Evaluation of Potential Environmental Risks of Graphene-Based Materials by Examining the Effect of rGO on the Microbial Activity of P. Chrysosporium.

Abstract

Graphene has been used in various applications in many fields. In recent years, its annual output has reached one hundred tons. Graphene has shown great potential in analytics, medicine, electronics, energy, agriculture, and environmental remediation. With increasing applications and production, the environmental risks and hazards of graphene have increased public concern. It was a key issue in environmental risk assessments of graphene materials. Microbial degradation of graphene and graphene oxide and its degradation by fungi in the environment have been previously studied. However, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was difficult to degrade by fungi, and there were limited studies on this subject. In this study, the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was incubated with the culture system rGO for one week. The independent variables of microorganism concentration, pH, and rGO concentration were analyzed with the Box Behnken statistical method using response surface methodology. The potential environmental risks of graphene-based materials were assessed by examining the effect of rGO on the microbial activity of P. chrysosporium. The results revealed that rGO inhibited microbial activity during incubation and acted as an inhibitor in the medium. In addition, pH was found to be effective in inhibiting the environment, while microbial activity decreased at low pH. Moreover, P.chrysosporium was thought to degrade the oxygen groups on the rGO surface due to its decomposition ability. To test the environmental impact of graphene-based materials in general, it was aimed at unraveling the structure-activity relationships of the fungus P. chrysosporium.

Keywords

• Reduced graphene oxide
• White rot fungus
• Box Behnken Design
• Response surface methodology

rGO'nun P. Chrysosporium'un Mikrobiyal Aktivitesi Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesiyle Grafen Bazlı Malzemelerin Potansiyel Çevresel Risklerinin Değerlendirilmesi.

Abstract

Grafen birçok alanda çeşitli uygulamalarda kullanılmıştır. Son yıllarda yıllık üretimi yüz tona ulaşıyor. Grafen, analitik, tıp, elektronik, enerji, tarım ve çevresel iyileştirme alanlarında büyük potansiyel göstermektedir. Artan uygulamalar ve üretimle birlikte, grafenin çevresel riskleri ve tehlikeleri toplumda endişeleri arttırmaktadır. Grafen malzemelerinin çevresel risk değerlendirmelerinde temel bir konudur. Grafen ve grafen oksidin mikrobiyal bozunması ve bunun çevresel ortamda mantarlar tarafından bozunması daha önce incelenmiştir. Ancak indirgenmiş grafen oksidin (rGO) mantarlar tarafından parçalanması zordur ve bu konuda sınırlı sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada beyaz çürüklük mantarı Phanerochaete chrysosporium kültür sistemi rGO ile bir hafta süreyle inkübe edildi. Mikroorganizma konsantrasyonu, pH ve rGO konsantrasyonu bağımsız değişkenleri yanıt yüzey metodolojisi kullanılarak Box Behnken istatistik yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Grafen bazlı malzemelerin potansiyel çevresel riskleri, rGO'nun P. chrysosporium'un mikrobiyal aktivitesi üzerindeki etkisi incelenerek değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar rGO'nun inkübasyon sırasında mikrobiyal aktiviteyi inhibe ettiği ve besiyerinde inhibitör görevi gördüğünü ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca pH'ın ortamın inhibisyonunda etkili olduğu görülürken, düşük pH'da mikrobiyal aktivite azalmaktadır. Ek olarak P. Chrysosporium'un bozunma kabiliyetinden dolayı rGO yüzeyindeki oksijen gruplarını bozmuştur. Genel olarak grafen bazlı malzemelerin çevresel etkisini test etmek için, P. Chrysosporium mantarının yapı-aktivite ilişkilerini çözmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• İndirgenmiş grafen oksit
• Beyaz çürükçül mantar
• Box Behnken
• Çevresel Etki Değerlendirme

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