Biochar as an Additive for Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion Process

Abstract

The energy requirement of people is increasing in parallel with the increase in the world population. Since the beginning of industrialization, fossil resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas have been used mainly to meet the world's energy needs. However, it is predicted that these resources will reach a level that cannot meet the world's energy needs and will run out in the near future. While meeting this increasing energy need of human beings, it is necessary to release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and to prevent or reduce the adverse effects of greenhouse gases. This will only be possible using sustainable and renewable alternative energy sources that do not pollute the environment. Biomass is one of the prominent options among these alternative energy sources. For biomass to be used as an energy source, it must be converted into a suitable material form. The pyrolysis method enables the conversion of biomass into value-added solid, liquid, and gaseous products. This study discusses the properties of biochar, a solid product produced by pyrolysis technology, its usage areas, and its effect mechanisms on the anaerobic digestion process.

Keywords

• Adsorption
• Anaerobic digestion
• Biochar
• Methane production
• Interspecies electron transfer

Anaerobik Parçalanma Prosesinin Zenginleştirilmesinde Katkı Maddesi Olarak Biyoçar

Öz

İnsanoğlunun enerji gereksinimi dünya nüfusunun artışına paralel olarak artmaktadır. Endüstrileşmenin başlangıcından beri dünyanın enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla başlıca petrol, kömür ve doğal gaz gibi fosil kaynaklar kullanılmıştır. Ancak, yakın gelecekte bu kaynakların dünyanın enerji gereksinimini sağlayamayacak seviyeye geleceği ve tükeneceği öngörülmektedir. İnsanoğlunun bu artan enerji ihtiyacı karşılanırken atmosfere sera gazlarının salınmaması, sera gazların olumsuz etkilerinin engellenmesi veya azaltılması bir gerekliliktir. Bu da ancak çevreyi kirletmeyen, sürdürülebilir ve yenilenebilir alternatif enerji kaynaklarının kullanılması ile mümkün olacaktır. Biyokütle bu alternatif enerji kaynakları arasında öne çıkan seçeneklerden biridir. Biyokütlenin enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilmesi için uygun madde formuna dönüştürülmesi gerekmektedir. Piroliz yöntemi, biyokütlenin katma değerli katı, sıvı ve gaz ürünlere dönüştürülmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada piroliz teknolojisi ile üretilen katı ürün olan biyoçarın özellikleri, kullanım alanları ve anaerobik parçalanma prosesi üzerindeki etki mekanizmaları ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adsorpsiyon
• Anaerobik parçalanma
• Biyoçar
• Metan üretimi
• Türler arası elektron transferi

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