Application of A Risk Analysis with Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods

Abstract

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) activities, are aimed that the employees in the workplaces are in a complete mental and physical well-being. One of these activities is the risk analysis to be applied in the workplaces. The hazards existing in the workplaces and the potential risks that may be caused by these hazards are determined through risk analysis, and necessary precautions are taken to prevent or minimize occupational accidents. There are various risk analysis methods used in the literature. Fine-Kinney method, which has a widespread usage from the smallest to the largest workplace in our country, is one of these risk analysis methods. In this study, it is aimed to develop a more useful and sensitive hybrid risk analysis method by integrating the traditional Fine-Kinney method with fuzzy logic-based multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. For this purpose, the relevant MCDM methods were used as fuzzy logic-based, so a more meaningful and useful method was developed by using linguistic terms that are more suitable for decision makers. In this context, probability, exposure and severity criteria of the Fine-Kinney method were preferred as criteria for this study. These criteria were weighted by the occupational safety experts with the f-SWARA MCDM method. As a result of the weighting process, 0.198, 0.276 and 0.526 values were obtained for probability, exposure and severity criteria, respectively. Then, by integrating the weighted criteria values into the f-VIKOR method, analyzes were performed and the priority order of the hazards was determined. At the end of the study, the results of the analysis made with the traditional method and the results of the analysis of the hybrid f-SWARA&f-VIKOR method proposed within the scope of the study were compared. In this study, it has been obtained that the weighting of the criteria used in risk analysis is a significant situation, and the use of fuzzy logic-based MCDM methods in risk analysis has a major contribution in minimizing human-induced errors.

Keywords

• Occupational health and safety
• risk analysis
• fuzzy logic
• Fine-Kinney
• f-SWARA
• f-VIKOR

Bulanık Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleriyle Bir Risk Analizi Uygulaması

Abstract

İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) faaliyetleriyle işyerlerinde çalışanların ruhen ve bedenen tam bir iyilik halinde olması hedeflenmektedir. Bu faaliyetlerin en önemlilerinden birisi işyerlerinde uygulanacak olan risk analizleridir. Risk analizleriyle işyerlerinde mevcut olan tehlikeler ve bu tehlikelerin neden olabileceği potansiyel riskler belirlenerek iş kazalarının yaşanmaması ya da minimize edilmesi için gerekli önlemler alınmaktadır. Literatürde kullanılmakta olan çeşitli risk analiz yöntemleri bulunmaktadır. Ülkemizde en küçük işyerinden en büyük işyerine kadar yaygın bir kullanım düzeyine sahip olan Fine-Kinney yöntemi bu risk analiz yöntemlerinden birisidir. Bu çalışmada geleneksel Fine-Kinney yönteminin bulanık mantık tabanlı çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerine entegrasyonu ile daha kullanışlı ve hassas hibrit bir risk analizi yöntemi geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç için ilgili ÇKKV yöntemleri bulanık mantık tabanlı olarak kullanılmış olup bu sayede karar verici uzmanlar için daha uygun olan sözel terimlerin kullanımıyla daha anlamlı ve kullanışlı bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle çalışma için kriter olarak Fine-Kinney yönteminin olasılık, frekans ve şiddet kriterleri tercih edilmiştir. Bu kriterler iş güvenliği uzmanları tarafından f-SWARA ÇKKV yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılmıştır. Yapılan ağırlıklandırma işlemi sonucunda olasılık, frekans ve şiddet kriterleri için sırasıyla 0,198, 0,276 ve 0,526 değerleri elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra ağırlıklı kriter değerlerinin f-VIKOR yöntemine entegrasyonu ile analizler gerçekleştirilerek tehlikelerin öncelik sıraları belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda geleneksel yöntemle yapılan analiz sonuçlarıyla önerilen hibrit f-SWARA&f-VIKOR yöntemi analizi sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmayla risk analizlerinde kullanılan kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılmasının önemli bir durum olduğu ayrıca risk analizlerinde bulanık mantık tabanlı ÇKKV yöntemlerinin kullanımının insan kaynaklı hataları minimize etmede büyük katkısı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• İş sağlığı ve güvenliği
• risk analizi
• bulanık mantık
• Fine-Kinney
• f-SWARA
• f-VIKOR

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