Green Production and Ecological Footprint: Evaluation of Sustainability Performance with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods

Abstract

Sustainable development has become a critical issue in global economic and environmental policies. Industrialization and economic growth have increased the ecological footprint while disrupting the balance between biocapacity and resource consumption. In production management, green production strategies are essential for ensuring environmental sustainability. However, the existing literature lacks comprehensive assessments that use multi-criteria decision-making methods. This study addresses this gap by evaluating sustainability performance through key indicators such as ecological footprint, biocapacity, and ecological deficit. The research employs TOPSIS, time-series analysis, regional and income-based comparisons, and K-Means clustering analysis to evaluate nations comprehensively. The findings indicate that high-income countries generally have the most significant ecological footprints and ecological deficits, whereas lower-income countries face biocapacity constraints despite having smaller footprints. Meanwhile, recent findings show a strong relationship between GDP growth and increases in ecological deficits. It highlights that industrialized countries tend to put more and more stress on the environment. However, effective policies to fight climate change and sustainability have allowed some countries to do well at reducing how everything messes up the environment, and that’s been a significant achievement. From a production management perspective, the feasibility and effectiveness of green production strategies play a crucial role in reducing ecological disparities among nations. This study underscores the necessity of developing effective environmental policies and green production models to balance economic growth and ecological sustainability.

Keywords

• Production Management
• Green Production
• Sustainability
• Ecological Footprint
• Biocapacity
• Multi-Criteria Decision Making
• Global Sustainability

Yeşil Üretim ve Ekolojik Ayak İzi: Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleriyle Sürdürülebilirlik Performansının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, küresel ekonomi ve çevresel politikalar açısından giderek daha kritik bir konu haline gelmiştir. Sanayileşme ve ekonomik büyüme, ekolojik ayak izini artırırken, biyokapasite ve doğal kaynak tüketimi arasındaki dengeyi bozmuştur. Özellikle üretim yönetimi bağlamında, yeşil üretim stratejileri çevresel sürdürülebilirliği sağlamak için önemli bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Ancak, mevcut literatürde ülkelerin sürdürülebilirlik performanslarını çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri ile değerlendiren çalışmaların sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, bu eksikliği gidermek amacıyla ekolojik ayak izi, biyokapasite ve ekolojik açık gibi temel göstergeleri kullanarak sürdürülebilirlik performanslarını değerlendirmektedir. Araştırmada TOPSIS, zaman serisi analizi, bölgesel ve gelir bazlı karşılaştırmalar ile K-Means kümeleme analizi yöntemleri uygulanarak ülkeler arasında sürdürülebilirlik performansına yönelik kapsamlı bir değerlendirme sunulmaktadır. Araştırmanın bulguları, yüksek gelirli ülkelerin genellikle en büyük ekolojik ayak izine ve ekolojik açığa sahip olduğunu, düşük gelirli ülkelerin ise daha küçük ayak izlerine sahip olmalarına rağmen biyokapasite kısıtları ile karşı karşıya kaldığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, GSYİH büyümesi ile ekolojik açık arasındaki korelasyon, sanayileşmiş ülkelerin çevresel baskıyı artırma eğiliminde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bazı ülkeler etkin sürdürülebilirlik politikaları uygulayarak bu olumsuz etkileri hafifletmeyi başarmıştır. Üretim yönetimi perspektifinden bakıldığında, yeşil üretim stratejilerinin uygulanabilirliği ve etkinliği, ülkeler arasındaki ekolojik farklılıkları azaltmada önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma, ekonomik kalkınma ile ekolojik sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki dengeyi sağlamak için etkili çevresel politikaların ve yeşil üretim modellerinin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• Üretim Yönetimi
• Yeşil Üretim
• Küresel Sürdürülebilirlik
• Çok Kriterli Karar Verme
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Ekolojik Ayak İzi
• Biyokapasite

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