Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TANZANIA: BASED ON ENGEL AND GRANGER TEST

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 250 - 262, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1292

Abstract

Purpose - This article aims to investigate the effect of energy consumption on economic growth in Tanzania. It is a quantitative investigation that is structured by the time series data from the World Bank (WB) database which started from 1990 to 2019. The article uses variables of Energy consumption (EC) and Economic growth (GDP). The variables are measured in GDP (Constant US$) and EC (MTOE).
Methodology – To obtain the significant estimated results, this study uses econometric tools for both theoretical and empirical analysis such Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test for identifying stationary and nonstationary time series data, Engel and Granger test for determination of the existence or absence of cointegration relationship, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for determining the speed of adjustment (ECT) and Classical Granger-causality test for a causal relationship between economic growth and consumption.
Findings- The core findings from the study are; the cointegration relationship between Energy consumption (EC) and Economic growth (GDP), a bidirectional causal relationship between energy consumption (EC) and Economic growth (GDP) in Tanzania. Therefore, the study accepts the energy feedback hypothesis that revealed to exist both a long-run effect and short-run effect between the energy consumption and economic growth in Tanzania.
Conclusion- The estimated results of this study provide the information to Tanzanian policymakers with a new dimensional approach to Tanzanian economic growth through an increase in energy consumption use. Although Tanzanian government has a huge and long term sustainable project of increasing energy power by adding 2115megawatts to Tanzanian national grid using the Stigler gorge or Julius Nyerere Hydroelectric power at Rufiji River but also Tanzania should invest to the short energy projects consumptions that can facilitate and improve the economic development of domestic hoods.

References

  • Adžić, S., & Davidović, M. (2015). Monetary polıcy effectıveness ın croatıa: evıdence from a restrıcted var model (VECM). Economics/Ekonomija, 22(2).
  • Akinlo, A. E. (2009). Electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria: evidence from cointegration and co-feature analysis. Journal of Policy Modeling, 31(5), 681-693.
  • Al-Mulali, U., & Sab, C. N. B. C. (2012). The impact of energy consumption and CO2 emission on the economic growth and financial development in the Sub Saharan African countries. Energy, 39(1), 180-186.
  • Ang, J. B. (2007). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and output in France. Energy Policy, 35(10), 4772-4778.
  • Aqeel, A., & Butt, M. S. (2001). The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 8(2), 101-110.
  • Aqeel, A., & Butt, M. S. (2001). The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 8(2), 101-110.
  • Besta, N. (2013). Seaweed farming and intra-household gender relations on Songo Songo Island, Tanzania (Doctoral dissertation, University of East Anglia).
  • Boma, K. J. (2013). The natural gas sector in Tanzania: suggestions for a better framework to benefit the country (Master's thesis, fi= Lapin yliopisto| en= University of Lapland|).
  • Campo, J., & Sarmiento, V. (2013). The relationship between energy consumption and GDP: Evidence from a panel of 10 Latin American countries. Latin American journal of economics, 50(2), 233-255.
  • Charemza, W. W., & Deadman, D. F. (1997). New directions in econometric practice. Books.
  • Ebohon, O. J. (1996). Energy, economic growth, and causality in developing countries: a case study of Tanzania and Nigeria. Energy Policy, 24(5), 447-453.
  • Eggoh, J. C., Bangaké, C., & Rault, C. (2011). Energy consumption and economic growth revisited in African countries. Energy Policy, 39(11), 7408-7421.
  • Fallahi, F. (2011). The Causal relationship between energy consumption (EC) and GDP: a Markov-switching (MS) causality. Energy, 36(7), 4165-4170.
  • Granger, C. W. (1988). Some recent development in a concept of causality. Journal of econometrics, 39(1-2), 199-211.
  • Harris, R. I. (1992). Testing for unit roots using the augmented Dickey-Fuller test: Some issues relating to the size, power, and the lag structure of the test. Economics Letters, 38(4), 381-386.
  • Ibrahim, M. (1999). Macroeconomic variables and stock prices in Malaysia: An empirical analysis. Asian Economic Journal, 13(2), 219-231.
  • Jinke, L., Hualing, S., & Dianming, G. (2008). Causality relationship between coal consumption and GDP: a difference of major OECD and non-OECD countries. Applied Energy, 85(6), 421-429.
  • Jumbe, C. B. (2004). Cointegration and causality between electricity consumption and GDP: empirical evidence from Malawi. Energy Economics, 26(1), 61-68.
  • Kamat, V. R. (2017). Powering the nation: natural gas development and distributive justice in Tanzania. Human Organization, 76(4), 304-314.
  • Kamat, V. R. (2017). Powering the nation: natural gas development and distributive justice in Tanzania. Human Organization, 76(4), 304-314.
  • Kusekwa, M. A. (2013). Biomass conversion to energy in Tanzania: A critique. New development in renewable energy, 240-270.
  • Lai, T. M., To, W. M., Lo, W. C., Choy, Y. S., & Lam, K. H. (2011). The causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in a Gaming and Tourism Center: The case of Macao SAR, the People’s Republic of China. Energy, 36(2), 1134-1142.
  • Lee, C. C., Chang, C. P., & Chen, P. F. (2008). Energy-income causality in OECD countries revisited: The key role of capital stock. Energy Economics, 30(5), 2359-2373.
  • Liew, V. K. S., Baharumshah, A. Z., & Chong, T. T. L. (2004). Are Asian real exchange rates stationary?. Economics Letters, 83(3), 313-316.
  • Liu, X., Mao, G., Ren, J., Li, R. Y. M., Guo, J., & Zhang, L. (2015). How might China achieve its 2020 emissions target? A scenario analysis of energy consumption and CO2 emissions using the system dynamics model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 103, 401-410.
  • LOT FALIPOUR, M., DEHGHANIAN, S., & AZARINFAR, Y. (2007). SURVEY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTION, AND AGRICULTURAL EXPORT AND EFFECT OF IT'S INSTABILITY ON GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR.
  • Makala, D., & Zongmin, L. (2019). Natural Gas Consumption and Economic Growth in Tanzania. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 4(2), em0113.
  • Maysami, R. C., & Koh, T. S. (2000). A vector error correction model of the Singapore stock market. International Review of Economics & Finance, 9(1), 79-96.
  • Murry, D. A., & Nan, G. D. (1994). A definition of the gross domestic product-electrification interrelationship. The Journal of energy and development, 19(2), 275-283.
  • Napendaeli, S. (2004). Supply-demand chain analysis of charcoal and firewood in Dar es Salaam and Coast Region. Tanzania Traditional Energy Development and Environment Organization (TATEDO), Dar es Salaam.
  • Nyoni, F. C. (2013). Relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Tanzania.
  • Ocal, O., & Aslan, A. (2013). Renewable energy consumption–economic growth nexus in Turkey. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 28, 494-499.
  • Odhiambo, N. M. (2009). Energy consumption and economic growth nexus in Tanzania: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Energy Policy, 37(2), 617-622.
  • Ouedraogo, N. S. (2013). Energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from the economic community of West African States (ECOWAS). Energy Economics, 36, 637-647.
  • Pao, H. T., & Tsai, C. M. (2011). Multivariate Granger causality between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, FDI (foreign direct investment) and GDP (gross domestic product): evidence from a panel of BRIC (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, and China) countries. Energy, 36(1), 685-693.
  • Sankaran, A., Kumar, S., Arjun, K., & Das, M. (2019). Estimating the causal relationship between electricity consumption and industrial output: ARDL bounds and Toda-Yamamoto approaches for ten late industrialized countries. Heliyon, 5(6), e01904.
  • Warr, B. S., & Ayres, R. U. (2010). Evidence of causality between the quantity and quality of energy consumption and economic growth. Energy, 35(4), 1688-1693.
  • Zhang, J., Deng, S., Shen, F., Yang, X., Liu, G., Guo, H., ... & Zhang, X. (2011). Modeling the relationship between energy consumption and economic development in China. Energy, 36(7), 4227-4234
Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 250 - 262, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1292

Abstract

References

  • Adžić, S., & Davidović, M. (2015). Monetary polıcy effectıveness ın croatıa: evıdence from a restrıcted var model (VECM). Economics/Ekonomija, 22(2).
  • Akinlo, A. E. (2009). Electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria: evidence from cointegration and co-feature analysis. Journal of Policy Modeling, 31(5), 681-693.
  • Al-Mulali, U., & Sab, C. N. B. C. (2012). The impact of energy consumption and CO2 emission on the economic growth and financial development in the Sub Saharan African countries. Energy, 39(1), 180-186.
  • Ang, J. B. (2007). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and output in France. Energy Policy, 35(10), 4772-4778.
  • Aqeel, A., & Butt, M. S. (2001). The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 8(2), 101-110.
  • Aqeel, A., & Butt, M. S. (2001). The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 8(2), 101-110.
  • Besta, N. (2013). Seaweed farming and intra-household gender relations on Songo Songo Island, Tanzania (Doctoral dissertation, University of East Anglia).
  • Boma, K. J. (2013). The natural gas sector in Tanzania: suggestions for a better framework to benefit the country (Master's thesis, fi= Lapin yliopisto| en= University of Lapland|).
  • Campo, J., & Sarmiento, V. (2013). The relationship between energy consumption and GDP: Evidence from a panel of 10 Latin American countries. Latin American journal of economics, 50(2), 233-255.
  • Charemza, W. W., & Deadman, D. F. (1997). New directions in econometric practice. Books.
  • Ebohon, O. J. (1996). Energy, economic growth, and causality in developing countries: a case study of Tanzania and Nigeria. Energy Policy, 24(5), 447-453.
  • Eggoh, J. C., Bangaké, C., & Rault, C. (2011). Energy consumption and economic growth revisited in African countries. Energy Policy, 39(11), 7408-7421.
  • Fallahi, F. (2011). The Causal relationship between energy consumption (EC) and GDP: a Markov-switching (MS) causality. Energy, 36(7), 4165-4170.
  • Granger, C. W. (1988). Some recent development in a concept of causality. Journal of econometrics, 39(1-2), 199-211.
  • Harris, R. I. (1992). Testing for unit roots using the augmented Dickey-Fuller test: Some issues relating to the size, power, and the lag structure of the test. Economics Letters, 38(4), 381-386.
  • Ibrahim, M. (1999). Macroeconomic variables and stock prices in Malaysia: An empirical analysis. Asian Economic Journal, 13(2), 219-231.
  • Jinke, L., Hualing, S., & Dianming, G. (2008). Causality relationship between coal consumption and GDP: a difference of major OECD and non-OECD countries. Applied Energy, 85(6), 421-429.
  • Jumbe, C. B. (2004). Cointegration and causality between electricity consumption and GDP: empirical evidence from Malawi. Energy Economics, 26(1), 61-68.
  • Kamat, V. R. (2017). Powering the nation: natural gas development and distributive justice in Tanzania. Human Organization, 76(4), 304-314.
  • Kamat, V. R. (2017). Powering the nation: natural gas development and distributive justice in Tanzania. Human Organization, 76(4), 304-314.
  • Kusekwa, M. A. (2013). Biomass conversion to energy in Tanzania: A critique. New development in renewable energy, 240-270.
  • Lai, T. M., To, W. M., Lo, W. C., Choy, Y. S., & Lam, K. H. (2011). The causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in a Gaming and Tourism Center: The case of Macao SAR, the People’s Republic of China. Energy, 36(2), 1134-1142.
  • Lee, C. C., Chang, C. P., & Chen, P. F. (2008). Energy-income causality in OECD countries revisited: The key role of capital stock. Energy Economics, 30(5), 2359-2373.
  • Liew, V. K. S., Baharumshah, A. Z., & Chong, T. T. L. (2004). Are Asian real exchange rates stationary?. Economics Letters, 83(3), 313-316.
  • Liu, X., Mao, G., Ren, J., Li, R. Y. M., Guo, J., & Zhang, L. (2015). How might China achieve its 2020 emissions target? A scenario analysis of energy consumption and CO2 emissions using the system dynamics model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 103, 401-410.
  • LOT FALIPOUR, M., DEHGHANIAN, S., & AZARINFAR, Y. (2007). SURVEY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTION, AND AGRICULTURAL EXPORT AND EFFECT OF IT'S INSTABILITY ON GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR.
  • Makala, D., & Zongmin, L. (2019). Natural Gas Consumption and Economic Growth in Tanzania. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 4(2), em0113.
  • Maysami, R. C., & Koh, T. S. (2000). A vector error correction model of the Singapore stock market. International Review of Economics & Finance, 9(1), 79-96.
  • Murry, D. A., & Nan, G. D. (1994). A definition of the gross domestic product-electrification interrelationship. The Journal of energy and development, 19(2), 275-283.
  • Napendaeli, S. (2004). Supply-demand chain analysis of charcoal and firewood in Dar es Salaam and Coast Region. Tanzania Traditional Energy Development and Environment Organization (TATEDO), Dar es Salaam.
  • Nyoni, F. C. (2013). Relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Tanzania.
  • Ocal, O., & Aslan, A. (2013). Renewable energy consumption–economic growth nexus in Turkey. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 28, 494-499.
  • Odhiambo, N. M. (2009). Energy consumption and economic growth nexus in Tanzania: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Energy Policy, 37(2), 617-622.
  • Ouedraogo, N. S. (2013). Energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from the economic community of West African States (ECOWAS). Energy Economics, 36, 637-647.
  • Pao, H. T., & Tsai, C. M. (2011). Multivariate Granger causality between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, FDI (foreign direct investment) and GDP (gross domestic product): evidence from a panel of BRIC (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, and China) countries. Energy, 36(1), 685-693.
  • Sankaran, A., Kumar, S., Arjun, K., & Das, M. (2019). Estimating the causal relationship between electricity consumption and industrial output: ARDL bounds and Toda-Yamamoto approaches for ten late industrialized countries. Heliyon, 5(6), e01904.
  • Warr, B. S., & Ayres, R. U. (2010). Evidence of causality between the quantity and quality of energy consumption and economic growth. Energy, 35(4), 1688-1693.
  • Zhang, J., Deng, S., Shen, F., Yang, X., Liu, G., Guo, H., ... & Zhang, X. (2011). Modeling the relationship between energy consumption and economic development in China. Energy, 36(7), 4227-4234
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Finance, Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hamis Miraji Ally Simba This is me 0000-0001-8915-9971

Mehmet Fatih Oztek This is me 0000-0002-7619-6375

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Simba, H. M. A., & Oztek, M. F. (2020). EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TANZANIA: BASED ON ENGEL AND GRANGER TEST. Journal of Economics Finance and Accounting, 7(3), 250-262. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1292

Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting (JEFA) is a scientific, academic, double blind peer-reviewed, quarterly and open-access online journal. The journal publishes four issues a year. The issuing months are March, June, September and December. The publication languages of the Journal are English and Turkish. JEFA aims to provide a research source for all practitioners, policy makers, professionals and researchers working in the area of economics, finance, accounting and auditing. The editor in chief of JEFA invites all manuscripts that cover theoretical and/or applied researches on topics related to the interest areas of the Journal. JEFA publishes academic research studies only. JEFA charges no submission or publication fee.

Ethics Policy - JEFA applies the standards of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). JEFA is committed to the academic community ensuring ethics and quality of manuscripts in publications. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden and the manuscripts found to be plagiarized will not be accepted or if published will be removed from the publication. Authors must certify that their manuscripts are their original work. Plagiarism, duplicate, data fabrication and redundant publications are forbidden. The manuscripts are subject to plagiarism check by iThenticate or similar. All manuscript submissions must provide a similarity report (up to 15% excluding quotes, bibliography, abstract and method).

Open Access - All research articles published in PressAcademia Journals are fully open access; immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open access is a property of individual works, not necessarily journals or publishers. Community standards, rather than copyright law, will continue to provide the mechanism for enforcement of proper attribution and responsible use of the published work, as they do now.