effects on all poverty measures considered. In addition, while the increase in per capita income in the long run has poverty-reducing effects, the rise in inflation rates deepens poverty. Conclusion- With the increase in global migration movements, the importance of remittances in the socio-economic development of countries is increasing. For this reason, it is important that countries receiving remittances develop well-considered policies to manage remittances correctly.

Keywords

• International migration
• remittances, poverty
• developing countries
• pooled OLS

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